The document discusses the key elements of EU energy policy, which aims to ensure affordable, secure, and sustainable energy for Europeans. It outlines several major challenges, including climate change, import dependency, and the need for infrastructure investment. The policy focuses on energy efficiency, completing the internal energy market, energy security, decarbonization through emissions trading and renewable investment, and research and development including the Strategic Energy Technology Plan. The overall goals are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 20% by 2020, increase renewable energy to 20% of consumption, and improve energy efficiency 20%, as part of a long-term strategy to transform Europe's energy system.
2. WHAT IS EU ENERGY POLICY AND
WHY DO WE NEED IT?
Lighting, heating, transport, industrial output: without energy we would have
none of these essential day-today services which we and our businesses cannot
function.
Our stocks of fossil fuels (oil, gas and coal) will not, however, last forever.
They need to be managed while we look into new sources of energy.
3. Europe is consuming, and
importing, increasing quantities of
energy. The European Union, the world’s
second largest economy, consumes
one fifth of the world’s energy but has
very few reserves of its own.
WHAT
IS EU
ENERG
Y
POLICY
AND
WHY
DO WE
NEED
IT?
5. WHAT
IS EU
ENERG
Y
POLICY
AND
WHY
DO WE
NEED
IT?
They buy their oil from OPEC (Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) and Russia, and our gas from Russia, Norway and Algeria. The EU external energy
bill represents more than €1 billion per day (around €400 billion in 2013) and more than a fifth of total EU imports. The EU imports more than €300 billion of crude oil
and oil products, of which one third from Russia.
6. WHAT
IS EU
ENERG
Y
POLICY
AND
WHY
DO WE
NEED
IT?
European energy markets face a number of problems:
the growing threats of climate change,
slow progress in energy efficiency and the use of renewables,
the need for transparency,
further integration and interconnection of national energy markets and
the need for large investments in energy infrastructure.
Moreover, Europe has to deal with major challenges in energy supply:
the ongoing difficult situation on the oil and gas markets, the increasing import
dependency and limited diversification achieved so far,
high and volatile energy prices,
growing global energy demand,
security risks affecting producing and transit countries as well as transport routes.
7. WHAT STEPS IS EUROPE TAKING TO
PREPARE?
It wasn't until March 2007 that EU heads of state and governments endorsed the first EU
“energy action plan”. Following a series of discussions over the previous years, the Commission’s “An
energy policy for Europe” strategy marks the beginning of a more integrated European energy policy,
which gained considerable momentum since then.
The action plan laid out the three major challenges for European energy policy, which form the
core of the common energy policy till today: sustainability, security of supply, and competitiveness.
9. Energy Efficiency
by using energy in better and more efficient
ways.
The European Union has to encourage its
member countries to stop energy from being
wasted by electrical appliances, industry,
transport and buildings.
10. A win– win solution: CO2 emissions can be prevented, we become less
dependent on energy imports and it may well be possible to create local
jobs and export our expertise.
12. INTERNAL ENERGY MARKET
Electricity and gas can flow freely through the grids across Europe
All producers and suppliers compete with one another.
Possibility to buy and sell electricity and gas wherever one wants, the aim being to obtain high-
quality energy at the most competitive price.
13. Energy Trans- European Networks
To supply cheap, diversified, and environment-friendly energy
Reduce transaction cost
Interconnected networks are vital to the development of healthy competition and constitute a
prerequisite to successfully creating an internal energy market.
14. Up-to-date Energy Grids
modernized and developed- to make energy market more fluid.
The EU can give its Member States a real helping hand here, as it is in all
their interests to develop high-voltage lines and gas pipelines
connecting them to one another, and to store energy.
investment of around €1 000 billion
15.
16.
17. For instance, they should be able to:
• readily to switch supplier
• receive straightforward bills and offers that
can be compared,
• find out where their electricity has come
from
• find out about their consumption at any
moment.
Consumers are central to concerns
19. ENERGY SECURITY
Security of energy supply is defined as the ability to ensure the continued
satisfaction of essential energy needs by means of:
• sufficient internal resources exploited under acceptable economic conditions
• accessible, stable and diversified external sources
20. Development of less pollutant energy sources
• New and renewable energy sources
- mobilising aid to promote their
development and use.
Sufficient Internal Resources
21. Renewable energy sources include the following:
biomass and wastes: organic, non-fossil material of biological origin, which may be used
for heat production or electricity generation; comprises wood and wood waste, biogas,
municipal solid waste and biofuels; includes the renewable part of industrial waste;
hydropower: the electricity generated from the potential and kinetic energy of water in
hydroelectric plants (the electricity generated in pumped storage plants is not included);
geothermal energy: the energy available as heat from within the earth’s crust, usually in
the form of hot water or steam;
wind energy: the kinetic energy of wind converted into electricity in wind turbines;
Solar energy: solar radiation exploited for solar heat (hot water) and electricity production.
22.
23. Ensure external supplies
a) Relations with producer countries : making our voice heard
- Energy partners like OPEC
b) Strengthening supply networks
- with security guarantees
Accessible, Stable And Diversified External Sources
25. DECARBONIZATION
EU Emissions Trading System
Encouraging private investment in new infrastructure and technologies.
Global Deal For Climate Change
26.
27.
28. Encouraging Private Investment In New Infrastructure And
Technologies
• The goal is to rally industrialists and promote investment in
alternative fuels including biofuels.
• The aim here is to make these new technologies affordable and
profitable
29.
30. • The European Union has played a key role in brokering a historic agreement
in Paris (2015 Dec), where the first-ever universal, legally binding global
climate deal was adopted.
• It sets out a global action plan to limit global warming to well below 2°C.
Global Deal For Climate Change
38. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Supporting breakthroughs in low-carbon technologies by coordinating research and helping to finance
projects in partnership with the private sector
Integrated Strategic Energy Technology (SET) Plan
• first research and innovation deliverable on which the Energy Union will be built.
• help address the challenges which must be met for the transformation of the EU's energy system.
Goals:
Accelerating knowledge development, technology transfer and up-take;
Maintaining EU industrial leadership on low-carbon energy technologies;
Fostering science for transforming energy technologies to achieve the 2020 Energy and Climate
Change goals;
Contributing to the worldwide transition to a low carbon economy by 2050.
40. To pursue these goals within a coherent long-term strategy, the EU has
formulated targets for 2020, 2030, and 2050.
The 2020 Energy Strategy defines the EU's energy priorities between 2010 and
2020. It aims to:
•reduce greenhouse gases by at least 20%
•increase the share of renewable energy in the EU's energy mix to at least 20% of
consumption
•improve energy efficiency by at least 20%
Together, these goals provide the EU with a stable policy framework on greenhouse gas emissions, renewables
and energy efficiency giving investors more certainty and confirming the EU's lead in these fields on a global
scale.
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