This document provides an overview of different types of musical ensembles, including orchestras, chamber ensembles, bands, vocal ensembles, opera, musical theater, and ballet. It discusses the typical instrumentation and roles of conductors for orchestras and chamber ensembles. It also briefly summarizes two classical works - Benjamin Britten's "Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra" and Henry Purcell's "Variations & Fugue on a Theme." The document appears to be slides from a lecture on musical ensembles.

1. Lecture Slides
THE ENJOYMENT OF MUSIC
ESSENTIAL LISTENING
EDITION
THIRD EDITION
by
Kristine Forney
Andrew Dell’Antonio
Joseph Machlis

2. Chapter 11
Musical Ensembles

3. Musical Ensembles: The Orchestra
• Western
symphony
orchestra
–strings
–woodwinds
–brass
–percussion

4. Symphony Orchestra
• Multiple players for
most instruments
• Generally highly
skilled, artistic
musicians
• Broad choices of
music

5. Musical Ensembles
• Instrumental chamber
ensembles
– string quartet
– duo sonata
– trio, quartet, quintet, etc.

6. Chamber Orchestras & Ensembles
• Fewer players than a symphony orchestra
• Often heard in smaller concert halls
• Music more intimate and clear than with larger orchestra
• Conductor leading group
• Fewer instruments, generally 2-20; usually not > 8
• Each player has own part
• No conductor
• Originally performed in people’s homes (called “salons”)

7. Musical Ensembles: Bands
• Wind
• Marching
• Rock
• Jazz

8. Vocal Ensembles
• Large Secular Groups
– Chorales
– Choral Societies
– Women’s and Men’s Choruses, Glee Clubs
– Collegiate Choirs
• Usually accompanied by piano, but sometimes by small orchestras
• Religious Choirs
– Large or small number of singers
– Often perform in churches
– Often accompanied by organ
– Worship or concert format
• Small Choirs
– Madrigal Choirs
– Chamber Singers (1 or 2 singers per part)
– Jazz Choirs
– A Cappella Choirs (no accompanist)

9. Recital
• One or two soloists, plus an accompanist is
typical
• Singers, pianists, violinists most common
• Famous Instrumentalists also perform recitals
(e.g., flute, cello)

10. Opera
• Singing: Soloists, Small
Ensembles, Chorus
• Dramatic Action
• Elaborate Costumes and
Sets
• Sung Poetry (Libretto)
• Orchestra
• Choreography--very
specific steps

11. Broadway Musical Theater
• Singing--Soloists, Small Ensembles, Larger
Chorus
• Spoken Lines
• Orchestra
• Staging and Sets
• Elaborate Costumes
• Elaborate Choreography

12. Ballet
• Blending of Arts: Sets,
Dance, Costumes, Music
• Highly Trained Dancers
• Orchestral
Accompaniment
• Based on a Story
• Choreography: Specific
movements, Steps, and
Combinations

13. The Role of the Conductor
• Leader of large
ensembles
• Time and tempo
• Baton
• Interpret
• The concertmaster

14. The Conductor
• Music scholar
• Communication
• Downbeat
• Conducting patterns
• Left hand expressions
• Cueing

15. Young Persons Guide to the Orchestra,
Op. 34(1946)-Benjamin Britten
• Englishman Britten wrote as introduction to the instruments
of the orchestra
• Variations & Fugue on a Theme of Purcell
• Used theme by Henry Purcell in thirteen variations

16. Listening Guide 1

17. Listening Guide 1

18. Lecture Slides
THE ENJOYMENT OF MUSIC
ESSENTIAL LISTENING EDITION
http://wwnorton.com/web/enjoyess2
THIRD EDITION
by
Kristine Forney
Andrew Dell’Antonio
Joseph Machlis