anatomy of the breast

1. ANATOMY OF THE BREAST
BY
MUSA GERSHOM
BMS/16/ANT/00246
SEMINAR PRESENTATION
(ANA4209)
DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY
FACULTY OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES,
COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCE,
BAYERO UNIVERSITY, KANO.

2. CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• LOCATION
• SHAPE AND EXTENT
• RELATIONSHIPS
• STRUCTURE
 SKIN
 STROMA
 PARENCHYMA
• ARTERIAL SUPPLY
• NERVE SUPPLY
• VENOUS DRAINAGE
• APPLIED ANATOMY
• REFERENCES

3. INTRODUCTION
• The breast are the most prominent
superficial structures in the anterior
thoracic wall, especially in women.
The breasts consist of glandular and
supporting fibrous tissue embedded
within a fatty matrix, together with
blood vessels, lymphatics and
nerves. The mammary gland is
found in both sexes, it rudimentary
in males but become well
developed in females at puberty.
• The amount of fat surrounding the
glandular tissue determines the
sizes of non-lacting breasts.

4. Location
• The breast is located in the
superficial fascia of the
pectoral region. A small
extension from its
superolateral part (axillary
tail) however pieces the deep
fascia and extends into the
axilla.
• The aperture in the deep fascia
through which axillary tail
passes into the axilla is called
foramen of lenger.

5. SHAPE AND EXTENT
• SHAPE
Hemispherical
• EXTENT
Vertically, it extends from 2nd rib -
6th rib
Horizontally, it extends from
lateral border of the sternum to the
mid-axillary line.

6. RELATIONS
• The deep aspect of breast is related to the following structures from
superficial to deep.
i. Pectoral fascia, the deep fascia covering the anterior aspect of the
pectoralis major.
ii. Three muscles– pectoralis major, serratus anterior and external
oblique
The breast is separated from pectoral fascia by a space (retro-mammary
space), which is filled with loose areolar tissue, it allows the breast
some degree of movement on the pectoral fascia.

7. STRUCTURES
• The breast consist of the following
three structures
1. Skin
Nipple & areolar
2. Stroma
Fibrous (suspensory ligament) fat
3. Parenchyma (15-20 lobes)
Lactiferous duct

8. ARTERIAL SUPPLY
• The breast is highly vascular, it
is supply by the following
arteries:
1. Internal thoracic artery
2. Axillary artery
3. Posterior intercostal arteries

9. VENOUS DRAINAGE
• Follows the arteries
• Converge towards the base of
the nipple to form anastomosis
1. Axillary vein
2. Internal thoracic vein
3. Posterior intercostal veins
The veins follow the arteries

10. NERVE SUPPLY
• 2nd to 6th intercostal nerve
through their anterior and lateral
cutaneous branches. The
branches passes through the
pectoral fascia covering the
pectoralis major to reach
overlying subcutaneous tissue
and skin of the breast.
• Milk secretion is controlled by
prolactin

11. Lymph vessels & nodes
• Superficial lymphatics- skin
except nipple & areolar
• Deep lymphatics- parenchyma,
nipple & areolar

12. APPLIED ANATOMY
• Carcinoma
- Puckering of skin
- Peau d’ orange
- Polymastia
- Polythelia

13. References
• Vishram singh Anatomy textbook 2nd edition
• Keith Moore’s clinically oriented Anatomy textbook 7th edition
• Gray’s Atlas of Anatomy

14. Thanks
for
listening