This document presents the Monitoring Manual and Menu (MM&M) for community-based rehabilitation (CBR) and other disability inclusive development programs. It was developed through a literature review, workshops with CBR stakeholders, and consultation. The MM&M provides guidance for locally-controlled monitoring activities to empower stakeholders with information. It includes a manual with steps to design and implement monitoring, and a menu of standardized information items organized by topics like personal profiles, functioning, activities, and outcomes. The overall aim is to build an evidence base for CBR and facilitate information sharing among programs.

1. CENTRE FOR
DISABILITY
RESEARCH AND
POLICY
Monitoring Manual and Menu (MM&M)
for CBR and other community-based disability
inclusive development programs
MM&M
Ros Madden
WHO-FIC October 2014
Poster C535
Title page using same image and text
as document cover page

2. Rationale
• CBR is a valued community development approach but there is a lack of
evidence of its efficacy (World Report on Disability 2011, Global Disability
Action Plan 2014).
• To build evidence about CBR, consistent with the philosophy of CBR,
monitoring should be the starting point: locally controlled and empowering
stakeholders with information.
Aim
The development of a monitoring toolkit to assist CBR program managers
and stakeholders to record locally meaningful information and data,
based where possible on international standards.

3. Method
1. Literature review and analysis (36 M&E articles and reports)
Confirmed need for more rigorous and compatible monitoring and
evaluation practices to be developed.
Identified 2,495 information items used or sought in literature on
monitoring and evaluation of CBR, and coded 788 items (32%) to
ICF domains and categories.
Demonstrated ICF is a relevant and potentially useful classification
for CBR monitoring.
Madden RH, Dune T, Lukersmith S, Hartley S, Kuipers P, Gargett A, Llewellyn G. The relevance of the International
Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) in monitoring and evaluating Community-based Rehabilitation
(CBR). Disabil Rehabil 2013 Early Online: 1–12.
Lukersmith S, Hartley S, Kuipers P, Madden RH, Llewellyn G, Dune T. Community-based rehabilitation (CBR) monitoring
and evaluation methods and tools: a literature review. Disabil Rehabil 2013 Early Online: 1–13.

4. 4
Most common ICF components
8%
1%
49%
42%
Body Functions
Body Structures
Activities &
Participation
Environmental Factors

5. 5
Activities & Participation
4% 1%
11%
9%
10%
7%
10%
24%
24%
Learning & applying knowledge
General tasks & demands
Communication
Mobility
Self-care
Domestic life
Interpersonal interactions and relationships
Major life areas
Community, social & civic life
Most common
ICF domains

6. 6
Environmental Factors
10%
4%
20%
23%
43%
Products & technology
Natural environment and human
made changes to environment
Support & relationships
Attitudes
Services, systems & policies
Most common
ICF domains

7. Method
2. Workshops with CBR stakeholders
2011: Workshops with CBR stakeholders from Vietnam, Lao PDR and the Philippines.
Participants’ information needs, then first draft of organised lists of information items.
2013: CBR stakeholders from PNG, Timor Leste, Solomon Islands and Fiji in 2013,
Similar process, resulting in first draft Manual and Menu.
3. Synthesis, consultation and review
Synthesised information items from previous stages via thematic analysis.
Mapped to relevant frameworks (e.g. CBR Matrix) and data standards (including ICF).
Refined the logic, structure and wording of the Menu (including via an online survey).
Collaborators provided case studies to highlight the purpose and value of information
that can be gleaned from monitoring, for inclusion in the Manual.
Further consultation with collaborators to refine the Manual and Menu.
Advisory Group from June 2013.
External reviewers on several iterations of the draft Manual and Menu.

9. Photos

10. 2013

11. The results

12. Steps explained in the Manual
Before you begin
1 Prepare for collaboration
2 Design information
Exercise 1: Why is information needed? How will it be
used?
Exercise 2: What items of information are needed?
Exercise 3: How will we collect and record the information?
Exercise 4: When and where will information be collected,
who will collect it, and how will it be stored?
Exercise 5: Who will use the information and how?
3 Develop the monitoring plan
4 Undertake monitoring activities
5 Analyse and use information
6 Review monitoring activities & the monitoring plan

13. Menu of information items: Headings
P1 Person—Personal profile & history
P2 Person—Functioning and disability
P2.1 Body functions
P2.2 Activities and Participation
P3 Person – Environmental factors
P4 Person – Outcomes
O1 Organisation – Purpose, structure, strategy
O2 Organisation – Resources
O3 Organisation – Environment
O4 Organisation – Outcomes
A1 Activities – What is done
A2 Activities – Outcomes
W1 Workforce – Personal profile of staff
W2 Workforce – Knowledge and skills
W3 Workforce – Responsibilities and tasks
W4 Workforce – Training undertaken
W5 Workforce – Quality of performance

14. Outcomes of the project (so far)
• Freely available guidance for CBR and other disability inclusive
development programs to plan locally controlled monitoring activities which
empower stakeholders with information
• Deeper understanding of the diverse information needs and priorities of
CBR stakeholders from Asia and the Pacific region, and of data standards
that are relevant and useful for CBR monitoring
• A strong and vibrant network of CBR stakeholders in the Asia Pacific
region, underpinned by shared commitment to CRPD, CBR guidelines and
matrix, and the ICF.
• A desire among collaborators and CBR network to test and improve the
Manual and Menu…

15. Thank you
from the collaborators
University of Sydney team
Centre for Disability Research and Policy
Ros Madden
Sue Lukersmith
Sally Hartley
Michael Millington
Charlotte Scarf
Nicola Fortune
Alexandra Gargett
Gwynnyth Llewellyn
sydney.edu.au/health-sciences/cdrp/cbr-monitoring
ros.madden@sydney.edu.au
Grateful acknowledgment of resources from:
Australian Aid, CBM International,
The University of Sydney
Sainimili Tawake
Mariaia Matakibau
Bounlanh Phayboun
Sengthong Soukhathammavong
Khamko Chomlath
Bounpheng Phetsouvanh
Ben Theodore
Peter Sindu
Susan Goikavi
Goretti Pala
Casper Fa'asala
Elsie Ningalo Taloafiri
Penafrancia Ching
Joaquim Soares
Francisco de Deus Soares
Phuong Anh Tran Thi
Phuong Tran Thi
Nhan Ha Chan
Cam Tu Huynh Thi