Ag Mechanics Career Guide & Safety Manual

0
FFA Advisor & Instructor: Michael Pruden
Agriculture & Natural Resources
Intro to Ag, ANR I, and
ANR II
FFA Manual, Lab Manual, Note outline, Homework,
and forms

Table of Content
Introduction
 Safety
 Careers
ANR I
Animal Science
Livestock Judging
Livestock Management & Welfare
Plant Science
Forage Management
ANR II
Environment Conservation &
Management
Water Conservation & Management
Wildlife Conservation &
Management
Forestry Conservation &
Management
Agribusiness
Mechanics
Engines
Welding
Cutting
FFA
History
Bylaws
Forms

8/10/2016
1
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Unit 2
Career Options in
Agricultural Mechanics
America’s Number One Employer
• Millions of jobs in agriculture
• Many are off-the-farm agricultural jobs
• Efficiency of farm and nonfarm workers
allows the average American to use only 13
percent of income on food
Employment Opportunities
• Levels of employment
– laborer
– semiskilled
– skilled
– managerial
– professional
• Largest career areas
– marketing and sales
– scientists and engineers
Agricultural Clusters
• Agribusiness and agricultural production
• Agricultural sciences
• Renewable natural resources
Agribusiness and Agricultural
Production
• Divisions
– agricultural business and management
– agricultural mechanics
– agricultural production
– agricultural products and processing
– agricultural services and supplies
– horticulture
– international agriculture
– agribusiness and agricultural production
Agricultural Sciences
• Divisions
– general agricultural science
– animal science
– food science
– plant science
– soil science
– other agricultural sciences

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Renewable Natural Resources
• Divisions
– renewable natural resources
– conservation and regulation
– fishing and fisheries
– forestry production and processing
– forestry and related sciences
– wildlife management
– other
Categories of Jobs and Examples of
Titles
• Agricultural mechanics, general
• Agricultural electrification, power, and
controls
– electrician
– technician
– service company representative
• Agricultural mechanics, construction, and
maintenance skills
– lubrication specialist
– equipment repairperson
– shop foreperson
– safety specialist
Titles (continued)
• Agricultural power machinery
– equipment mechanic
– salesperson
– service representative
– local dealer
• Agricultural structures, equipment, and
facilities
– structural contractor
– appraiser
– maintenance supervisor
– construction supervisor
– waste handling specialist
Titles (continued)
• Soil and water mechanical practices
– agronomist
– appraiser
– conservationist
– ecologist / technician
– irrigation operator
– soil technician
• Other agricultural mechanics
Preparing for a Career
• You should…
– visit with people who use mechanical skills
– prepare a list of questions about the career
– discuss the career with as many people as possible
– develop a plan to learn the necessary skills
– learn technical information “what and why?”
– apply skills through shop/lab activities

8/10/2016
1
Unit 1
Mechanics in the
World of Agriculture
Introduction
• Agricultural mechanics
– Fundamental to the development of the agricultural
industry in the United States
– Enormous increase in efficiency due to the latest
innovations in mechanics
– Depends on many nonfarm workers for both goods and
services that help every U.S. farmer feed about 144
people per year
– Provide equipment, machinery, fertilizer, seed, money,
feed, research, and government services
The Agricultural Industry
• Produces animal and plant products
along with numerous related services
• Includes renewable natural resources
• Thousands of commodities made from
the raw products harvested in agriculture
• A basic industry; every person and many
industries rely on agriculture
Products
• Products of agriculture
– Food, oils, lumber, fiber, shrubs, ornamental trees,
flowers, leather, fertilizers, seed, feed, etc.
• Items formed from the products of
agriculture
– fabrics, plastics, glue, leather, paint, medicines,
automobiles, furniture, airplanes, stereos, computers,
construction supplies, landscaping supplies
Career Skills Needed for
• Academic and basic technical skills
• Personal management skills
• General citizenship and teamwork skills
Jobs in Agricultural Mechanics
• Engineer
• Forester
• Builder
• Electrician
• Soil conservationist
• Hardware store employee
• Air-conditioning and refrigeration specialist
• Designer and installer of field, turf, landscape, and golf
course drainage and irrigation systems
• Lawn equipment service mechanic
• Welder
• Mechanic

8/10/2016
2
The Influence of Mechanization
• Mechanization has played a major role in
improving aging production efficiency
– Efficiency: the ability to produce with a minimum
waste of time, energy, and materials
• Increases in efficiency due to the many
innovations in mechanics
Innovations in Mechanics
• Innovations in…
– wiring of buildings
– repairing of engines and equipment
– plumbing for water supplies/waste systems
– construction materials for buildings
– computer-controlled machines/robotics
• Increased efficiency in the future?
– Undoubtedly many changes to come for agriculture in
the twenty-first century
Inventions
• Reaper: invented in 1834 by Cyrus
McCormick to cut small grain crops
• Steel plow: invented in 1837 by John Deere
to break up the tough prairie sod
• Cotton gin: invented in 1793 by Eli
Whitney to remove the seeds from cotton
Inventions (continued)
• Barbed wire: developed by Joseph Glidden,
established ranches with definite boundaries
• Internal combustion engine: decreased the size
of machines while increasing their power output
(tremendous increase in efficiency)
• Refrigeration: allowed produce and meats to be
stored longer and transported long distances
Important Terms
• Agriculture: activities concerned with the
production of plants, animals, and the related
supplies and services
• Agricultural mechanics: use, maintenance, and
selling of power machinery, equipment, and
utilities used in agriculture
• Agriscience: the science involved with the
industry of agriculture
Important Terms (continued)
• Renewable natural resources: resources
provided by nature that can replace or renew
themselves
• Mechanical: having to do with a machine,
mechanism, or machinery
• Mechanic: person specifically trained to perform
mechanical tasks
• Mechanics: branch of physics dealing with
motion and the action of forces on bodies or fluids

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8/5/2016
1
Unit 5
Reducing Hazards in
The Fire Triangle
• Three components
– fuel
– heat
– oxygen
All three components must be present
at the same time for fire to occur
Preventing Fires
• To prevent, control, or stop fires
– Store fuels in approved containers
– Store fuels away from other flammable materials
– Store materials below their combustion temperature
– Use fire only in safe surroundings
– Put out fires by removing one or more elements in the
fire triangle
Fire Classes
• Class A: Ordinary combustibles
• Class B: Flammable liquids
• Class C: Electrical equipment
• Class D: Combustible metals
Types of Extinguishers
• Water: class A fires
• Carbon dioxide: class B fires
• Dry chemical: class A, B, and C fires
• Blanket: used to smother fires on animals or
humans
Extinguisher Labels
• Symbols
– Green triangle: class A
– Red square: class B
– Blue circle: class C
– Yellow star: class D

8/5/2016
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Location of Extinguishers
• A clean, dry location near an exit and within
easy reach
• Hung so that top is 3.5 to 5 feet above the
floor
• Hung so that bottom is at least 4 inches
above the floor
How to Use an Extinguisher
• For most extinguishers
– Hold upright
– Remove pin
– Stand 6 to 10 feet away from fire
– Direct nozzle toward base of fire
– Press lever
Extinguisher Safety
Precautions
• Inspect extinguishers monthly
• Watch for hazard signs
• Think before acting
• Call for help immediately
Signs of Danger
• Slow-moving vehicle emblem (SMV):
– Reflective orange triangle with red strip on all three sides
– Identifies vehicle under 25 MPH
Signs of Danger (continued)
• Package labels
– List important product information, hazards,
precautions, and instructions
– Keep materials in original containers with original
labels attached
– Always read label prior to use, disposal, or storage
Emergency Procedure for Fires
• Notify teacher
• Remain calm
• Activate fire alarm
• Call fire department
• Evacuate the area
• Use fire extinguisher(s) if possible

8/5/2016
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Emergency Procedure for
Accidents
• Send for help
• Call 911—ambulance or police
• Do not move victim unless they are in immediate
danger
• Try to awaken victim if unconscious
• Treat for shock
• Stop bleeding if present
• Perform CPR if no sign of breathing and/or
circulation
Important Terms
• Combustion: to burn
• Fuel: combustible material
• Heat: energy that causes the temperature to
rise
• Oxygen: a gas in the atmosphere
• Extinguished: put out
• CPR: cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Name:____________________________________
Date:_______________
Block:______________
Job Sheet/Performance Rubric
Exemplary
4 Points
Accomplished
3 Points
Developing
2 Points
Beginning
1 Point
Score
Safety
Student
follows all
safety
regulations
without
prompting.
Student
follows all
safety
regulations but
may require
limited
reminders or
prompting.
Student
follows all or
nearly all
safety
regulations but
requires
significant
reminders.
Student does
not follow
most safety
regulations.
Guideline
s
Student
properly
diagnoses
problem
according to
manufacturer
guidelines and
specifications
within
manufacturer-
specified time
limits.
Student
properly
diagnoses
problem
according to
manufacturer
guidelines and
specifications
but may take
additional
time.
Student
properly
diagnoses
problem
according to
manufacturer
guidelines and
specifications
with limited
assistance.
Student’s work
is not
performed to
manufacturer
guidelines and
specifications.
Diagnosi
s
Student
quickly and
accurately
diagnoses
problems and
accurately
determines
causes of
malfunction
based on
information
obtained from
resources.
Student
accurately
diagnoses
problems and
accurately
determines
causes of
malfunction
based on
information
obtained from
resources.
Student
diagnoses
problem with
limited
assistance.
With limited
assistance,
student
determines
causes of
malfunction
based on
information
obtained from
resources.
Student is
unable to
diagnose
problem.
Custome
r
Informati
on
Job Sheet
includes all
customer
information,
lists all
requested
repairs, and
contains
correct
calculations
with no items
missing.
Job Sheet
includes
customer
information,
lists requested
repairs, and
contains
correct
calculations
but may
include up to
two errors or
Job Sheet
includes
customer
information,
lists requested
repairs, and
contains
correct
calculations
but may
include up to
three errors or
Job Sheet
includes
customer
information,
lists requested
repairs, and
contains
correct
calculations
but may
include up to
four errors or

Name:____________________________________
Date:_______________
Block:______________
omissions. omissions. omissions.
Written
Informati
on
Written report
is accurate
and complete
and
demonstrates
thorough
understanding
of systems,
how they
operate, safety
procedures,
and
importance of
manufacturer
recommendati
ons.
Written report
is accurate
and complete
and
demonstrates
solid
understanding
of systems,
how they
operate, safety
procedures,
and
importance of
manufacturer
recommendati
ons.
Written report
is mostly
accurate and
complete and
demonstrates
understanding
of types of
systems, how
they operate,
safety
procedures,
and
importance of
manufacturer
recommendati
ons.
Written report
is inaccurate
and/or
incomplete or
indicates
limited to no
understanding
of types of
systems, how
they operate,
safety
procedures,
and
importance of
manufacturer
recommendati
ons.
Total Score /100
Comments:
Performing Routine Equipment
Maintenance and Repair Tasks Rubric
Rate the ability of the student to perform maintenance and repair tasks shown below using
the following scale:
4 Proficient – Can perform consistently and independently with proficiency of an
incumbent worker
3 Intermediate – Can perform the task but may require further practice to
become as proficient as an incumbent worker
2 Introductory – Can perform the task but some coaching and further training is
required
1 Limited – Can perform the task with extensive coaching; further training and
practice is required
Task Rating
Check engine oil level and condition
Check coolant level and concentration

Name:____________________________________
Date:_______________
Block:______________
Check hydraulic/transmission fluid and condition
Check pleated paper air filter
Check oil bath air filter
Assess machinery parts for wear or breakage
Recondition agricultural machinery
Activity Performance Rubric
Task to Be Performed____________________________________________________________
Possible
Points
Points
Awarded
Safety
Personal safety (glasses, clothing, etc.)
Safe use of tool
Safely performs the task
25
Performance of the task
Follows the task instructions
Performs the task efficiently
Performs the task satisfactorily
50
Lab maintenance
Area cleanup (clean and tidy)
Area organization (before, during, and after the task)
25
Total 100
Comments for Deductions:
Laboratory Safety Rubric
Scoring Criteria
The student does the following:
Excellent
4
Good
3
Needs
Improvement
2
Unacceptable
1
Uses safety equipment
Selects appropriate PPE
Wears protective clothing
Uses ANSI-approved eye protection
devices
Demonstrates fire extinguisher
operation
Subtotal for safety equipment

Name:____________________________________
Date:_______________
Block:______________
Maintains clean facility
Performs safety inspections
Keeps traffic area free of debris
Stores materials properly
Subtotal for facility cleanliness
Models appropriate behavior
Lists safety rules
Observes safety rules
Follows written directions
Follows oral directions
Plans work in advance
Observes surroundings
Maintains appropriate records
Uses proper lifting techniques
Subtotal for appropriate behaviors
Observes safety signage
Interprets color coding
Understands safety symbols
Observes safety zones
Locates fire extinguishers
Locates first-aid supplies
Subtotal for safety signage
Selects and uses tools
Identifies proper tools
Uses proper tools
Rejects unsafe tools
Carries tools properly
Cleans tools after use
Replaces tools upon completion
Observes electrical safety
Subtotal for tool selection
Exercises caution with
hazardous chemicals
Observes label precautions
Handles chemicals properly
Provides adequate ventilation
Subtotal for chemical safety
Summative Total
Adapted from Rubric Toolkit for Agricultural Science and Technology, Texas A&M University
Instructional Materials Service
Notes:

Name:____________________________________
Date:_______________
Block:______________

8/5/2016
1
Unit 4
Personal Safety in
A Safe Workplace
• Most injuries can be avoided!
• Precautions
– Install all electrical devices properly
– Install machines according to specifications
– Keep tools and equipment in good repair
– Provide proper storage
– Keep work areas clean
– Keep moving parts shielded
– Avoid the potential for falling objects
– Avoid areas where debris could be thrown by machines
– Use protective clothing and safety devices
– Move around shop slowly
– Read and heed all precautions
Color Coding System
• Developed by the American Society of
Agricultural Engineers and the Safety
Committee of the American Vocational
Association
• Used to
– alert to danger
– help locate objects
– make a pleasant work environment
– promote cleanliness and order
– help reaction time in emergency situations
Color Codes
• Red = danger: safety switches and fire equipment
• Orange = warning: machine hazards, electrical
switches, levers, and controls
• Yellow = caution: machine controls
Yellow and black stripes—mark stairs, protruding
objects, and stationary hazards
• Blue = information: warning or caution signs
Color Codes (continued)
• Green = safety: location of safety
equipment and materials
• Black and yellow diagonal stripes =
radioactivity
• White/white and black stripes =
traffic areas
• Gray: floors, machine bodies, work
surfaces
Focal Colors
• Ivory: highlight or improve visibility
• Vista green: bodies of machines, cabinets,
and stationary tools
• Aluminum: waste containers

8/5/2016
2
Protective Clothing
• Safety glasses/face shield
• Contained hair
• Coveralls (no cuffs, strings, or ties)
• Apron
• Shop coat
• Appropriate footwear
• Gloves
• Hard hat
• Mask/respirator
• Earmuffs/earplugs
Important Terms
• Safety: freedom from accidents
• Focal color: used to draw attention to large
items
• Noise intensity: the energy present in
sound waves
• Noise duration: the length of time a person
is exposed to a sound
• Decibel: standard unit of sound

Name:
Date:
Period:
Presentation Rubric
Criteria 1 2 3 4 Score
Presenta✀☀on Unorganized;
does not flow;
hard to follow;
does not account
for the knowledge
of the audience;
bland; no use of
color or graphics
Ideas are organized,
but presenta✀☀on
requires further
explana✀☀on to
follow; some use of
color and graphics;
obvious
improvement
needed
Appropriately
organized; some
improvement
needed to
clearly
understand the
topic;
appropriate use
of graphics
Presenta✀☀on flows
easily and can be
understood easily
by the audience;
good use of color
and graphics; all
required
informa✀☀on is
present

Cleanliness Unorganized
experimenta✀☀on;
poor lab skills;
messy and
unorganized
report; lacks
direc✀☀on
Ideas are organized,
but presenta✀☀on
requires further
explana✀☀on to
follow; poor lab
skills; obvious
improvement
needed
Appropriately
organized; some
improvement
needed to
clearly
understand the
topic; only a few
errors in lab
skills
Report flows easily
and is easily
understood; good
lab skills; all
required
informa✀☀on is
present

Knowledge of
the Topic
Li䨀䘀le to no
understanding of
the project;
shows lack of
interest and
research; unable
to answer
ques✀☀ons on the
topic
Basic understanding
of the task; very li䨀䘀le
interest (too easy);
unable to sufficiently
answer ques✀☀ons
Adequate
understanding of
the task;
appropriate
informa✀☀on for
the audience;
could be further
studied
Ques✀☀ons
answered easily;
informa✀☀on
appropriate for the
audience; shows
interest and good
investment of ✀☀me

Thoroughness No understanding
of the science
involved; did not
include all topics
Poor understanding
of the science; one
reference; only a
couple of topics
researched
Decent
explana✀☀on of
the science; two
references; most
topics present
Effec✀☀ve
explana✀☀on of
science; all topics
present

Accuracy Incorrect facts
throughout the
presenta✀☀on; no
data inclusion
One or two correct
facts, but primarily
poor informa✀☀on;
poor representa✀☀on
of data
A few incorrect
facts, but
effec✀☀ve overall
presenta✀☀on;
should improve
representa✀☀on
of data
Complete factual
informa✀☀on; good
overall
presenta✀☀on and
representa✀☀on of
data

Total
Date__________________________________________________
Teacher comments:
Mississippi CTE Unit Plan Resource Page 147 of 222
Agriculture

8/5/2016
1
Proper Use of Agricultural
Chemicals
Importance of Ag Chemicals
• Modern agriculture depends upon the proper
use of chemicals to aid in the production of
crop plants and livestock.
Safety
• Chemicals are safe if handled and applied as
recommended.
• Some of these chemicals can be very
harmful if used or cared for improperly.
Types of Chemicals
• Two major types of chemicals
– Fertilizers
– Pesticides
Fertilizers
• Fertilizers: provide nutrients needed for plant
growth.
• By far, fertilizers are the most widely used of all
agricultural chemicals.
Fertilizers
• Types of fertilizers:
– Organic: Derived from plant or animal materials
– Inorganic: chemical in dry (solid), liquid, or gas form

8/5/2016
2
Maize Weevil, USDA - ARS
Pesticides
• Pesticides – control unwanted
insects, plants and other pests.
• Pesticides cause more injuries,
contaminate more water, and
pollute more air than do
fertilizers, but account for less
than 3% of all the agricultural
chemicals sold.
Pesticides
• Common types of pesticides:
– Insecticides – control insects
– Herbicides – control weeds
– Fungicides – control fungi
– Rodenticides – control rodents
– Avicides – control birds
– Bactericides – control bacteria
Pesticides
• Classifying Pesticides According to Their Toxic
Effect
• Toxicity – the degree of poisonous effect to
warm-blooded animals.
• The higher the toxicity, the more poisonous is
the pesticide.
• Signal words, used on labels to indicate toxicity,
include danger, warning, and caution.
Chemical Safety
• Chemical Signal Words
• DANGER – chemicals of high toxicity, which
may cause death, have an approximate lethal
dose of 1 taste to 1 teaspoon. The label of a
highly toxic pesticide will show a skull with
crossbones and carry the word “Poison”
printed in red.
Chemical Safety
• WARNING – chemicals of moderate toxicity,
which may cause serious illness, have an
approximate lethal dose of 1 teaspoon to 1
fluid ounce.
• CAUTION – chemicals of low toxicity, which
may cause illness, have an approximate lethal
dose of 1 ounce to more than 1 pint.
Poisoning
• Ways that Poisoning Occurs
• Pesticides have various effects on the body
including skin irritation, nausea, blindness,
other illness, and even death.
• Toxic materials enter the body by ingestion,
dermal contact, and inhalation.

8/5/2016
3
Ingestion
• Ingestion – poison enters the body by
swallowing.
• Ingestion may be avoided by:
• Keeping pesticides in proper
containers with the proper label
• Waiting until the safety interval has
passed before eating anything treated
with pesticides
Safety Procedures
• Posting a sign in the garden area showing when it is safe to
eat produce
• Thoroughly washing your hands and face with soap and water
before eating
• Refraining from smoking, chewing gum, or eating snacks
while working with pesticides
• Not using your mouth to clean the low- pressure nozzles or
other parts of the equipment.
Dermal Exposure
• Dermal Contact – absorption of chemical through the skin.
• Absorption can take place when mixing, applying, or handling
a pesticide, by wearing contaminated clothing, by the
drifting of the pesticide, or by entering an area where the
reentry interval has not expired.
Dermal Exposure
• Dermal exposure is prevented by:
• Avoiding splashes, drift, and reentry of pesticide
• Not reusing contaminated clothing
• Wearing the proper type of clean clothing each day and change
clothing during the day if necessary
• Washing the tractor seat cushion if it becomes contaminated; and
• Using below 50 psi when spraying and applying pesticides when
the wind is less than 3 ½ mph.
Inhalation
• Inhalation – breathing in spray particles,
vapors, and dust.
• Three most common ways to inhale
pesticides are:
– smoking tobacco that has become
contaminated
– breathing smoke from burning pesticide
materials
– being in the drift during spraying or dusting
Photo by Keith Weller, Agricultural Research Service, USDA
Prevention of Inhaing
• To prevent inhaling chemicals, one should:
• wear a respirator when applying chemicals
• avoid smoking materials.

8/5/2016
4
Protective Clothing & Equipment
• Wearing the proper protective clothing will help
prevent poisoning.
• Clothing Examples:
• Hat or cap
• Goggles
• Respirator
• Gloves
• Boots
• Aprons
Symptoms of Pesticide Poisoning
• Mild Poisoning – headache; irritation to skin, eyes, nose, and
throat; weakness; nausea; diarrhea; and dizziness.
• Moderate Poisoning – poor muscle coordination; rapid pulse;
blurred vision; flushed skin; stomach cramps; vomiting; and
muscle twitches.
• Severe Poisoning – convulsions; lack of ability to breathe; loss
of consciousness; secretions from the mouth; and fever.
General First Aid Procedures
• When first aid instructions are not available
on a pesticide container, the following
general first aid procedures can be applied:
Have someone contact help while first aid is
being administered. DO NOT leave the victim
unattended.
 If the victim has stopped breathing,
administer artificial respiration.
If poisoning is the result of dermal contact,
remove clothing and thoroughly wash the
affected area with soap and water.
 If the pesticide contacts the eyes, wash the
eyes with low pressure running water for at
least 15 minutes.

8/5/2016
5
 If poisoning is the result of swallowing, call the
nearest poison control center, family doctor, or
hospital for emergency instructions. Be prepared
to identify the pesticide product using the label.
 On successful application of the first aid
procedures, transport the victim to the nearest
medical facility.
General First Aid Procedures Storage and Disposal of Pesticides and Their
Containers
• Pesticides should be stored in a building or
room that can be locked and posted with
warning signs.
• Use original containers with storage labels
intact
• Place containers in small stacks
• Store powder and granular pesticides on
shelves to prevent caking
• Store insecticides apart from herbicides and completely
away from feed, seed, and other supply areas
• Keep away from fire and do not smoke in pesticide treated
areas;
• Wear protective clothing when working in storage area; and
• Dispose of containers according to label directions.
Storage and Disposal of Pesticides and Their
Containers Importance of Pesticide Label
• Federal law requires labels on all pesticide
containers, except for relatively non-toxic
products.
• These labels contain information for the proper
use, storage, and disposal of chemicals and
should be carefully read.
Safety Practices in Handling
Fertilizers
• Handling fertilizers usually is not considered
as dangerous as handling pesticides.

8/5/2016
6
• However, when handling fertilizers, safety
practices should be followed and extreme
care is required when handling anhydrous
ammonia and aqueous ammonia.
Fertilizers
• When working with solid or dry type fertilizers, follow safety
practices.
• Wear protective clothing such as a cap, long sleeve shirt,
heavy trousers, gloves, and respirator.
• Stand upwind when filling fertilizer hoppers.
• Pull the fertilizer spreader to keep dust from blowing toward
the tractor and operator.
Fertilizers
• Do not check the spreader at close range when the spinner
mechanism is in operation.
• Wash and bathe by using soap and water and change clothes
daily when working with fertilizers.
Fertilizers

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
1. What is an SAE and how does it help agricultural students?
2. List six career options for agricultural students.
3. What are the four skills required for effective communication?
4. What are three common job search tools?
® 2013 by American Technical Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
5. What is the purpose of career pathways within the AFNR Career Cluster?
6. What is the purpose of a résumé?
7. What is the main purpose of an employment interview?
8. List at least three agricultural commodities.

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
9. List five systems that are focused on by the FFA Foundation’s career development events (CDEs) for
agricultural mechanics.
10. What is the PST systems pathway and how is it applied to students of agricultural disciplines?
11. List three common materials found in agricultural applications.
12. List three applications for concrete in agricultural locations.

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
1. What is the name of the government agency that requires all employers to provide a safe environment
for all their employees?
2. What is the difference between a code and a standard?
3. Why must loose fitting clothing and long hair be secured when working around agricultural machinery
and equipment?
4. What is the difference between safety glasses and a face shield?

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
5. What is an NRR in relation to hearing protection?
6. List three common tasks when working with agricultural equipment that requires hand protection.
7. What is the main cause of most back injuries?
8. What are the most common hydrocarbon-based materials used in agricultural applications?

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
9. What is the NFPA Hazard Signal System?
10. What are four methods that can be used to prevent occupational irritant contact dermatitis?
11. What is electrical shock?
12. What is the main cause of fires?

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
13. What is the purpose of a GFCI?
14. List three situations where lockout/tagout must be used.
15. Why do single ladders have limited versatility?
16. What is the maximum intended load of a scaffold?

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
17. Explain the purpose of a lifeline.
18. List five different confined spaces.
19. List four symptoms of heat exhaustion.
20. List four symptoms of heat stroke.

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
1. List five common marking and scribing tools.
2. What is the difference between a level surface and a plumb line?
3. List four recommendations for proper care and safe use of pliers.
4. Why must nails be staggered, rather than aligned, when nailed into the end of a board?

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
5. What is the main advantage of a heavy-duty stapler over a hammer and nails?
6. What is the easiest method that can be used to determine the number of teeth or points per inch on a
saw blade?
7. What is difference between the heads of a star-shaped (Torx
®
) screwdriver and a cross-slot (Phillips)
screwdriver?
8. What is the meaning of the adage “measure twice, cut once”?

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
9. What is a square gauge?
10. What type of hatchet is most commonly used when performing general carpentry work?
11. List three types of chisels.
12. List six common squaring tools.

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
13. What two types of metal are used to make diestock?
14. What is the main difference between a rasp and a file?
15. What is the difference in the cutting action of sheet metal snips and aviation snips?
16. List three types of specific prying tools.

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
17. What is the main difference between a tape rule and a steel tape?
18. What is a coping saw used for?
19. What is the main difference between a carpenter’s level and a plate level?
20. What is the main difference between a straight-claw and curved-claw hammer?

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
21. List three types of smoothing tools.
22. List eight types of pliers.
23. List seven types of clamps.
24. What is the purpose of the design of a dead blow hammer?

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
25. What is the difference between a tap and a drill?

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
1. What is a center point test?
2. List four different types of abrasive materials used with belt sander belts.
3. List the three configurations of powder-actuated tools.
4. How does a contact-trip pneumatic nailer operate?

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
5. How is the size of a power drill determined?
6. Why do pneumatic-driven nails have more holding power than hammer-driven nails?
7. What is a major disadvantage of using carbide-tipped saw blades?
8. How is a sanding belt’s grit number identified?

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
9. How does a powder-actuated tool drive fasteners into place?
10. What type of saw is designed to cut curved lines and circular and rectangular openings in thin,
rigid material?
11. List three types of pneumatic nailers.
12. List the three calibers of powder-actuated charges.

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
13. What is the main advantage of clipped-head nails over round-head nails when used with a framing nailer?
14. List two types of circular saws.
15. Explain why a hammer drill works better than a variable-speed drill for drilling holes in concrete.

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
1. Which type of saw is most often used on medium to large projects where a large volume of cutting
operation is required?
2. What is a miter gauge?
3. What is the difference between a standard miter saw and a compound miter saw?
4. How high should the saw blade on a table saw protrude above the stock being cut?

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
5. What is the purpose of the recirculating coolant used with a band saw?
6. What is the purpose of a band shear that includes a welding and annealing station on a band saw?
7. What is the recommended working clearance for the front and back of a band saw?
8. List six operations that can be used to finish or modify a drilled hole.

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
9. What is the most common type of metal used for constructing agricultural equipment and structures?
10. What is the purpose of the carriage on a lathe?
11. List the two main reasons that a lathe cutting tool must be ground to a precise form.
12. What is the difference between a bench grinder and a surface grinder?

Name_______________________________________ Date______________
13. What is a radial arm saw also referred to as?
14. What is a chop saw?
15. What are the most common blade sizes for radial arm saws?

teched101 'com
!3
h;
E DON'T use a file without a
HANDLE.
n DON'T pry or hammer with
a FILE. lt maY shatter'
fl DON'T use screwdrivers
as chisels or PrY bars'
fl DON'T trY to increase Your
leverage bY using a
"cheater" with a wrench.
Wrenches are designed
at the right strength for
their size and length'
n AFTER USING A T00L -
clean it and return it to its
proper storage Place'
f lf anything breaks or
malfunctions
- rePort it
to your instructorAT ONCE.
fl Use the RIGHT TYPE of tool for the job'
E NEVER place tools & materials where they
hang on the edge of a bench.
fl Don't use tools for things they weren't meant for'
I Store tools and materials vertically, with the
points and heavY end down'
D Cut away from yourself when you use chisels
and other edged tools'
fl DON'T FORCE screws; make sure that the
correct screw for the job is being used'
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14 pHotocopY&DtsTRtBtIETHls
r{S MATERIAL TO YOUR STUOEI{TS
-- osltoExlAtttAqE 9cul,umcAncs &r0r
TEGHffiO[OGY
MIJGAtrilMN
Bask Salety Rules Fot lfand looh
D ALWAYS WEAR EYE
PROTECTION.
I Wear the RIGHT SAFETY
EQUIPMENT for the job.
I Use tools that are the
RIGHT SIZE & RIGHT
TYPE for your job.
I Follow the correct
procedure for using
EVERY tool.
I Keep your cutting tools
SHARP and in good
condition,
I DON'T work with O|LY or
GREASY hands.
I Handle SHARP'EDGED
and POINTED TOOLS
with care.
I Always carry pointed tools by your side with
the points and heavY ends DOWN.
I SECURE all small work & short work with a
vise or clamp.
f NEVER carry tools in your pockets.
I DON'T use tools which are L00SE or
CRACKED.
I KEEP your punches & chisels in good
condition. Mushroomed heads can chip &
cause injuries.

-
I
:-'# F#Wffiffi
I Basic SaletY Rules
I I fl:ilffi,:?':f,1,,:l3lllT.,il11'#?r,J;, ":fflx'Jl:t':ii?"':T;::il;ilT'*1
fire'fighting agent for each type of fire:
I 'sfi::l:ffilhrinilf;i; " ::rff:]:ffTffl;Li::Ttilil;ilTi:'on'
Class C
- electrical equipmen'
,3. Handle sharp-edged tools & pointed tools
I z. Always wear eye protection. Even if you're with care. cl"v iointed tools with the points
- not doing anything, otner people are and a down' carry all tools so they don't pose a
I :lf:i:,ffiffi;;;;Jtarirom
their job danger to the peopre around vou'
I 3. Arways crean up.sawdust; it can be just as '* l:HTr1?:fi|uinttnt
that doesn't seem to
-i' slippery as a spilled liquid' oil or grease'
15. Report all injuries, no matter how slight,
I ' 4. Don't use screwdrivers as chisers or pry bars' lf:*:l;:::'':Ht'i:T;ff:'fi:fllrTlL
I
I
I
5. Never carry sharp tools in your pockets'
6, Wear suitable clothing' Remove or fasten
loose clothing, neckties, or jewelry' Roll
loose sleeves to elbows'
7. Don't work with oily or greasy hands'
8. Plan your work before you start' lf you're
cutting a large piece of wood, ask for help
beforJyou start cutting' Don't wait until
you're in trouble'
9. Secure all small work & short work in a vise
or with a clamP.
'10. Don't pry or hammer with a file' lt may shatter'
proPerlY treated'
16. Wear the proper safety equipment for the job'
17. Keep the aisles clear' Don't leave extension
cords where someone could trip over them' lf
they must go across an aisle, fasten them to
the floor'
18. Place oily rags & other combustible materials
in aPProved metal containers'
19, Cut away from yourself when you use chisels
and other edged tools'
20. Don't distract or crowd around people while
theY're working'
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teched101 'com
@ 200 1 SruoelrrAwnRe Cot"tt"tuNlcArloNs' I Nc'

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Name
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
The following questions are based on the infomation presented by the Mississippi Farm Bureau
Safety Specialist. Answer the following questions as tiue or false by circling i11g word .,True
orFalse". Each question wilr count two (2) points each for atotalof 100 points.
Date Score
20. It is okay to reach and feel under the mower deck to check to see if the
blade is turning.
21 . Never fill a fuel container while it is placed in the bed of a truck,
trunk of a car, in the back of vans, or in the back of an suv.
22. Always store any flammable liquid,s in a well ventilated area away
from the house.
1. It only takes one milliamp to stop a person's heart from beating.
2. Generators are not as dangerous normal electrical outlets.
3. Anyone can do electrical work if they possess the skills necessary.
4' A''y time you move equipment w-e should check for overhead power
lines.
5. More gang green is found in rarger wounds than small wounds.
6. Always wash a wound with wair water and soap immediatery.
7. You should never have to change a bandage arte, it is appried.
8. wearing jervelry can cost a person the ross of fingers, hundr, and arms
if caught on equipmenr.
9' You should never remove jewerry before working with equipment.
10. Hydraulic hoses can be taped if cracked o, *o-.
I L Never service equipment because it will last just as long as it would ifyou changed it on a regular schedule.
72. Always clean shop area before starting work and after work is done.
13. stepping over hoses and cords is okay as long as you are careful not
to trip.
14. rt only takes an object traveling 10 MpH to knock vour eve
out ofyour head.
15. Safety glasses sho,u.ld be worn any.time you are striking an object or
there is a possibility of an object being propeiled through the air.
caution should be used at anltime when handling chemicfls.
Always read owners manual before boosting a oeaa baftery on any
vehicle.
Never allow a lawn mower to cool before refiiling with gasoline.
It is safe to store gasoline in any container such as milkiugs and drink
bottles.
t6.
1,7.
18.
19.
/.).
1/l
An approved container for gasoline will be colored red.
An approved container for diesel will be colored sreen.
objects traveling out of the exit chute of a moweican travel up to 200
MPH or 300 feet per second.
Farm Bureau Safety Test written by chris Shivers and yancie Ross 6114/04 May be duplicated.

J-
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or Faise
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
True or False
26. Never mow in the same area where any person can be struck by a
flying object.
27 . The safest place to approach a pelson on a tractor or mower is from the
back of the machine
28. It is safe to carry passengers on a riding mower'
29. Before upprou"hittg a machine that is being operated you should wait
for the machine to stop and be turned off before talking to the
operator.
30. Any machine can be modified to perform any task desired by the
opelator.
31. Always tum equipment off before servicing or working on it.
32. Always leave ih.-k"y in the ignition of equipment while working on it
so You won't loose it'
33. Always leave the PTO guards and shields in place or install them
before using equiPment.
34. Always wear loose clothing when u'orking around any machine'
35. To make a tractor dig a hole faster it is okay to apply pressure to a
post hole auger by leaning on, standing on, sitting on' or pushing
the auger bY hand.
36. Never kick dirt from around the auger while it is turning to see how
deep of a hole You are digging'
37. When working with hay equipment never pull string or kick straw
from the teeth of the machine while it is running'
38. It is always safe to carry apassenger on a tractor at any time.
39. People, being run over by a tractor is the second leading cause of
death in farm accidents.
40. All tractors made today over 30 brake horsepower are required to
have a properly installed and working ROPS
4I. LROPS includes a roll bar and safety seat belt'
42. If atractor does not have a ROPS then you must still wear a seat belt'
43. lf atractor is equipped with an enclosed cab then you do not have to
wear your seat belt while you operate the tractor'
44. When carrying materials in a front-end-loader bucket or hay on a hay
forkyoumustcarrytheloadashighaspossibleSoyoucansee
where You are going to be safe'
45. Always wear a traid hat when working in an area where work is being
done overhead.
46. When handling animals, you should treat them as pets that do not pose
any threat of danger'
47. ATV;s are becoming un imporlant machine on farms and should be
respected like any other piece of equipment'
48. ATV',s that are designed to carly one percon should never be ridden
by more than one Person.
49. Helmet and eye protections are the two most important pieces of
safety equipment for riders of ATV's
I
I
t-
I Farm Bureau safety Test wnffen by chris Shivers and Yancie Ross 6/14104. May be duplicated'

50. fuders of ATV's should follow the recommended age limits for the
particular machine that is being used as prescribed by the
manufacturer.
True or False
C
3
Farm Bureau Safety Test written by Chris Shivers and Yancie Ross 6114/04' May be duplicated.

8/5/2016
1
Unit 6
Shop Cleanup and Organization
A Clean and Orderly Shop
• All students follow cleanup signal
• Benches cleared and clean
• Machines clean
• All tools and equipment properly cleaned and stored
• Lumber, metal, and other construction materials stored
• Projects and related materials in their approved place
• Floor is clean, and trash is in the proper container(s)
• Cabinets and storage areas locked
• Sinks and restrooms clean and orderly
• Students waiting in an orderly manner for dismissal
Reasons for Shop Cleanup
• Personal safety
• Efficient learning
• Time efficiency
• Student comfort and convenience
• Maintenance of tools and equipment
Equipment Needed
• Brooms, mops, and vacuum cleaners
• Bench brushes
• Dust collection and chip removal system
• Metal cans
• Storage cabinets
• Scoop shovels and dustpans
• Varsol
• Sawdust
• Rags
• Storage racks
• Cabinets or fenced areas for project storage
Cleanup Tasks
• Put away tools and materials
• Clean all paintbrushes
• Start at farthest point and work toward trash collection area
(including high areas)
• Sweep using short strokes
• Vacuum machines
• Oily rags in closed metal containers
• Absorb any liquid spills
• All trash in metal containers
• Clean all sink areas
• Store all cleanup equipment properly
Cleaning Systems
• All-pitch-in method
• Cleanup-wheel method
• Assignment-sheet method

8/5/2016
2
Effective Systems
• For a cleanup system to work well
– Assign a person to every task
– Fair distribution of assignments
– Rotation of assignments
– Cooperation
– Record of performance
– Clean and safe shop at the end of each and every work
period
Important Terms
• Silhouettes: colored outlines of each tool on the
wall
• Flammable materials cabinets: automatically
closing steel cabinets that safely store flammable
liquids
• Vertical racks: permit storage of both long and
short items
• Brooms, mops, brushes, scoop shovels,
dustpans: standard cleanup tools in the shop

8/5/2016
1
Unit 3
Shop Orientation and Procedures
The Shop as a Place to Learn
• Essentials for safety and efficiency
– good lighting
– adequate electrical power
– grounded electrical outlets
– sturdy benches/work surfaces
– vise
Agricultural Shop Operations
• Categories
– hand tools and power equipment
– woodworking and carpentry
– metalworking
– structural steel and welding
– pipe fitting
– rope work
– machinery maintenance and repair
– painting and finishing
– electrical wiring, motors, and applications
– hydraulic and pneumatic applications
Agricultural Power Machinery
• Shop needs large, open spaces
• Provide opportunities for hands-on learning
• Activities to include selection, management,
and maintenance of
– gas and diesel engines
– trucks, tractors, field machines
– feed-handling equipment
– crop storage and equipment
– machines used in horticulture
– other mechanical devices
Agricultural Electrification
• Electricity—a form of energy that can produce
heat, light, magnetism, and chemical changes
• Increases efficiency when used to operate
machines
• Need electrical knowledge:
– selection, installation, and maintenance of wiring and
equipment
Agricultural Buildings
and Equipment
• Scale drawing
• Plan reading
• Farmstead layout
• Functional requirements of buildings
• Concrete
• Soil and water management

8/5/2016
2
Major Work Areas in the Shop
• Tool storage
• Materials storage
• Woodworking
• Finishing
• Metalworking
• Electricity
• Machine repair
• Spray painting
Safe Procedures in the Shop
• Sufficient size to accommodate students and
work
• Proper instruction on the use of all tools and
machines
• Learn and discuss shop policies and
procedures
• Make teacher aware of any allergies or
physical limitations
Shop Policies and Procedures
• Safe conduct and dress
• Safe machine use
• Safe materials handling
Important Terms
• Hands-on experience: learning by doing instead
of just reading
• Scale drawing: object representation on paper
• Plan reading: using a scale drawing to build the
project
• Farmstead layout: efficient arrangement of farm
buildings
• Concrete: a mixture of portland cement, water,
sand, and stone
Important Terms (continued)
• Safe: free from harm or danger
• Efficient: able to produce with a minimum
use of time, energy, and expense
• Policy: plan of action or management
• Procedure: method of doing something;
a particular course of action

Ag Mechanics Career Guide & Safety Manual

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Ag Mechanics Career Guide & Safety Manual