Bangladesh

Healthcare Scenario of Bangladesh
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About Us
Hospaccx Healthcare Business Consulting Pvt. Ltd. is one of the most awarded Healthcare
Consulting firm. In last 10 years Hospaccx has done more than 120+ architecture projects &
360+ management consulting assignments.
Are you planning to build or restructure or venture in any healthcare venture in Bangladesh?
Looking for information about the major healthcare players in Government, Private diagnostic
centers that are available in Bangladesh? Are you looking to find out which part of the of the
city’s is best to venture in or what all facilities are available and what all should be planned for
new setup? In this article Hospaccx Healthcare Consultancy has mapped all on major players in
terms of medical facilities and healthcare scenario in Bangladesh.
Below is the superficial and macro level survey if you need a refined market and financial
feasibility or any other study related to healthcare is required you can contact Hospaccx
Healthcare business consulting Pvt. ltd on info@hhbc.in or hospaccx.india@gmail.com Or you
can visit our website on www.hhbc.in
Overview
Bangladesh is a developing country .Bangladesh officially the People’s Republic of Bangladesh,
is a country in South Asia. It shares land borders with India and Myanmar. Bangladesh is the
world’s eighth most populous country. Dhaka is its capital and largest city. Bangladesh forms
the largest and easternmost part of the Bengal region.
Most of Bangladesh is covered by the Bengal delta, the largest delta on Earth. Bengalis, who
speak the official Bengali language, make up 98% of the population. Bengali Muslims make the
nation the world’s third largest Muslim-majority country. Islam is the official religion of
Bangladesh.
Bangladesh Taka is the currency of the Bangladesh.
Bangladesh is the seventh-largest natural gas producer in Asia.

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Population Mix
In 2011 the population of Bangladesh was 144,043,697; of which 72,109,796 were males and
71,933,901 were females.
Life expectancy at birth (2017) was 71.6years, male 70.3 years and female 72.9 years.
In 2017, Birth rate and Death rate was 18.80 births/1000 population and 5.40 deaths/1000
population respectively.
Sex ratio was 970 per 1000 males.
Child sex ratio was 1040 per 1000 males.
Literacy Rate is 72.76% ; Female literacy rate was 69.90% and male literacy rate was
75.92%(2016) Compared to the rest of countries is number 114 in the ranking of literacy rate.
Mortality Rate of Bangladesh -2016
The Adult female and male mortality rate was 106.7 and 147.9 per 1000 individuals respectively.
Infant mortality rate was 28.2 per 1000 live births, neonatal and child under 5 age mortality
rate was 20.1 and 34.2 per 1000 live births respectively. Maternal mortality ratio was 196 per
100000 live births.
Bangladesh Medical and Dental Council registered health workforce 2012

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Connectivity
Air
Bangladesh has a number of airports: three international and several domestic and STOL (short
takeoff and landing) airports. The busiest, Shahjalal International Airport connects Dhaka with
major destinations.
Vulnerabilities
The majority of the territory is a low-lying delta plain traversed by an extensive network of large
and small rivers vital to the socioeconomic life of the nation, with hilly areas scattered in the
north and east. Bangladesh is known as the worst victim of the direct and indirect effects of
global climate change. The country faces a number of natural disasters on a regular basis,
chiefly floods, cyclones and tidal bores.
Economy
The market-based economy of Bangladesh is the 43rd largest in the world in nominal terms,
and 30th largest by purchasing power parity. Bangladesh’s economy is the second fastest
growing major economy of 2016, with a rate of 7.1%. Dhaka and Chittagong are the
principal financial centers of the country

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Growth Plans of Bangladesh
Padma Bridge
It is a multipurpose road-rail bridge across the Padma River under construction in Bangladesh. It
will connect Louhajong, Munshiganj to Shariatpur and Madaripur, linking the south-west of the
country, to northern and eastern regions. The project marked 65 percent progress in
constructing approach roads at Jajira, 73 percent at Mawa, main bridge and river training, 21
percent.
Metro Rail
20-km, Metro Rail project to be completed in 2020. The project covers the area from Uttara
North to Agargaon and between Agargaon to Motijheel.
Rooppur Nuclear Power
The 2400 megawatt nuclear power plant is under construction at Rooppur (Rupppur),
adjoining Paskey, in the Ishwardi Upazila of Pabna District, on the bank of the river Padma, 87
miles (140 km) west of Dhaka, in the northwest of the country.
Rampal Power Project
The Rampal power station is a proposed 1320 megawatt coal-fired power station at Rampal
Upazila of Bagerhat District in Khulna, Bangladesh. It is a joint partnership between India.
Deep Sea Ports
Deep water port has been planned in the area which will serve southern Bangladesh, as well as
neighboring countries like Nepal and Bhutan. Project is expected to complete by 2023.
Matarbari 1,200mw Coal Power Project
The government’s Coal Power Generation Company has acquired 1500 acres of land for the
project. Project to complete by 2022.

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The health system of Bangladesh is a pluralistic system with four key actors that define the
structure and function of the system: government, private sector, nongovernmental
organizations (NGOs) and donor agencies.
The Government or public sector is the first key actor which by constitution is responsible not
only for policy and regulation but for provision of comprehensive health services, including
financing and employment of health staff.
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, through the two Directorates General of Health
Services (DGHS) and Family Planning (DGFP), manages a dual system of general health and
family planning services through district hospitals, Upazila Health Complexes (with 10 to 50
beds) at subdistrict level, Union Health and Family Welfare Centres at union level, and
community clinics at ward level.
In addition, the Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Cooperatives manages
the provision of urban primary care services.
Quality of services at these facilities, however, is quite low due to insufficient allocation of
resources, institutional limitations and absenteeism or negligence of providers.
Dual practice by physicians in the public sector is a common behaviour in Bangladesh.
Diseases
According to the Bangladesh Maternal Health Services and Maternal Mortality Survey (BMMS),
major direct causes of maternal deaths in Bangladesh include postpartum haemorrhage,
eclampsia, obstructed or prolonged labor, complications of unsafe abortion, and other direct
and indirect causes. significant progress in improving child health has reduced the child
mortality rate.
Simultaneously with the demographic transition, Bangladesh is undergoing a health transition
and manifesting the double burden of disease (the combination of communicable and
noncommunicable diseases). NCDs such as asthma and COPD, stroke/paralysis, heart disease,
hypertension, diabetes, drowning, accident/injuries, and cancers were amongst the top 20
causes of death
The National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICRH), the national and referral centre
for cancer treatment in Bangladesh, reported that the most frequently cancer-affected organs

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among their male patients were lungs (27.1%), lymph nodes (9.6%), and oesophagus (6.15%),
while for females the most frequently cancer-affected organs were breast (26.3%), cervix
(21.1%) and lymph nodes and lymphatics (5.2%).
The estimated prevalence of diabetes is at 6.9%, with the vast majority being Type 2 diabetes.
The International Diabetes Federation estimates that by 2025, 7.4 million people in Bangladesh
will have diabetes, placing Bangladesh among the top ten countries for number of people living
with diabetes.
Bangladesh has one of the highest fatality rates internationally due to motor vehicles.
Mental health: There is no specific authority or commission to operate or supervise the mental
health service nationwide and no day treatment facilities for mental health care either. There is
only one mental hospital available in the country for a total of 0.4 beds per 100,000 population.
So, most of the patients seeking mental health care are managed in the usual health care
service delivery system. Depression, schizophrenia and mood disorders are the most prevalent
mental disorders there.
Distribution of health workforce
The existing health workforce in Bangladesh is very inequitably distributed. All significant health
institutions are located in the capital city which shows great centralization, while health
workers are concentrated in urban secondary and tertiary hospitals, although 70% of the
population lives in rural areas. The overwhelming urban bias of the distribution of qualified
professionals remains a persistent phenomenon. They are mainly concentrated in the urban
areas, and disproportionately in Dhaka division including the capital city.
On the other hand, unqualified/semiqualified allopathic practitioners such as village doctors
and Community Health Workers (CHWs) are mainly concentrated in rural areas. Drug shop
attendants are evenly distributed. There are also the usual stock of traditional healers and
trained/traditional birth attendants in rural areas.

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Distribution of Beds in Secondary and Tertiary Public Health Organizations – 2013
Distribution of Beds in Public Sector at Upazila Level and Below – 2013
The number of hospital beds indicates resources available for delivering care to patients
admitted to hospitals. A more recent estimate reported by the government is that on average
there is one bed for every 1699 people which is quite inadequate (2013). The public sector
health facilities in Bangladesh are poorly equipped with medical devices, instruments and
supplies.
Health system organization in Bangladesh
Public sector health services
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has an extensive health infrastructure. The service
delivery structure follows the country’s administrative pattern, starting from the national to the
district, upazila, union and finally to the ward levels. It provides promotive, preventive, and
curative services such as outdoor (outpatient), indoor (inpatient), and emergency care at
different levels – primary, secondary and tertiary.

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Private sector health services
In the private sector, providers can be grouped into two main categories. First, the organized
private sector (both for-profit and nonprofit) which includes qualified practitioners of different
systems of medicine. Apart from modern medicine, traditional medicine is widely practiced in
the private sector. Second, the private informal sector, which consists of providers not having
any formal qualifications such as untrained allopaths, homeopaths, kobiraj, etc., known as
Alternative Private Providers
Diagnostic Center
Along with private clinics and hospitals, the number of diagnostic centres in the private sector is
growing. There are some large diagnostic centers in the cities (Lab-aid, Popular Diagnostics)
providing laboratory and specialized radiological tests.
Government Hospitals in Bangladesh
Comilla Medical College and Hospital
205 bedded hospital established in 1979.
M Abdur Rahim medical college Hospital
It is one of the largest hospitals in the Northern part of Bangladesh. It is a 500-bed teaching
hospital. There are 17 operation theatres in the hospital, of which, 12 are general, two
emergency, one labour and two daily.
Medical College for Women and Hospital
Established in 1992, 500 bedded hospital.
Chittagong Medical College and Hospital
200 bedded Chittagong General Hospital established in 1901.

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Private Hospitals in Bangladesh
Square Hospital
Located in the middle of Dhaka, this hospital serves patients with number of foreign institutes
which work efficiently. It is spread across 18 stories with around 320 beds.
Apollo Hospital
This hospital is a part of the famous global firm which runs Apollo hospitals in many countries. It
is located in Dhaka and accredited by the world class JCI. It has the capacity to have 450 beds
and provides medical services in many domains.
Labaid Hospital
One of the very famous hospitals run by the Labaid Group, this has created a revolution in
cardiac treatment in Bangladesh. It is located in Dhaka with specialized facilities to treat various
kinds of ailments.
Ibn Sina Hospital
This hospital was established in the year 1983, in a small mode. Since then, it has grown to the
current position providing medical services in many areas, using top class facilities
Popular Hospital
This is a hospital attached to the “Popular Medical College” in Dhaka. It has a dedicated
treatment center as well as a world class lab.
Birdem Hospital
Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic
Disorders, shortly Birdem is a comprehensive health care provider located in the city of Dhaka.
BSMMU Hospital
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, shorting BSMMU has this attached hospital
which is located in Dhaka. This 10 storied building provides a casualty department, along with
many specialized treatment centers

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Single Specialty Hospitals
National Institute of Kidney Diseases and Urology
The hospital provides treatment facilities to the patients with kidney and urology diseases,
dialysis and transplantation. The hospital is financed by Government of People’s Republic of
Bangladesh.
National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital
It started its journey from September, 2012. 350 bedded hospital is situated in the health hub
of Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka. This is the only Govt. run tertiary care neuroscience center in
Bangladesh.
Medical Colleges in Bangladesh
1. Monno Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka
It is a non-profit private medical college in Bangladesh which was established in 2011. It is
affiliated with University of Dhaka.
2. Dhaka National Medical College (Oldest College)
It is an educational institution in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It was founded in 1925 as the Dhaka
National Medical Institute which was then situated near Bahadur Shah Park.
3. Southern Medical College & Hospital (SMCH), Chittagong
It was established in 2005 aiming to give nation a group medical graduates.
4. Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College
It came into existence in the year 2005. The college has got a 500 (five hundred) bedded
sophisticated teaching hospital providing all kind of medical services. This college is affiliated
with the Rajshahi University.

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5. Bangladesh Medical College, Dhaka
It was established in 1986, The College is affiliated with the Dhaka University as a constituent
college since 10 May 1988. Recognized by WHO.
Diagnostic centers in Bangladesh
IBN-Sina Medical Imaging Center
It was one of the largest diagnostic center in Bangladesh. It was established on May 1st, 1981
Lab Aid Diagnostic Center Ltd.
It has been in existence since 1989. s
Life Diagnostic Center
The medical centers providing the services in Dhaka are fully equipped with modern Medical
Check-up facilities and technologies are as per requirements of G.C.C (Gulf Co-operation
Council).

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Conclusion
Bangladesh has made enormous progress in healthcare. But mortality rate is still quite high,
there are emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases in the country. The poor governance,
inadequate health resources, disproportionate health service coverage impact on quality of
care. These are number of factors that hinder the healthcare improvement and which makes it
a needy nation in healthcare sector.
Due to a critical shortage of qualified healthcare providers and the costs of medical care, a large
proportion of poor patients seek treatment from informal providers who are mostly untrained.
Rural area that has major population has insufficient number of hospitals. There are needs of
fully equipped hospitals in rural areas with trained medical workers to provide them quality
service at affordable price. Co-ordination across systems delivering health services needs to be
improved in order to expand the service coverage across all segments of the population.

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