Globalization has brought wide-ranging consequences in all aspects of human life, including business. Managers now need a global vision and perspective to achieve success in managing their organizations. Some challenges for businesses in the global environment include increased global competition, rapid technological advances, population growth, changing lifestyles and social trends, and economic and political instability. To anticipate freer competition, businesses must focus on developing innovative and creative human resources, new or improved products and services, and competitive advantages through efficiency and continuous improvement. Adapting to different cultural contexts is also important for business success globally.

1. Bisnis UMKM
dan Tantangan
Global
Manajemen UMKM

2. Entrepreneurial
success is the
people who are
ready to buy the
future with the
current price, and
continue to innovate
by creating a
product that takes
the future.
Chairul Tanjung

3. Tantangan
Wirausaha
Tantangan Global Wirausaha ....
Pertumbuhan
Jumlah Penduduk
Tantangan
Etika Bisnis
Gaya Hidup dan
Tendensinya
Persaingan Global
Peningkatan Jumlah
Pengangguran
Tanggung Jawab
Sosial, CSR
Aneka Ragam
Angkatan Kerja
Kemajuan Sains dan
Teknologi
Berlakunya konsep globalisasi
terhadap dunia internasional
saat ini membawa berbagai
konsekuensi yang sangat luas
dalam setiap aspek kehidupan
manusia tanpa terkecuali,
termasuk dalam bidang bisnis
dengan seluruh komponen
yang mendukung bidang bisnis
tersebut. Saat ini para manajer
dalam rangka mengelola
organisasi perusahaannya
memerlukan Visi dan
Perspektif Global jika mereka
berkeinginan mencapai
sukses.

4. Global competition is the services or products provided by competing
companies that serve international customers. Think about how you can
have a pie-eating contest or a race. These are examples of competition on
a local scale where people are competing against one another for one
common goal - the best in their core competency.
Core competency is what a
company does best. Global
competition has allowed
companies to buy and sell their
services internationally, which
opens the door to increased
profits and flattens the playing
field in business.

5. Successful leaders recognize the need to adapt to the ever-rapidly changing ways to do
business in the global environment. These leaders seek to build competitive advantages
around the core competencies of the organization, while also reducing costs to conduct their
business.
Gaining the Competitive Edge ……
These organizations also understand that doing the best they do is not always enough to be
on top. In order to keep the competitive position in the domestic market, they will need to
acquire knowledge of other key competitors in the global marketplace. They need to stay
informed of other domestic and foreign competitor's potential strategies, as well as their
competitor's strengths and weaknesses.
Global competitors understand that with increased
competition, new ways to differentiate their products and
services need to be developed. One of the best motivations
to innovate for a company is knowing that they can lose
business to the opposing team.

6. Population growth and urbanization go together, and economic development is
closely correlated with urbanization (Friedberg and Hunt (1995). Population growth
increases density and, together with rural-urban migration, creates higher urban
agglomeration. This is critical for achieving sustained growth because large urban centers
allow for innovation and increase economies of scale. Companies can produce goods in
larger numbers and more cheaply, serving a larger number of lowincome customers.
Population Growth and Business ….
Many countries have companies which have
been benefitting from increasing population
growth and density in targeting the large
numbers of lower and lower-middle income.
Their business model is viable because they
can serve a multi-million customer base.

7. Impact of Population Change
• The Negative Side: The population growth creates problems in the short run that include
poverty, famine, and unemployment. In the long run, it leads to new developments
through advancement in technology that leave countries better off than if the problems
never occurred.
• The Positive Side: The population growth is beneficial
to an economy due to the fact that population growth is
correlated to technological advancement; the increased
populace, economies are blessed with a large labor
force, making it cheaper as well, due to its immense
availability. An increase in labor availability and a low
cost for labor results in a huge rise in employment as
businesses are more inclined to the cheap labor. Low
labor costs results in a shift of money usage from wages
into advancement through technology (Coale and
Hoover, 1958).

8. Diperlukan sumber daya manusia
usia produktif (generasi milenial)
dengan kualitas iman dan sains-
teknologi yang tangguh.
Impact of Population Change
Generasi usia produktif (18-56) harus menanggung beban generasi lanjut yang sudah
tidak produktif lagi.

9. Tantangan Global Wirausaha ….
BISNIS
TEKNOLOGI
INFLASI
DEMOGRAFI
GAYA HIDUP
SOSIAL
POLITIK
Karyawan
Penyalur
Pemasok Pelanggan
Inflasi—naiknya harga-harga
yang disebabkan oleh
kombinasi antara permintaan
pelanggan yang berlebihan
dengan meningkatnya biaya
bahan baku. Hiperinflasi—
situasi perekonomian yang
ditandai dengan harga-harga
yang melambung tinggi
Teknologi meliputi semua
alat, mesin, perkakas,
senjata, pakaian, peranti
pengangkut dan
pengomunikasi, metode,
dan keterampilan yang
memungkinkan kita
menghasilkan sesuatu yang
bernilai (Read Bain, 1937:
860).
Sosiolpolitik merupakan
gambaran gejala politik
dan kehidupan
masyarakat yang di
dalamnya mencakup
hubungan antara politik
kekuasaan, struktur sosial,
ideologi, dan budaya
(Gordon Marshall, 1998).
Demografi berkaitan
dengan ukuran, struktur,
dan distribusi penduduk,
serta perubahan jumlah
penduduk di setiap waktu
dan tempat, baik karena
kelahiran, kematian,
migrasi, serta penuaan.

10. Tantangan Global Wirausaha …
PELUANG
BISNIS
Kecenderunan
Ekonomi
Kemajuan Sains
dan Teknologi
Lingkungan
Sosial Politik
Demografi dan
Gaya Hidup
Peluang usaha merupakan sebuah
terapan yang terdiri dari kreativitas dan
inovasi untuk memecahkan masalah dan
melihat kesempatan yang dihadapi setiap
hari (Thomas W. Zimmerer).
Peluang usaha merupakan sebuah
proses yang melibatkan invidu atau
kelompok yang menggunakan usaha
dan sarana tertentu untuk menciptakan
suatu nilai tumbuh guna memenuhi
sebuah kebutuhan tanpa
memperhatkan sumber daya yang
digunakan (Robbin and Coulter).

11. Tantangan Perekonomian Global …
• Pekerjaan, kesempatan kerja
• Pemerataan pendapatan dan distribusi pendapatan
yang berpengaruh pada instabilitas dan disintegrasi
sosial.
• Infrastruktur: sarana jalan, public transport, public place,
yang kualitas di bawah standar dan tak layak
• Perubahan iklim, gelombang panas ekstrim dan
anjloknya stok pangan global
• Efek destabilisasi akibat kemajuan teknologi dan
keamanan siber dengan tetap memegang teguh
keterbukaan, transparansi dan akuntabilitas.
Resource: World Bank, 2014.

12. Tantangan Ekonomi Masa Depan
1. Integrasi ekonomi. Dampaknya, globalisasi ekonomi dan
kompetisi semakin ketat.
2. Dominasi sains-teknologi, dan kuatnya intervensinya
terhadap ekonomi. Dampaknya, kreativitas dan inovasi
menjadi keharusan untuk mengembangkan daya saing.
3. Tuntutan keadilan, pengurangan kemiskinan, dan
peningkaan kualitas kehidupan semakin tinggi.
4. Tuntutan pembanguan ekonomi yang berkelanjutan.
5. Kutub pembangunan bergeser ke Timur: Asia Pasifik (48%
perdagangan dunia; 53% GDP dunia; dan 70% iklim
investasi tumbuh di Asia Pasifik).
6. Kehidupan dunia menua—pada 2025, dunia Barat dihuni
oleh generasi tua karena tidak adanya regenerasi; Asia
dihuni penduduk usia produktif.

13. Mengantisipasi Persaingan Bebas …..
Pendidikan
Wirausaha
SDM Kreatif
dan Inovatif
Barang/Jasa
yang Baru
Barang/Jasa
Bernilai
Tambah
• Mengandung
kebaruan
(novelty,
differentiated);
• Memiliki
kegunaan
tambahan;
• Memiliki
kemudahan
untuk digunakan
(easy to use);
Barang/Jasa
Berdaya
Saing
Syarat:
• SDM
berkompeten
si baik;
• Efisiensi
dalam
proses;
• Kreaivitas
dan inovasi
Pasar Bebas
dan
Persaingan
Global

14. Competing againts Time
Time has been defined as “an essential aspect of strategy”. Time becomes a factor or fundamental strategic
actor, and firms have the not so easy and ambitious task of “competing against time” .
• PHILOSOPHY OF VALUE ADDED PRODUCTION : continually improve any function that produces value
added by impacting production and the delivery of the product to the customer
• REDUCTION IN THE COMPLEXITY OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEM: seek simplicity by reducing
codes, standardizing parts, modularizing, and simplify-ing production processes
• GLOBAL VISION OF THE PROCESS: make the process more streamlined and fluid by eliminating “waste”;
that is, those activities that do not add value to the product
• INCREMENTAL IMPROVEMENT IN PRODUCTS: anticipating and incrementally achieving product
improvements
• INTERCONNECTED INFORMATION SYSTEMS: design and set up information systems that guarantee the
immediate circulation and use of information
• PARTNERSHIPS WITH SUPPLIERS: undertake long-term relationships with suppliers based on trust and
reliability
• DECENTRALIZE DECISION-MAKING: decentralize decision-making to eliminate wasting time for
authorization requests
• SHARING OF VALUES AND LEARNING ORGANIZATION: involve and give responsibility to collaborators
at all organizational levels

15. Time-Based Competition …….
Resource: Yahya, 2014.
“When a time-base competing can open up response advantage with turn-
around time three or four times faster than its competitor, it will almost always
grow three times faster than the average for the industry and will be twice as
profitable as the average for all competitors” (Geogre Stalk, Competing
againts Time, 1990)
Concept that time is a resource and a firm that make better use of time (in responding to the changing market
situations and other environmental conditions) acquires a competitive advantage.
Time-based competition is a strategy of seeking competitive advantage by quickening
the tempo of critical organizational processes such as product development, order entry,
production, distribution, and after-sale service. The emphasis is on the time from the
generation of new product ideas to the delivery of finished products, rather than the time
to perform specific tasks. A company becomes time-based by developing superior
insights into what customers value and building the company to deliver it quickly. For
example, a redesigned car rental procedure may enable a customer to swiftly select a
car and pay for it without providing any information beyond what is on the credit card or
check

16. Competing againts Time
Time-Base Advantage
Resource: Yahya, 2014.
Higher effiency
Higher producitivity
Lower overhead
Faster inventory
Capital turn over
Lower cost
Greater product range
Faster availability of product to
customer
Higher price
premium
New segments
of market
Larger market
share
Higher Profitability

17. Competing againts Time
The organization’s
objective is to satisfy
customer requirements
in a way that creates
wealth for society (profit
for stockholders in the
private sector).
Model for Time-Based Competitors
The model claims that the
product development
process has three impacts
on meeting customer
requirements.

18. Business Strategy
and Spiritual Organization
Spiri
tual
Spirit
Share
Vlues
Skill
Staff
Strate
gy
Biz
Share
values
Style
Struct
ure
Syste
m
The Leadership
Architecture
The
Business
way
Resource: Yahya, 2014.
Spirituality is the most important element
in an organization. Spirituality into the spirit
for the realization of the outstanding
performance of an organization (Yahya,
2014).

19. Tantangan Budaya dalam Bisnis …
• Mampu beradaptasi
• Fleksibel, mudah mengubah segala sesuatunya jika hal tersebut
memang dikehendaki oleh lingkungan setempat.
• Memiliki sifat keterbukaan yang tinggi (open minded)
• Memiliki banyak teman atau relai dari berbagai kewarganegaraan yang
berbeda.
• Menguasai berbagai bahasa yang secara internasional sering
dipergunakan dalam operasi bisnis internasional.
Sumber: Ratiu dalam Weinshall dalam Lumbanraja (2008),
Dalam kondisi persaingan bisnis yang semakin ketat, saat ini, setiap perusahaan berusaha
untuk bergerak secara internasional. Untuk mendukung upaya itu, mereka mencari orang-
orang yang memiliki “cross-cultural competence” dan “culturalsensitivity”. Tujuan akhirnya
adalah terbentuknya karyawan yang memiliki daya adaptasi yang tinggi dan memiliki
kemampuan kepemimpinan silang budaya yang handal (cross-cultural leadership competence).

20. Managing Culture Differences ….
• Melakukan Persiapan. Persiapan mencakup situasi dan kondisi sosial-budaya negara yang
akan dikunjungi; etika bisnis dan sosial, nilai budaya, geografi, agama, dan struktur politik.
• Bersikap hati-hati dan tidak erburu-buru. Setiap pebisnis harus belajar “wait and see”
atas situasi yang terjadi.
• Membangun kepercayaan. Setiap pebisnis harus mampu menjadi sosok yang penuh
simpati.
• Mampu berkomunikasi aktif dan fasih dengan bahasa setempat. Bahasa merupakan alat
komunikasi yang utama. Penggunaan kosakata yang tepat akan memberi nuansa dan
konotasi yang sangat baik.
• Menghormati budaya lokal. Kepercayaan dan keakraban jika budaya dan kearifan lokal
dihormati sebagai kekayaan intangible.
• Memahami unsur-unsur budaya. Budaya permukaan: mode, gaya, makanan, dan
sebagainya. Budaya dalam: sikap, keyakinan/kepercayaan, nilai dan ebagainya.
Sumber: Ratiu dalam Weinshall dalam Lumbanraja (2008),