The document provides an overview of criminal laws and various concepts within criminal law. It discusses how even simple crimes can be complex, with different levels of offenses and punishments depending on small details. It outlines the three main types of crimes - infractions, misdemeanors, and felonies - and notes some crimes can be charged as either a felony or misdemeanor. It also discusses elements that must be proven for a conviction, defenses, and special considerations for juvenile crimes.
Abetment and Criminal Conspiracy under English and Indian lawNishkaPrajapati
1. Explain the provisions relating to abetment in English and Indian law.
2. Proof of conspiracy and its admissibility.
3. Difference between abetment and conspiracy.
4. Sections 34, 109 and 120-A.
This 3-page document contains definitions and examples of offences and defenses in English Common Law and applies to Commonwealth countries like the UK, NZ and Australia. Useful for beginner Law and Forensic Psychology students.
Abetment and Criminal Conspiracy under English and Indian lawNishkaPrajapati
1. Explain the provisions relating to abetment in English and Indian law.
2. Proof of conspiracy and its admissibility.
3. Difference between abetment and conspiracy.
4. Sections 34, 109 and 120-A.
This 3-page document contains definitions and examples of offences and defenses in English Common Law and applies to Commonwealth countries like the UK, NZ and Australia. Useful for beginner Law and Forensic Psychology students.
Charles Krugel's Social Media, Human Resources & Legal Issues Presentation Ma...Charles Krugel
46 slide PowerPoint analyzing human resources & labor & employment law issues in social media in the workplace. Discussion of regulatory agency & court decisions, policies & what companies should or shouldn't do.
CJCJ's Executive Director Daniel Macallair, is a practitioner-in-residence at San Francisco State University (SFSU)'s Department of Criminal Justice Studies. These slides are from his Juvenile Justice course materials.
No Title PageI need a response to bold section below in 150 word.docxkanepbyrne80830
No Title Page
I need a response to bold section below in 150 words cited and references to support answer
What started their response below
In this Chapter I thought it was very interesting. I feel I wanted to point out Aggravating and Mitigating Circumstances for my discussion post. I feel a crime committed by an offender alone is not enough to determine the victim's sentence; the courts have to consider all the circumstances that can led to the offense and all the information about the offender needs to be put into account. Whenever a defendant is sentenced either guilty or not guilty by the judge, a variety of factors are considered. Aggravating circumstances act as factors that support stiffer penalties to the defendant. These conditions pop up in all manner of ways including how the crime was committed and when the offenders are particularly cruel to the victim or rather the intent of the offence (Luginbuhl, 1988).
Judges are on the other side supposed to consider all the factors possible to reduce the defendant's sentence. These circumstances do not necessarily relate to the question of what is the defendant guilty of but they support the leniency to the accused. The judge has to listen to any circumstance that may lead to a little bit mercy of the offender. Things like the role of the defendant matters a lot hence if he or she played a minor role in the offence for example if the accused was paid about $25 to knowingly drive the offenders in or out of the scene calls for a little bit leniencies to the offender (Zillmann,1976).
In the juvenile systems, the judge has to be very keen on knowing what led to the crime that was committed by the minor. Many children commit crimes for various reasons as compared to adults. The judge has to be keen on knowing what led to the child's offense and what circumstances call for either aggravation of the sentence or mitigation of the sentence. Any thoughts?
References
Luginbuhl, J., & Middendorf, K. (1988). Death penalty beliefs and jurors' responses to aggravating and mitigating circumstances in capital trials.
Law and Human Behavior
,
12
(3), 263.
Zillmann, D., & Cantor, J. R. (1976). Effect of timing of information about mitigating circumstances on emotional responses to provocation and retaliatory behavior.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
,
12
(1), 38-55.
Let's explore this. Do you feel that if a juvenile who is 10 commits an aggravated crime, that they should be given the same leniency as one who committed a mitigated crime? If I understood you right, you are saying that the judges need to show some kind of mercy to the juvenile and also taking into account their background? I understand showing leniency or mercy for a juvenile who maybe robbed a house, stole a car, was found with drug paraphernalia but not for heinous crime. If a juvenile rapes, murders, attempted to murder someone, arm robbery and assault, I feel that these crimes need to handled without mercy or lenien.
California Theft Crimes: Understanding the Offenses and PenaltiesDomenic J. Lombardo
Understanding the various theft offenses and the corresponding penalties is important if you have been charged with one. Learn more about California theft crimes in this presentation.
CHAPTER 7 Criminal Law and CybercrimeNew York Police Departmen.docxbissacr
CHAPTER 7 Criminal Law and Cybercrime
New York Police Department, Times Square, New York City
Criminal cases make up a large portion of cases tried in U.S. courts. Criminal cases are bought against persons for violating federal, state, and local laws. Suspected criminals are given many rights by the U.S. Constitution and state constitutions. Parties in the United States are free from unreasonable searches and seizures of evidence, and any evidence obtained illegally is considered tainted evidence and cannot be used in court. People who are suspected of a criminal act may assert their right of privilege against self-incrimination and may choose not to testify at any pretrial proceedings or at trial. Parties have a right to a public trial by a jury of their peers. In addition, if convicted of a crime, the criminal is free from cruel and unusual punishment.
Learning Objectives
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
1. List and describe the essential elements of a crime.
2. Describe criminal procedure, including arrest, indictment, arraignment, and the criminal trial.
3. Identify and define business and white-collar crimes.
4. List and describe cybercrimes.
5. Explain the constitutional safeguards provided by the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution.
Chapter Outline
1. Introduction to Criminal Law and Cybercrime
2. Definition of a Crime
1. CONTEMPORARY ENVIRONMENT • Criminal Acts as the Basis for Tort Actions
3. Criminal Procedure
4. Common Crimes
1. ETHICS • Murder Conviction Upheld on Appeal
5. Business and White-Collar Crimes
1. BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT • Corporate Criminal Liability
6. Cybercrimes
1. DIGITAL LAW • The Internet and Identity Theft
2. Case 7.1 • United States v. Barrington
7. Fourth Amendment Protection From Unreasonable Search and Seizure
1. Case 7.2 • U.S. SUPREME COURT CASE • Navarette v. California
2. Case 7.3 • U.S. SUPREME COURT CASE • Maryland v. King
3. Case 7.4 • U.S. SUPREME COURT CASE • Riley v. California and United States v. Wurie
8. Fifth Amendment Privilege Against Self-Incrimination
1. Case 7.5 • Ragland v. Commonwealth of Kentucky
9. Other Constitutional Protections
1. GLOBAL LAW • France Does Not Impose the Death Penalty
“It is better that ten guilty persons escape than that one innocent suffer.”
—Sir William Blackstone Commentaries on the Laws of England (1765)
Introduction to Criminal Law and Cybercrime
For members of society to coexist peacefully and for commerce to flourish, people and their property must be protected from injury by other members of society. Federal, state, and local governments’ criminal laws are intended to afford this protection by providing an incentive for persons to act reasonably in society and imposing penalties on persons who violate the laws.
There can be no equal justice where the kind of trial a man gets depends on the amount of money he has.
Justice Black
Griffin v. Illinois 351 U.S. 12, 76 S.Ct. 585, 1956 U.S. Lexis 1059 (1956)
The Uni.
Introduction to car insurance for high school students. I am not an insurance agent. I am a high school teacher. Please contact me if you know that some of this information is terribly incorrect.
179. Robbery: video 1 of 2 http://www.shouselaw.com/robbery.html
180. Robbery: video 1 of 2 http://www.shouselaw.com/robbery.html CA Penal Code 211: …taking... property in the possession of another …by means of force or fear .
181. Robbery: video 2 of 2 http://www.shouselaw.com/robbery.html
182. Robbery: video 2 of 2 http://www.shouselaw.com/robbery.html Robbery is a “strike” under California’s 3 strikes law (Third strike gets you 25 years to life in prison.)
233. Bribery effort to corruptly influence, by way of money or gift, a public official in the course of that official's work.
234. Bribery Example You give your county supervisor $25,000 to speak for 5 minutes at your investor club’s breakfast meeting. The meeting is really just two guys at the IHOP. He later votes to approve your apartment building plans.
235. Bribery Example Your mafia family friends give the prosecutor’s wife $500,000. The prosecutor then drops all charges against you.
238. Extortion or “Blackmail” using force or threats to compel another to give you money or other property, or to compel a public officer to perform an official act
239. Extortion Nice new restaurant you have here. It’d be a shame if it caught on fire. If you pay me $100 a week, I can make sure that doesn’t happen.
240. Extortion I have photos of you that you don’t want everyone to see. If you pay me $100,000 I won’t send them to the National Enquirer.
241. Extortion A friend of mine is scheduled to testify against you in court. If you pay me $107,000 I will have my friend lie for you at your trial. Alfred Nash Villalobos (Lake Tahoe) http://www.sacbee.com/2011/09/01/3878114/villalobos-son-convicted-on-extortion.html
242. Extortion If you give me $3,000 I’ll help get a law through the State Senate that will help your shrimp company. http://articles.latimes.com/1990-02-03/news/mn-1029_1_corruption-charges CA State Senator Joseph B. Montoya