Geo-information and remote sensing are proper tools to enhance functional strategies for increasing awareness on natural hazard prevention and for supporting research and operational activities devoted to disaster reduction.

1. Torino, 2 – 4 February 2010
Gi4DM 2010 Conference
Geomatics for Crisis Management
GIS and Geomatics for disaster
management and emergency relief:
a proactive response
to natural hazards
M. Giardino, L. Perotti, M. Lanfranco, G. Perrone
GeoSITLab, University of Torino
Doctoral School in Strategic Sciences, University of Torino
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Torino

2. AGENDA
• Disasters
• Geomatics
• Remote sensing
• From the space
• On the ground
• Palm vs tablet
• Hyogo Declaration
• Post earthquakes
• Haiti

3. ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
TECHNOLOGICAL
HAZMAT
HAZARDSCLIMATOLOGICAL
METEROLOGICAL
HYDROGEOLOGICAL
GEOPHISICAL
BIOLOGICAL
TERRORISM
WMD
(CBRN-E)
CYBER-ATTACK
ECONOMIC CRACK

4. CLIMATOLOGICAL
METEROLOGICAL
HYDROGEOLOGICAL
GEOPHISICAL
BIOLOGICAL
ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
TECHNOLOGICAL
HAZMAT
TERRORISM
WMD
(CBRN-E)
CYBER-ATTACK
ECONOMIC CRACK
HAZARDS

5. CLIMATOLOGICAL
METEROLOGICAL
HYDROGEOLOGICAL
GEOPHISICAL
BIOLOGICAL
ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
TECHNOLOGICAL
HAZMAT
TERRORISM
WMD
(CBRN-E)
CYBER-ATTACK
ECONOMIC CRACK
HAZARDS

6. DISASTERS
natural
SLOW ONSETSLOW ONSET FAST ONSETFAST ONSET
cyclones
landslides
floods
earthquakes
volcanoes
…
famine
drought
pandemic
climate change
…
FAST DISASTERS NEED FAST RELIEFFAST DISASTERS NEED FAST RELIEF

7. 1. CLIMATE RELATED DISASTERS
2. LANDSLIDES
3. EARTHQUAKES SEISMIC MICROZONATION
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT
HURRICANE
FLOODS
GEOMATICS PROVIDE BOOST TO GEOLOGICAL AND
GEOMORPHOLOGICAL MAPPING IN PREEMPTIVE
RESEARCHES
WHERE WE WORKspeed up
GEOMATICS SHOULD SPEED UP
RELIEF OPERATIONS

8. REMOTE SENSING
multispectral sensors and photos
DIRECT MAPPING ON THE GROUND
entity and attributes
going digital
WHAT WE DO
GEODATABASE / SDI
consistency – geoposition and shape
NO ANALOGIC / DIGITAL PASSAGE
less errors

9. FROM THE SPACEFROM THE SPACE

10. THE POLOCHIC VALLEYTHE POLOCHIC VALLEY
GUATEMALAGUATEMALAafter the hurricane Mitch - 1998
multitemporal analysis of satellite images
acquired before and after the catastrophic
flooding related to Hurricane Mitch

11. THE POLOCHIC VALLEYTHE POLOCHIC VALLEY
GUATEMALAGUATEMALAafter the hurricane Mitch - 1998
multitemporal analysis of satellite images
acquired before and after the catastrophic
flooding related to Hurricane Mitch

12. MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGESMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGESchannel adjustment and landslide
Landsat 5 TM
15/04/1998
(before Mitch)
false color RGB 754 image
Examples of environment modification
induced by hurricane Mitch

13. MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGESMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGESchannel adjustment and landslide
channel narrowing
meander cutoffdebris flow
flooded areaLandsat 7 ETM+
23/01/2000
(after Mitch)
false color RGB 754 image
Examples of environment modification
induced by hurricane Mitch

14. FLOODS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIESFLOODS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
appling remote sensing
ITHACA AND GEOSITLAB
COOPERATION
GEOGRAPHIC DATABASE (SDI)
pluviometric regimes
flood scenario
FLOODS EARLY WARNING SYSTEM
rainfall values
FLOODS EARLY IMPACT ANALISYS
data acquired during and after the event
FLOODPLAIN MODELING
hydrologic and hydraulic modelling
geomorphological aspects will
be considered to identify the
potentially floodable areas
Risk Management forecasting early impact analisys post emergency
SDI
scenario
flood early waring
flooded areas
disaster area
safe areas
3 days 7 days
FLOOD
mod. from ITHACA, 2007

15. 2007 ZAMBESI FLOOD2007 ZAMBESI FLOODenhancing remote sensing
hydraulic evaluation of
flood extent
MozambiqueMozambique
channel and flood-plain morphology
GEOMORPHOLOGICAL
CONSTRAIN TO HYDRAULIC
EVALUATION

16. inputs and outputs of a regional inventory of landslide
AOSTA VALLEY IFFIAOSTA VALLEY IFFI
Italian Landslide Inventory
(IFFI Project):
• aimed at identifying and
mapping landslides over
the whole Italian territory
• based on standardized
criteria
• started in 1997
• results published in 2007
• last update may 2009
Mountain region
Total area (km2)
N landslides
2659
Landslide total
area (km2)
3262 579,98
Landslide Density
(N landslides/Region area)
Susceptibility index
(Landslides area/Region area)
1,60 0,18

17. TO THE GROUNDTO THE GROUND

18. FIRST STEP WAS SRG2
acronym from italian Supporto al Rilevamento Geologico e Geomorfologico
(Support to Geological and Geomorphological Mapping)
• POSITIONING
• INSTRUMENTS
• DATA
GPS
vector format with
dedicated forms
Pocket PC + ArcPad
.SHP.SHP.SHP

19. ARCPAD EXTENSIONARCPAD EXTENSION
• 16 layers (shape file format)
and associated databases
• toolbar
• selectable attributes to
shapefile
visual basic

20. 2. HISTORICAL DATA
1. REMOTE SENSING
3. GEOLOGICAL MAPPING
DATA CONTROL
THROUGH BUFFER
ANALYSIS
NON-CORRELABLE DATA
DISTINCT RECORDS MANTEAINED
CORRELABLE DATA
RECORDS BEING FUSED
FINAL DATABASEFINAL DATABASE
AOSTA VALLEY LANDSLIDE INVENTORYworkplan for activities 2002-2006 and 2008-2012

21. hazard mapping
LANDSLIDE GENERAL STATISTICSLANDSLIDE GENERAL STATISTICS
N.D. 844
Falls 973
Slides 632
Flows (slow) 49
Flows (rapid) 345
Sinkholes 4
Complexes 443
DsGSDs 263
Falls-prone areas 224
Flows-prone areas 60

22. SEISMIC MICROZONATIONSEISMIC MICROZONATIONSRG2 improvement
FEATURE IMPROVEMENT OF SRG2 WITH GEOLOCICAL AND
GEOMORPHOLOGICAL SEISMIC TOPICS
activity
of faults
activation or
reactivation of
landslides
amplification phenomena
liquefaction phenomena

23. DRONERO TEST SITEDRONERO TEST SITESRG2 on the ground Northern Italy
Quaternary deposits
1 eluvial-colluvial deposits
2 recent and current fluvial deposits
3 landslide deposits
4 debris and slope-deposits
5 stream and alluvial fan deposits
6 ancient fluvial deposits
Pre-Quaternary substratum
7 dolomitic marble and dolomites
8 micascists and metabasites
Structural elements
9 fault
Hydrography-related elements
10 fluvial terrace < 10 metres
11 fluvial terrace > 10 metres
2 deeply incised valley
13 buried river bed
Slope elements
14 scarp < 10 metres
Other symbols
15 borehole
16 village boundary
17 geophysical investigation
18 trace of the geological section
geomorphological map for seismic microzonation

24. PALM VS TABLETPALM VS TABLETour philosophy
+ really light and easy to carry on
+ GPS
+ long life batteries
+ easy interface
+ a lot of scripts, applets e plugins
+ developing in Visual, Visual Basic and Java
- low graphic functionality
- low raster and ASCII data management
- slow processor
- little screen
LOW NEED OF GIS/IT KNOWLEDGE
+ full hardware
+ full GIS projecting
+ full raster / ASCII / vector data management
- heavy for continous work
- short life batteries
HIGH NEED OF GIS/IT KNOWLEDGE

25. EMERGENCY RELIEFEMERGENCY RELIEFtempo
Human Security approach focalised relief
effort on a people-centred recovery activity
that should guarantee not only the lives of
affected people but also their social ties and
economic capacities (UN/OCHA, 2009)
The Hyogo Declaration stressed that relief,
rehabilitation and reconstruction are windows of
opportunity for the rebuilding of livelihoods and
socio-economic structures to increase individual
and community resilience (UN/ISDR, 2005)
In complex emergencies, the knowledge management
increase exponentially the success of the emergency relief
1. Search and Rescue teams
2. First aid and health care facilities
3. Food and drinking water supply chain
4. Refugee camps organization
5. First rebuilding
WLAN
SATCOM

26. POST SEISMIC AREA SURVEYgeomorphological effects of earthquakes
The post seismic geomorphological mapping was aimed to the survey of
the different landforms characterizing the affected area
B.Hazard elements
3.Earthquake effects
fault and fracture
landslide (fall, slump, slide)
trench and notch
closed hollow
ground failure
river modification
new spring or pond
4.Instability bend elements
steep scarp
concave slope
rock block (on cliff or slope)
isolated ridge and peak
deep gorge and canyon
A.Geological/geomorphological context
1.Landforms
topography (plain, slope, ridge, incision)
slope angle (0-10°, 10-30°, >30°)
land cover (CORINE)
water (spring, in sink, pond, torrent, no-water)
2.Outcropping material
material type (rock, soil, debris)
rock type (i.e. Bieniawsky)
soil type (granulometry and condictions)

27. BUILDING DAMAGE INVENTORYBUILDING DAMAGE INVENTORYEarthquake Damage and Inhabitable Assessment Form
The Italian National Seismic Survey (SSN) developed in 2000 a
first level damage form (AeDES) utilized with minor revision
until the recent “l’Aquila” earthquake
GeoSITLab translate the form in English and modified some issues to
adapt it to Developing Countries building structures
building position building damage building risk

28. EDIAF IN HAITIEDIAF IN HAITI ongoing activity
Poor concrete frame house
Hut
Haitian tipical buildings
Masonry church
BEFOREHAITIEARTHQUAKE
AFTERHAITIEARTHQUAKE

29. EDIAF IN HAITIEDIAF IN HAITIon site test

30. earthquakes
landslides
floods
hurricanes
famine
winter storms
cyclonesdrought
thunderstorms
pandemic
volcanoes
wild fires
THE WAY AHEADTHE WAY AHEAD

31. THANX FOR YOUR
ATTENTION!
ANY THOUGHTS OR
QUESTIONS?