Morgan Advanced Materials, Ceramics Expo

www.morganadvancedmaterials.com
Improving safety in lithium-ion batteries
using thermally stable separators
including ceramic coatings
Ceramics Expo April 26, 2016
Richard Clark richard.clark@morganplc.com

Contents
• Overview of Morgan Advanced Materials
• Role and types of separators in lithium ion batteries
• Separators – market situation
• Introduction to advanced non-woven separators
• Questions
Morgan Advanced Materials Confidential Information 2
04/05/2016

Morgan Advanced Materials
Founded in England in 1856
Ticker on LSE: MGAM
2015 revenue: GBP911.8 million (USD1.3 billion)
2 Divisions and 6 Global Business Units
04/05/2016

Focus on technically demanding, growth markets
04/05/2016
Energy
Electronics
Healthcare
Transportation
Security and Defence
PetrochemicalIndustrial

04/05/2016
Morgan Advanced Materials
Global Business Units
Thermal Ceramics 
Molten Metal Systems
Electrical Carbon 
Seals and Bearings
Technical Ceramics 
Composites and Defense
Systems

 indicates GBU with one or
more LIB industry solutions

Contents
• Questions
04/05/2016

Ceramics in lithium-ion battery separators
In 2000, for ion permeable separators, the market was
essentially 100% polyolefin, but by 2015 ceramic is included
in 44% (by area)
04/05/2016
Separators
Ion conducting
Polymer (gel)
PVDF
Ceramic or
glass
NaSICON,
others
Ion permeable
Polymer
Porous:
PE / PP /
PVDF
Fibrous:
Non-woven
Ceramic /
composite
Alumina,
Zirconia,
Silica
Shift is primarily based on drive for safety and
market changes in product type and cell size
Market data from Christophe Pillot, Avicenne

Lithium-ion batteries and role of separator
04/05/2016
Source: Argonne National Laboratory, used under Creative Commons license
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/legalcode)
• Main battery components
• Anode
• Cathode
• Electrolyte
• Separator
• Separator has three jobs
• Barrier to electrodes
• Window to ions
• Reservoir for electrolyte
• Ideal separator would take up no space,
weigh nothing and be free!
• Separators also play a key role in battery
performance and in safety

Features of separators
04/05/2016
Characteristic Control parameters
Barrier to
electrodes
Thickness,
mechanical strength,
dielectric strength
Ion conduction Air permeability, ionic
resistance, tortuosity,
pore size, pore
distribution
Electrolyte
reservoir
Porosity, wettability
Feature Importance for battery
Chemical
stability
Safety, cycle life
Thickness and
pore size
Capacity and power
Shut-down
feature
Safety (thermal
runaway)
Thermal
stability
Low shrinkage, high
temperature integrity
Uniformity Cell balancing
Features data derived from Polypore 2012 Investor Day presentation; Market information supplied by and used with permission of Christophe Pillot, Avicenne, “The
Rechargeable Battery Market and Main Trends 2015 to 2025”, Lithium Battery International Summit, Shenzhen, China, April 9 to 12, 2016

Contents
• Questions
04/05/2016

Market situation and development
04/05/2016
LIB separator market, M$,
CAGR 2005/2015: +16%
Average selling price (2015) = US$1.24/m2
LIB separator supplier,
market share (US$) in 2015
Others: TDK/Nitto Denko, Foshan Jinhui Hi-Tech,
Shenzhen Senior Technology Material, Xinxiang Green
next Energy, DuPont,…
Information supplied by and used with permission of Christophe Pillot, Avicenne, “The Rechargeable Battery Market
and Main Trends 2015 to 2025”, Lithium Battery International Summit, Shenzhen, China, April 9 to 12, 2016

Continuing rapid growth – CAGR 12% for next decade
04/05/2016
Assumptions (1)From 900 million m² in 2015 to almost
3000 million m² in 2025
(1) Taking into account cell and pack process yield
Information supplied by and used with permission of Christophe Pillot, Avicenne, “The Rechargeable Battery Market and Main Trends 2015 to 2025”, Lithium Battery
International Summit, Shenzhen, China, April 9 to 12, 2016

The number of patent applications for lithium battery
separators has increased rapidly since 1990
04/05/2016
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Numberofapplications/
interval
Applications
Polyolefin
Cellulose
Ceramic
Non-woven
Notes:
a) Search conducted using PatSnap® of patent applications including “Separator” in title and
“Lithium” and “Separator” in claims - other terms listed were also in claims
b) “Polyolefin” search incorporated “Polyethylene”, “Polypropylene” and “PTFE”
c) “Ceramic” search incorporated “Alumina”
d) Numbers are of INPADOC family representatives

Contents
• Questions
04/05/2016

DreamWeaver Technology: Nanofiber nonwovens from
advanced fibers stable >500°C
04/05/2016
• Nanofiber on microfiber
• Nanofibers form good barrier
• Microfibers give open structure
• Good window
• Microfibers also add strength
• Has potential to be thinnest high
temperature separator in the world
Advantages
• Temperature stability
• Safety
• Chemical stability
• Rate capabilityImages and information provided by and used with
permission of Dr. Brian Morin, CEO, DreamWeaver

170°C hot box performance test
04/05/2016
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
0:00:00 0:14:24 0:28:48 0:43:12 0:57:36 1:12:00 1:26:24 1:40:48
Temperature(C)
PP Ceramic Temp Silver Temp Gold Temp
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
0:00:00 0:14:24 0:28:48 0:43:12 0:57:36 1:12:00 1:26:24 1:40:48
PP Ceramic Voltage Silver Voltage Gold Voltage
Temperature vs Time Voltage vs Time
Polyolefin separators failed at softening point of polymer. DWI separators did not fail.
Images and information provided by and used with

Nail penetration performance test
Voltage
04/05/2016
00
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
0:00:00 0:07:12 0:14:24 0:21:36
Voltage(V)
PP Voltage Ceramic PE Voltage
DWI Silver Voltage DWI Gold Voltage
15
35
55
75
95
115
135
0:00:00 0:07:12 0:14:24 0:21:36
Temperature(C)
PP Temp Ceramic PE Temp
DWI Silver Temp DWI Gold Temp
Temperature
DWI Silver & Gold maintained their voltage
and functionality during the test, unlike
polyolefin separators
DWI Silver & Gold had slower temperature
increase and reached a lower maximum
temperature than polyolefin separators Images and information provided by and used with

Nail penetration test – standard PP material
• Maximum cell temperature 75°C
• Significant shrinkage around nail
• Significant shrinkage far from nail
• Splitting character around nail
• Anisotropic tear characteristics
• Significant exposed electrode
04/05/2016
Images and information provided by and used with permission of Dr. Brian Morin, CEO, DreamWeaver

Nail penetration test – standard PE/Ceramic material
04/05/2016
• Maximum cell temperature 115 °C
• Significant shrinkage around nail
• Cracking and splitting around nail
• Isotropic strength character
• Significant exposed electrode

Nail penetration test – DreamWeaver Silver
• No shrinkage
• No cracking or splitting
• Physical damage from nail
penetration
• Some charring around nail
• No visible exposed electrode
04/05/2016

Nail penetration test – DreamWeaver Gold
• No shrinkage
• No cracking or splitting
• Physical damage from nail
penetration
• No charring
• No visible exposed electrode
04/05/2016

Nail penetration: what is happening
04/05/2016
• Prior to test, electrodes are isolated
• Nail closes circuit from aluminum to copper
• HEAT is generated
• Traditional Separator
• Heat melts and cracks separator
• Anode and cathode touch
• Electrical short persists
• Thermal runaway
• DWI Thermally Stable Separator
• Separator is stable: some charring, but no shrinkage
• Anode and cathode remain isolated
• Aluminum melts or oxidizes
• Electrical short is broken
• No thermal runaway
Aluminum shutdown breaks circuit
before separator failure creates
permanent closed circuit

www.morganadvancedmaterials.com
Questions?
23

Morgan Advanced Materials, Ceramics Expo

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (15)

Similar to Morgan Advanced Materials, Ceramics Expo

Similar to Morgan Advanced Materials, Ceramics Expo (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Morgan Advanced Materials, Ceramics Expo