ppt

1. MUHANNAD O. TAHER
MSc pharmaceutics
3rd lab
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Suppositories

2. Contents
 Introduction
 Classification of suppositories
 Advantages & disadvantages
 Ideal properties of suppositories
 Types of suppository bases
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3. Introduction
 Suppositories are medicated solid dosage forms
meant to be inserted into the body cavities like
vagina , urethra ,nose, ear and rectum ,where they
melt or soften to release the drugs and exert local or
systemic effects.
 They melt at body temperature , or dissolved in
small amount of fluids in the vaginal , rectal
mucosa
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4. Classification Of Suppositories
 Rectal suppositories
 Vaginal suppositories ( PESSARIES )
 Urethral suppositories ( BOUGIES )
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5. VAGINAL SUPPOSITORY
 They are also called as PESSARIES.
 SHAPE : globular, oviform or cone-shaped.
 They are meant for insertion into the vagina
for local effects like contraceptives, anti-
infective etc..
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6. URETHRAL SUPPOSITORY
 Also called as BOUGIES .
 SHAPE – pencil-shaped.
 They are meant for insertion into the urethra
for anti-bacterial or as a local anesthetic preparative
for urethral examination.
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7.  They are meant for insertion into the
rectum for local action to relieve
constipation, irritation, and inflammatory
– 4 gm adult
– 1 gm child
RECTAL SUPPOSITORY
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8. Classification Of SuppositoriesVia SiteOf
Action
LOCALEFFECT :
 In case of pain, itching and hemorrhoid.
SYSTEMIC EFFECT :
 anti rheumatics, anti-pyretic and analgesics
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9. ADVANTAGES
 Self administration
 Easily adminstersd to children, old persons, to
unconscious
 Drug that cause irritation to GIT or vomiting
 Avoid first pass effect
 Rapid onset of action as compared to oral administration
 Show site specific action and reducing systemic toxicity
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10. DISADVANTAGES
 Patient compliance.
 The manufacturing process is difficult.
 some drugs cause irritation to the
mucous membrane.
 Most of the suppositories should be
stored at low temperature10-20°c in a
refrigerator
 GI state affects absorption (Diarrhea)
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11. Formulationof suppositories
1. Bases
2. Anti- oxidants
3. Emulsifying agents
4. Hardening agents
5. Preservatives
6. Thickening agents
7. Plasticizers
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12. Suppositorybases
 Suppository bases may be classified
according to their composition and physical
properties:
1 Oleaginous (fatty) bases
2 Water soluble or miscible bases

13. Ideal properties ofsuppository bases
 Melts, dissolves, or disperses at 37oC
 It should release API easily.
 keep its shape when being handled.
 non-toxic and non-irritant to the mucous
membrane.
 Chemically inert & Compatible with drugs
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14. Ideal propertiesof suppositorybases
 It should be easily molded and should not
adhere to the mold.
 It should be chemically and physically stable
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15.  Test of appearance
 Test of physical strength (breaking )
 Test of dissolution rate
 Test of melting range
 Test of softening time
 Test of uniformity of drug content
 Test of drug uptake

16. Thank you