Cardiomyopathy is a disease that affects the structure and function of the heart muscle. There are three main types: dilated cardiomyopathy which enlarges the heart ventricles, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy which causes thickening of the heart muscle, and restrictive cardiomyopathy which stiffens the heart muscle. Causes include genetics, infections, hypertension, alcohol use, and other factors. Symptoms vary depending on the type but can include fatigue, shortness of breath, irregular heartbeats, and fluid buildup. Diagnosis involves examinations, tests like echocardiograms, and biopsies. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms with medications, surgery in some cases, and lifestyle changes.
2. Definition
Cardiomyopathy constitutes a group of diseases that
directly affect the structural or functional ability of
the myocardium.
OR
Cardiomyopathy is an enlargement of the heart
Muscle.
3. Types of Cardiomyopathy
The World Health Organization has classified into
three major Types:
1.Dilated Cardiomyopathy
2.Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
3.Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
4. Cont…..
1.Dilated Cardiomyopathy
In the dilated cardiomyopathy the size of the ventricular
cavity enlarges with reduced cardiac output. Contractile
function decrease as the myocardial tissues is destroyed.
Blood moves slowly from the left ventricle which often
result in blood clot formation.
5. Cont…
2.Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy is the enlargement of the
cardiac muscle wall often of the septum and left ventricle.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy causes the ventricular wall to
be rigid which decrease ventricular filling.
14. Nursing Management
Maintain Normal Cardiac Function, Increasing activity
tolerance, relieve anxiety.
Monitor for any complication
Monitoring vital signs and symptoms of heart failure.
Advice to take proper nutrition
Provide emotional support and relieve anxiety
Avoid the sternous exercise and dehydration