Economy of Bangladesh Part 2

1. ECONOMY OF BANGLADESH
M O H A M M A D M U H A I M I N U L I S L A M
FO O D E N G I N E E R I NG
U N I V E RS I T Y O F D E B R EC E N

2. CONTENTS:
Location
Population
Religion
Economy
Resource
Data
Development
Sources

3. Bangladesh is
Located in the
north-eastern
part of South Asia.
The majestic
Himalayas stand
some distance to
the north,
bordered by India
in the north, while
in the south lays
the Bay of Bengal.

4. AREA
 One of the most densely populated countries in the
world.
 Total: 148,460 km2
 Land: 130,170 km2 ( high land 39%, medium high 20%)
 Water: 18,290 km2
 About 60% of Bangladesh's nonurban land is arable.
 Forests and woodland cover about 16%

5. POPULATION
Population 163 million
Birth rate
17.71 births /1,000
population
Death rate
5.54 deaths /1,000
population
Life expectancy 72.72 years

6. RELIGION
Islam (88.2%)
Hinduism (10.7%)
Buddhism (0.6%)
Christianity (0.4%)
Others (0.1%

7. ECONOMY
 GDP - 274 billion USD
 GDP rank – 35TH
 GDP growth - 7.9% (17/18) 8.2% (18/19e)
 Currency - Bangladeshi taka (BDT, ৳)
Fiscal year –
 Trade organizations - SAFTA, SAARC, BIMSTEC, WTO, IMF, Commonwealth of Nations,
World Bank, ADB.
1 July – 30 June

9. APPAREL INDUSTRY
According to (BGMEA),
the RMG sector’s
contribution to GDP
was 11.17% in the fiscal
year of 2017-18.
Due to business
experts, lack of
diversified products and
sluggish private
investments are the
root causes of this
negative trend in the
apparel sector.

10. AGRICULTURE
The average value for
Bangladesh during that period
was 33.87 percent with a
minimum of 12.68 percent in
2019 and a maximum of 61.95
percent in 1975.
Agriculture includes forestry,
hunting, and fishing, as well
as the cultivation of crops and
livestock production.

11. Importance of Agriculture
 Share in National Income : About one forth of Bangladesh’s GDP depends on agriculture
sector.
 Share in Employment : Largest employment provider sector in Bangladesh and provides
employment to around 48% of the total labor force.
Industrial Raw Materials : Agriculture supplies industrial raw material in terns of cotton for
textile industry, seeds for oil industry, sugarcane for sugar industry.
Wealth of nation: Large part of the country’s wealth belongs to agriculture sector.
Contribution to International trade & Domestic Trade.

12. Weaknesses in Agricultural Sector
 Weak Agro Marketing System
 Improper Distribution of Seed & Fertilizer
 Post harvest loss is high
 Coordination Between Government & Private Stakeholders
 Natural Disaster
 Low access to institutional credits
 Crop Pest Control
 Private investment in research and development is low

13. Threats in Agricultural Sector
 Environmental Vulnerability
 Climate Change and variations
 Soil health is declining - Excessive Use of Fertilizer & Pesticides
 Cultivable land and water also declining - Lowering Ground Water Level In Dry Season.
 Deforestation
 Use of agricultural land for non-agricultural use is increasing

14. How to Improve Agriculture Sector
 Government Intervention
 Access to Information
 Technical Advancement
Technical Accessibility
 Educative the Farmers
 Ensure Aid from Different NGOs

15. TOURISM
 Tourism is a rising
industry in Bangladesh
which comprised of 4.4%
of the total GDP in 2018
 Tourism boosts the
revenue of the economy,
creates thousands of
jobs, develops the
infrastructures of a
country, and plants a
sense of cultural
exchange between
foreigners and citizens.

16. NATURAL RESOURCE Income from natural resources, percent of GDP
 The natural resources
include oil, natural gas, coal,
minerals, and the forest.

17.  Services has been, by far, the biggest contributor to GDP, accounting for over 68 percent in 2018
In fiscal year (FY) 2017-2018, the percentage of ready-made garments (RMG)
contribution to gross domestic product (GDP) is 12.26% but it was only 2.74% in FY 1990-1991.
The average value for Education during that period was 1.68 percent of total GDB
Bangladesh still spends only 3.0% of its GDP in health sector
Poverty Data: Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, the population living below the national poverty line
dropped to 21.8% in 2018 from 24.3% in 2016.

18. DEVELOPMENT ISSUES
 Bangladesh has been experiencing a rapid increase in urban population, it is
expected to overtake the share of rural population by around 2040. Population
has been growing rapidly, the growth rate of crop sector has been declining.
 Environmental degradation is becoming alarming day by day, requires
considerable attention.
 Spending in the health sector in Bangladesh in global comparison is low. Basic
health services for all should be at an affordable cost.
 Child marriage (59 per cent, highest in South-Asia) prevents girls from realizing
their educational and earning potentials.

19.  Technology, research and innovation remain one of the major drivers for
sustained growth.
 Food quality
 Export – Import and Investment
 Public Transport
 Political abuse
 Corruption
 Free media
 Tourism

20. REFERENCES:
•https://www.worldometers.info/world-
population/bangladesh-population/
•https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics,
Religin & Geography_of_Bangladesh
•Https://www.theglobaleconomy.com/Bangladesh/
•https://data.worldbank.org
•https://www.thefinancialexpress.com.bd/views/ban
gladesh-development-perspectives-
implementation-challenges-1575126283
•https://www.textiletoday.com.bd/rmg-sectors-
contribution-gdp-downs-3-2/
•https://www.theglobaleconomy.com/Banglade
sh/share_of_agriculture/
•https://countryeconomy.com/countries/comp
are/hungary/bangladesh
•https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/bangl
adesh/overview

22. Thanksforyour time