Project loon
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Project loon
- 1. Project loon balloon powered internet for everyone
- 2. CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. History 3. Technology 4. Design 5. How loon moves? 6. How loon connects? 7. The pilot test 8. Advantages 9. Disadvantages 10. Conclusion
- 3. As two-thirds of the world’s population does not yet have internet access, “ Google’s Project Loon” – a network of balloons travelling on the edge of space – is designed to connect people in rural and remote areas. Introduction
- 4. History of Project Loon In 2008, Google considered contracting Space Data Corp, but didn't do so 2011, the unofficial development of the project began under Google X Labs 14 June 2013, Google announced this as an official project 16 June 2013, A pilot experiment happened in New Zealand and about 30 balloons were launched
- 5. Technology Can provide connectivity to a ground area about 80 km in diameter Project Loon partners with telecommunications companies
- 6. Travel approximately 20 km above the Earth's surface. Winds are stratified, and each layer of wind varies in speed and direction. Uses predictive models of the winds and decision-making algorithms. NAVIGATING WITH THE WIND
- 7. Autolaunchers are designed to launch Loon balloons. Huge side panels provide protection. Crane is capable of filling and launching a new balloon into network every 30 minutes. LAUNCHING
- 8. WHY STRATOSPHERE ? -Air pressure is 1% of that at sea level -Temperatures hover around -50°c -A thinner atmosphere -Less protection from the UV radiation
- 9. Design Envelop Solar panels Equipment
- 10. ENVELOPE Thin and very light polythene plastic It is strong enough to lift the flight computer and other electronics whose weight is 10 kg. A parachute attached to the top of the envelope 15m 12m
- 11. SOLAR PANELS Flexible plastic laminate Uses high efficiency monocrystalline solar cells Divided into two sections facing in opposite directions
- 12. Equipment Sensors Circuit boards Radio antennas Linux-based computer GPS Batteries Highpressure chamber Fuel cell
- 14. It requires users to install a specialized antenna the outside of their home To receive the signal from a balloon near their home
- 15. Three radio transceivers. 1. balloon-to-balloon communications. 2. balloon-to-ground communications. 3. third for backup.
- 16. Tracks the location of every balloon using GPS Coordinates directly with the local air traffic control When a balloon is ready to be taken out of service, the lift gas keeping the balloon aloft is released RECOVERY
- 17. Pilot test 30 balloons were launched 50 local users in and around Christchurch and the Canterbury Region tested connections sending up 300 balloons around the world at the 40th parallel south
- 18. It can improve communication during any disaster to affected regions It will be available at all places. It can improve Internet usage in developing countries Advantages
- 19. “Cost” was high “Maintenance” cost will be very high “Balloons” must be replaced for every two to three weeks. DISADVANTAGES
- 21. CONCLUSION Internet connectivity and connectivity become one of the basic needs in modern human daily life . An innovative scalable idea like the Google project loon would aid and benefit remote areas of the world as well as population to reap to reap the benefits of modern communication. It would also provide backbone communications during and after natural disasters when ground infrastructure is scarce or destroyed.
- 22. http://www.google.co.in/loon/ https://plus.google.com/+ProjectLoon/videos http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Loon http://www.engadget.com/2014/04/04/google-project-loon- world-journey/ http://www.cnet.com/news/google-project-loon-balloon- circles-earth-in-a-record-22-days/ REFERENCES
Editor's Notes
- As two-thirds of the world’s population does not yet have internet access, “ Google’s Project Loon” – a network of balloons travelling on the edge of space – is designed to connect people in rural and remote areas and helping fill coverage gaps , and bringing people back online after natural disasters.
- Each balloon can provide connectivity to a ground area about 80 km in diameter using a wireless communications technology called LTE. To use LTE, Project Loon partners with telecommunications companies to share cellular spectrum so that people will be able to access the Internet everywhere directly from their phones and other LTE-enabled devices. Balloons relay wireless traffic from cell phones and other devices back to the global Internet using high-speed links.
- Project Loon balloons travel approximately 20 km above the Earth's surface in the stratosphere, well above airplanes, wildlife, and weather events. In the stratosphere winds are stratified, and each layer of wind varies in speed and direction. To get balloons to where they need to go, Project Loon uses predictive models of the winds and decision-making algorithms to move each balloon up or down into a layer of wind blowing in the right direction. By moving with the wind, the balloons can be arranged to provide coverage where it’s needed.
- LAUNCHING Our custom-built Autolaunchers are designed to launch Loon balloons safely and reliably at scale. Huge side panels provide protection from the wind as the balloon is filled and lifted into launch position, and then the crane is pointed downwind to smoothly release the balloon up into the stratosphere. Each crane is capable of filling and launching a new balloon into the Loon network every 30 minutes. We have flown over 25 million km of test flights to date since the project began - with one of our record-breaking balloons surviving for 190 days aloft in the stratosphere.
- 1.The stratosphere ranges between 10 km and 60 km altitude on the edge of space. The extreme altitude of the stratosphere presents unique engineering challenges: -Air pressure is 1% of that at sea level -Temperatures hover around -50°c -A thinner atmosphere -Less protection from the UV radiation 3. Suitable because this sphere is having steady stratospheric winds.
- It has three main component
- The inflatable part of the balloon is called a balloon envelope. A well-made balloon envelope is critical for allowing a balloon to last around 100 days in the stratosphere. Loon’s balloon envelopes are made from sheets of thin and very light polyethylene plastic, and they measure fifteen meters wide by twelve meters tall when fully inflated with helium or hydrogen. A parachute attached to the top of the envelope allows for a controlled descent and landing when a balloon is ready to be taken out of service.In the case of an unexpected failure, the parachute deploys automatically.It is strong enough to lift the flight computer and other electronics whose weight is 10 kg.
- Each balloon’s electronics are powered by an array of solar panels. The solar array is a flexible plastic laminate supported by a light-weight aluminum frame. It uses high efficiency monocrystalline solar cells. The solar array is mounted at a steep angle to effectively capture sunlight on short winter days at higher latitudes. The array is divided into two sections facing in opposite directions, allowing us to capture energy in any orientation as the balloons spin slowly in the wind. The panels produce approximately 100 Watts of power in full sun, which is enough to keep Loon’s electronics running while also charging a battery for use at night. By moving with the wind and charging in the sun, Project Loon is able to power itself using entirely renewable energy sources.
- A small box containing the balloon’s electronics hangs underneath the inflated envelope, like the basket carried by a hot air balloon. This box contains circuit boards that control the system, radio antennas to communicate with other balloons and with Internet antennas on the ground, and lithium ion batteries to store solar power so the balloons can operate throughout the night. In full sun, the panels produce 100 watts of power, which is sufficient to keep the unit running while also charging a battery for use at night.GPS for tracking location, sensors to monitor and record weather conditions, andLinux based computer.
- The industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio bands . Radio bands reserved internationally for the use of radio frequency (RF) energy for industrial, scientific and medical purposes other than communications Each balloon can provide connectivity to a ground area about 40 km in diameter at speeds comparable to 3G. Each balloon is equipped with a GPS for tracking its location . The balloons use antennas equipped with specialized radio frequency technology. Project Loon currently uses ISM bands that are available for anyone to use.
- it requires users to install a specialized antenna the outside of their home to receive the signal from a balloon near their home and to decrypt the signal. This way is very similar to the usage of satellites. Antenna: $500
- CONNECTION High speed internet is transmitted up to the nearest balloon from our telecommunications partner on the ground, relayed across the balloon network, and then back down to users on the ground. We have demonstrated data transmission between balloons over 100 km apart in the stratosphere and back down to people on the ground with connection speeds of up to 10 Mbps, directly to their LTE phones.
- The Project Loon team tracks the location of every balloon using GPS, coordinating directly with the local air traffic control to bring each one safely to ground targeting sparsely populated areas. When a balloon is ready to be taken out of service, the lift gas keeping the balloon aloft is released and the parachute deploys automatically to bring the balloon to the ground in a controlled descent. Our recovery teams then collect the equipment for reuse and recycling.
- On 16 June 2013, Google began a pilot experiment in New Zealand where about 30 balloons were launched in coordination with the Civil Aviation Authority from the Tekapo area in the South Island. About 50 local users in and around Christchurch and the Canterbury Region tested connections to the aerial network using special antennas. After this initial trial, Google plans on sending up 300 balloons around the world at the 40th parallel south that would provide coverage to New Zealand, Australia, Chile, and Argentina. Google hopes to eventually have thousands of balloons flying in the stratosphere.
- It can improve communication during any disaster to affected regions It will be available at all places, even in Sahara Desert It can improve Internet usage in developing countries in region such as Africa and Southeast Asia that can’t afford underground fiber cable for providing internet connectivity. It is fast, efficient and more reliable than wired broadband connection Since Hurricane Maria made landfall in Puerto Rico, causing significant damage to the connectivity infrastructure, we have been working hard to see if it was possible to bring some basic internet connectivity back to the island. Thanks to the support of the Government of Puerto Rico, the FCC, the FAA and a range of spectrum partners, we are now collaborating with AT&T to deliver emergency internet service to some of the hardest hit parts of the island. While Project Loon is still an experimental technology and we’re not quite sure how well it will work, we hope this can be of some help to the people of Puerto Rico at this time.
- “Cost” was high as we have to take permission, buy antenna and fix it in home. “Maintenance” cost will be very high as the total equipment is very costly and complicated. “Balloons” must be replaced for every two to three weeks.As they must be refilled the gas and should correct the balloon’s equipment if any damages occurs when they are moving at stratosphere.