1. MutationsMutations

2. What Are Mutations?What Are Mutations?
• Changes in the
nucleotide sequence of
DNA
• May occur in somatic
cells (aren’t passed to
offspring)
• May occur in gametes
(eggs & sperm) and be
passed to offspring

3. Are Mutations Helpful or
Harmful?
• Some type of skin
cancers and leukemia
result from somatic
mutations
• Some mutations may
improve an organism’s
survival (beneficial)

4. Types of Mutations

5. Deletion
• Due to breakage
• A piece of a
chromosome is lost

6. substitution
• A nucleotide that is
substituted.
• Like AT-CG

7. Insertion
• When a nucleotide that is
added or inserted
• If one of the bases like
adenine is inserted which
may cause genetic
disorder