Ge Elec 3 Living in IT Era

1. LESSON 2:
COMPONENTS of a COMPUTER SYSTEM

2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Differentiate among various styles of system units on desktop computers, notebook computers,
and mobile devices
2. Identify chips, adapter cards, and other components of a motherboard
3. Identify characteristics of various personal computer processors on the market today, and
describe the ways processors are cooled
4. Identify the four categories of application software
5. Differentiate among the seven forms through which software is available: packaged software,
custom software, Web application, open source software, shareware, freeware, and public-
domain software
6. Explain how the operating system and utility programs work with application software
7. Identify the key features of widely used business programs: word processing, spreadsheet,
database, presentation, note taking, personal information manager, business software for
phones, business software suite, project management, accounting, document management, and
enterprise computing
8. Define the main functions of each the computer components
9. Check on the feature of the various system units.

3. SOFTWARE
HARDWARE
PEOPLEWARE
COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER
SYSTEM
01
03
02

4. HARDWARE
Hardware is a collective
term used to describe any
of the physical components
of an analog or digital
computer. The term
hardware distinguishes the
tangible aspects of a
computing device from
software.

5. TYPES OF
HARDWAR
E
• PROCESSOR
UNIT
• MEMORY
DEVICE

6. Processor Unit
The motherboard is the
computer's central
communications backbone
connectivity point through
which all components and
external peripherals connect.
The motherboard is the main
printed circuit board in a
computer. Also called the
mainboard, the motherboard
holds important components,
including the CPU, RAM,
power supply, graphics card
and sound card.
MOTHERBOA
RD
CPU
The CPU is
responsible for
processing most
of the computer's
data, turning
input into output.
Graphics card:
Graphics card:
Responsible for rendering
graphics in a computer and
projecting information onto
a screen, a graphics card
aims to remove the
processing strain from the
processor or RAM.

7. Memory Device
1. RAM: The hardware in a
computer where the OS,
application programs and data that
are being used are kept so the
device's processor can quickly
reach them
2. HDD: A nonvolatile memory (NVM)
hardware device, an HDD stores OS
files, application problems, media and
other documents.
3. SSD: A type of nonvolatile storage device that stores
persistent data on solidstate flash memory.
4. Removable drives: Any type of storage device
that can be removed from a computer while the
system is running, including USB cards and
optical discs, such as compact discs (CDs), Blu-
ray discs and digital versatile discs (DVDs).

8. EXAMPLE OF
INPUT
DEVICES
Keyboard - input data
to the computer.
Mouse - pointing device
Bar Code Reader - a
device used for reading
bar coded data (data in
the form of light and dark
lines).
Joystick - a pointing
device, which is used to
move the cursor position
on a monitor screen.

9. EXAMPLE OF OUTPUT
DEVICES
Monitor– show the visual output of
the processes made by the computer
Printer – used to print information on
paper
Speaker – produce sound output.

10. SOFTWARE
What is a
Software?
Software is a set of instructions, data or
programs used to operate computers
and execute specific tasks, can be
thought of as the variable part of a
computer, and hardware the invariable
part.

11. TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Application software is a
computer software
package that performs a
specific function for an end
user or, in some instances,
for another application.
Operating System (OS)
An operating system is the most
important software that runs on a
computer. It manages the
computer's memory and
processes, as well as all its
software and hardware.
Application Software

12. Examples of OS
macOS. Linux.
Microsoft
Windows

13. Examples of Application Software
The most common application software programs are
used by millions every day and include
• Microsoft suite of products (Office, Excel,
Word, PowerPoint, Outlook, etc.)
• Internet browsers like Firefox, Safari, and
Chrome
• Mobile pieces of software such as Pandora (for
music appreciation), Skype (for real-time online
communication), and Slack (for team
collaboration)

14. THE SEVEN FORMS THROUGH WHICH
SOFTWARE IS AVAILABLE
Custom software
performs functions
specific to a
business or
industry.
Packaged software is
mass-produced,
copyrighted retail
software that meets the
needs of a variety of
users.
A Web application is a
Web site that allows
users to access and
interact with software
from any computer or
device that is connected
to the Internet.

15. THE SEVEN FORMS THROUGH WHICH
SOFTWARE IS AVAILABLE
Shareware is
copyrighted
software that is
distributed free for
a trial period.
Open-source software
is provided for use,
modification, and
redistribution.
Freeware is copyrighted
software provided at no
cost by an individual or a
company that retains all
rights to the software.
Public-domain
software is free
software donated
for public use and
has no copyright

16. THE KEY FEATURES OF WIDELY USED BUSINESS
PROGRAMS
Business software assists people in becoming more effective and efficient while
performing daily business activities. Business software includes the following
programs.
➢ Word processing software, sometimes called a word processor, allows
users to create a document by entering text and inserting images, edit the
document by making changes, and format the document by changing its
appearance.
➢ Spreadsheet software allows users to organize data in rows and columns,
perform calculations, recalculate when data changes, and chart the data.
➢ Database software allows users to create, access, and manage a database,
which is a collection of data organized to allow access, retrieval, and use of that
data.
➢ Presentation software allows users to create a slide show that is displayed

17. THE KEY FEATURES OF WIDELY USED BUSINESS
PROGRAMS
Business software assists people in becoming more effective and efficient while
performing daily business activities. Business software includes the following
programs.
➢ Note taking software enables users to enter typed text, handwritten comments,
drawings, or sketches on a page and then save the page as part of a notebook.
➢ A software suite is a collection of individual programs available together as a
unit. At a minimum, business software suites include word processing,
spreadsheet, e-mail, and presentation programs.
➢ Project management software allows users to plan, schedule, track, and
analyze the events, resources, and costs of a project.
➢ Accounting software helps companies record and report their financial
transactions.
➢ Document management software provides a means for sharing, distributing,

18. THE KEY FEATURES OF WIDELY USED HOME,
PERSONAL, AND EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS
Personal finance
software is an
accounting
program that
helps users
balance their
checkbooks, pay
bills, track income
and expenses,
track investments,
and evaluate
financial plans.
Software for home, personal, and
educational use includes the
following programs.
Legal software
assists in the
preparation of
legal
documents.
Tax
preparation
software
guides users
through fi ling
Personal DTP
software helps
users create
newsletters,
brochures, flyers,
advertisements,
greeting and
business cards,
logos, and Web
pages.

19. THE KEY FEATURES OF WIDELY USED HOME,
PERSONAL, AND EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS
Personal finance
software is an
accounting
program that
helps users
balance their
checkbooks, pay
bills, track income
and expenses,
track investments,
and evaluate
financial plans.
Software for home, personal, and
educational use includes the
following programs.
Legal software
assists in the
preparation of
legal
documents.
Tax
preparation
software
guides users
through fi ling
Personal DTP
software helps
users create
newsletters,
brochures, flyers,
advertisements,
greeting and
business cards,
logos, and Web
pages.

20. THE KEY FEATURES OF WIDELY USED HOME,
PERSONAL, AND EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS
Personal
paint/image
editing software
provides an easy-
to-use interface
with functions
tailored to meet
the needs of
home and small
business users.
Software for home, personal, and
educational use includes the
following programs.
Personal
photo editing
software is a
type of image
editing software
used to edit
digital photos.
Home
design/landsc
aping software
assists with the
design,
remodeling, or
improvement of
a home or
landscape.

21. THE KEY FEATURES OF WIDELY USED HOME,
PERSONAL, AND EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS
Travel and
mapping
software
enables users
to view maps,
determine route
directions, and
locate points of
interest.
Software for home, personal, and
educational use includes the
following programs.
Reference
software
provides
valuable and
thorough
information for
all individuals.
Educational
software
teaches a
particular skill.
Entertainment
software
includes
interactive
games, videos,
and other
programs to
support hobbies
or provide
amusement

22. The Advantages of and Ways to
Access Web Applications
A Web application, or Web app, requires less disk space on a computer
than installed software and is less costly to upgrade. Users often interact
with Web applications directly at the Web site, referred to as the host,
through their Web browser. Some Web sites require that you download
the software to your computer or device.

23. CREDITS: This presentation template
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icons by Flaticon, infographics &
images by Freepik
The Types of
Application
Software Used
in
Communicatio
ns

24. Application software for communications includes Web browsers to
access and view Web pages; e-mail programs to transmit messages via
a network; instant messaging software for real-time exchange of
messages or files; chat room software to have real-time, online typed
conversations; text, picture, and video messaging software; RSS
aggregator program to keep track of changes made to Web sites; blog
software, or blogware, to create and maintain a blog;
newsgroup/message board programs that allow online written
discussions; FTP programs to upload and download fi les on the Internet;
VoIP (Internet telephony), which allows users to speak to other users
over the Internet; and video conferencing software for meetings on a
network.
The Types of Application Software
Used in Communications

25. PEOPLEWARE
● It refers to the
human role in an
IT system.
What is Peopleware?

26. VARIOUS TYPES OF COMPUTER USERS
INTERACT WITH COMPUTERS
● Computer users can be
separated into five categories:
● home user,
● small office/home office user,
● mobile user,
● power user, and
● enterprise user.

27. ACTIVITY:
Name the Following Computer Parts