4. The causes of mutations
1. DNA fails to copy accurately
Most of the mutations that we think matter to evolution are
"naturally-occurring." For example, when a cell divides, it
makes a copy of its DNA — and sometimes the copy is not
quite perfect. That small difference from the original DNA
sequence is a mutation.
2. External influences can create mutations
Mutations can also be caused by radiation. These agents cause the DNA to break
down. This is not necessarily unnatural. when the cell repairs the DNA, it might not
do a perfect e repair. So the cell would end up with DNA slightly different than the
original DNA and hence, a mutation
5. Types of Mutation
Mutations can occur in two
different types of cells:
1. Somatic (body) cells
2. Gamete (sex) cells
6. Mutation in Somatic Cell
Mutations that occur in
somatic (body) cells usually
result in killing that body
cell only.
An exception to this is if the
mutation occurs to the DNA
that controls regulation of
the cell cycle. This can result
in cancer.
Somatic mutations usually
do not affect the individual.
Somatic mutations can NOT
be passed on to the next
generation.
7. Mutation in Gamete Cells
Mutations that occur in gamete (sex) cells means that
every cell of the developing fetus/baby will have that
mutation.
Gamete mutations usually do affect the individual with
some genetic disorder.
Gamete mutations can be passed on to the next
generation
8. Two types of mutation in gamete cell
1. Gene Mutations
2. Chromosomal Mutations
9. Type of Single Gene Mutations -
Point
.
It’s a point mutation and type of single gene
mutation
