Due Date: 11:59 p.m. EST, Sunday of Unit 4 Points: 100 Overview: Many influential psychologists made significant contributions to the field of Learning Theory. In this assignment, you will become familiar with key theories and their practical applications. Instructions: • Choose three (3) psychologists from this list to study: o John Watson o B.F. Skinner o Ivan Pavlov o Clark Hull o Edward Tolman o Albert Bandura o Donald Hebb . • Explain the key theory put forth by each of the three (3) learning theorists you chose. • Compare and contrast the theories with one another. Include a discussion of how the later theorist(s) may have been influenced by the earlier one(s). • Discuss at least two (2) practical applications of these learning theories to explaining and promoting behavior change in today’s world. Requirements: • Use a minimum of three (3) scholarly sources. One of these sources may be your textbook. • This reflection paper should be five (5) full pages in length. The page requirement does not include the title and reference pages. • Writing should be in paragraph form, double-spaced, with one-inch margins on all sides. Be sure to read the criteria by which your paper will be evaluated before you write and again after you write. PSY310 – Learning Theory Learning Theories Evaluation Rubric for Learning Theories Assignment CRITERIA Deficient Development Needed Proficient Exemplary 0 – 11 points 12 – 15 points 16 – 17 points 18 – 20 points Explain the key theory put forth by each of the 3 learning theorists. Component is minimally or not addressed. Opinions are offered, but arguments lack important information from scholarly sources. No specific details are provided, or a few specific details are provided, but they lack relevance. Component is somewhat addressed. Arguments are partially supported by information from scholarly sources and only contain a few specific and relevant details. Component is fairly well addressed. Arguments could be further elaborated with scholarly sources and relevant specific details. Component is thoroughly addressed. Arguments are well elaborated and fully supported by scholarly sources and relevant specific examples. Compare and contrast the theories with one another. Include a discussion of how the later theorist(s) may have been influenced by the earlier one(s). Component is minimally or not addressed. Opinions are offered, but arguments lack important information from scholarly sources. No specific details are provided, or a few specific details are provided, but they lack relevance. Component is somewhat addressed. Arguments are partially supported by information from scholarly sources and only contain a few specific and relevant details. Component is fairly well addressed. Arguments could be further elaborated with scholarly so ...

1. Due Date: 11:59 p.m. EST, Sunday of Unit 4
Points: 100
Overview:
Many influential psychologists made significant contributions
to the field of Learning Theory. In this
assignment, you will become familiar with key theories and
their practical applications.
Instructions:
• Choose three (3) psychologists from this list to study:
o John Watson
o B.F. Skinner
o Ivan Pavlov
o Clark Hull
o Edward Tolman
o Albert Bandura
o Donald Hebb
.
• Explain the key theory put forth by each of the three (3)
learning theorists you chose.
• Compare and contrast the theories with one another. Include a
discussion of how the later
theorist(s) may have been influenced by the earlier one(s).
• Discuss at least two (2) practical applications of these learning

2. theories to explaining and
promoting behavior change in today’s world.
Requirements:
• Use a minimum of three (3) scholarly sources. One of these
sources may be your textbook.
• This reflection paper should be five (5) full pages in length.
The page requirement does not
include the title and reference pages.
• Writing should be in paragraph form, double-spaced, with one-
inch margins on all sides.
Be sure to read the criteria by which your paper will be
evaluated before you write and again
after you write.
PSY310 – Learning Theory
Learning Theories
Evaluation Rubric for Learning Theories Assignment
CRITERIA Deficient Development Needed Proficient
Exemplary

3. 0 – 11 points 12 – 15 points 16 – 17 points 18 – 20 points
Explain the key
theory put forth by
each of the 3
learning theorists.
Component is minimally or
not addressed. Opinions
are offered, but arguments
lack important information
from scholarly sources.
No specific details are
provided, or a few specific
details are provided, but
they lack relevance.
Component is
somewhat
addressed.
Arguments are
partially
supported by
information from
scholarly sources
and only contain a
few specific and
relevant details.
Component is
fairly well
addressed.
Arguments could
be further

4. elaborated with
scholarly sources
and relevant
specific details.
Component is
thoroughly
addressed.
Arguments are
well elaborated
and fully
supported by
scholarly sources
and relevant
specific
examples.
Compare and
contrast the
theories with one
another. Include a
discussion of how
the later theorist(s)
may have been
influenced by the
earlier one(s).
Component is minimally or
not addressed. Opinions
are offered, but arguments
lack important information
from scholarly sources.
No specific details are
provided, or a few specific
details are provided, but

5. they lack relevance.
Component is
somewhat
addressed.
Arguments are
partially
supported by
information from
scholarly sources
and only contain a
few specific and
relevant details.
Component is
fairly well
addressed.
Arguments could
be further
elaborated with
scholarly sources
and relevant
specific details.
Component is
thoroughly
addressed.
Arguments are
well elaborated
and fully
supported by
scholarly sources
and relevant
specific
examples.

6. Discuss at least
TWO practical
applications of
these learning
theories to
explaining and
promoting behavior
change in today’s
world.
Component is minimally or
not addressed. Opinions
are offered, but arguments
lack important information
from scholarly sources.
No specific details are
provided, or a few specific
details are provided, but
they lack relevance.
Component is
somewhat
addressed.
Arguments are
partially
supported by
information from
scholarly sources
and only contain a
few specific and
relevant details.
Component is
fairly well
addressed.

7. Arguments could
be further
elaborated with
scholarly sources
and relevant
specific details.
Component is
thoroughly
addressed.
Arguments are
well elaborated
and fully
supported by
scholarly sources
and relevant
specific
examples.
0 – 5 points 6 – 7 points 8 points 9 – 10 points
Length
Requirements
Body of paper is less than
four pages in length.
Margin and line spacing
requirement may not be
followed.
Body of paper is
four to five pages
in length, but
margin and line
spacing
requirements are

8. not followed.
Body of paper is
four pages in
length, with one-
inch margins, and
line spacing is
double-spaced.
Body of paper is
five full pages in
length, with one-
inch margins, and
line spacing is
double-spaced.
CRITERIA Deficient Development Needed Proficient
Exemplary
0 – 5 points 6 – 7 points 8 points 9 – 10 points
Structure and Flow Flow is poor.
Paragraphing is
inappropriate. Transitions
are minimal or absent.
Significant redundancy is
evident.
Flow is adequate.
Paragraphs may
be too long or too
short. Transitions
are minimal, and
redundancy is

9. evident.
Flow is good.
Paragraphing is
mostly
appropriate.
Transitions are
present, and
redundancies are
minimal.
Flow is excellent.
Paragraphing is
clear, and
transitions are
smooth and
consistent.
Inappropriate
redundancies are
absent.
0 – 5 points 6 – 7 points 8 points 9 – 10 points
Resources Required amount of
resources were not used,
or none of the resources
were from appropriate
sources.
Required amount
of resources were
used, but two
were not from an
appropriate
source.

10. Required amount
of resources were
used, but one was
not from an
appropriate
source.
Required amount
of scholarly
resources were
used from
appropriate
sources.
0 – 5 points 6 – 7 points 8 points 9 – 10 points
Clear and
Professional
Writing and Format
Errors impede
professional presentation;
guidelines not followed.
APA citations are not
included.
Numerous errors
somewhat
interfere with
professional
presentation.
APA citations are
included but
contain numerous
errors.

11. Few errors that do
not impede
professional
presentation.
APA citations are
included, with little
to no errors.
Writing and
format are clear,
professional, and
error-free. APA
citations are
included and are
correct.
“Emerging Trends in IoT in Development Countries: The SWOT
Perspective of Ghana”
Francis Cobbinah
School of Technology: Northcentral University
DIS-9901A V3: Components of the Dissertation
Dr. Reddy Urimind
May 16, 2021

12. Chapter 1
Introduction
After decades of anticipation and discussion, the internet of
things has become a reality across the globe. The IoT has come
with new trends that are creating huge developments and have
continued to extend the online world in a myriad of manner.
Connecting things to people provides vast opportunities for new
ways of learning, responding to issues, and monitoring
situations. The IoT is now a single uniform network of
connected devices, but its various technologies are put together
and working in a coordinating manner to provide several
benefits to people both in developing and developed nations.
The emerging trends in the IoT are making life extraordinarily
facile and accessible for different people. Notably, it's not only
making life simpler, but it's also turning the world into a small
place or village. Thanks to the increasing new trends and
advancements, It has become hugely entrenched in the systems
of even the developing countries. These trends positively
change the different sectors in developing countries like health,
business, agriculture, and people’s lives. These trends are now
w connecting physicals things and work and promoting
activities like people with the help of artificial intelligence and
machine learning.
In developing countries like Ghana, the impact of the
emerging trend in IoT has also been felt. The country has
continued to see the use of IoT technologies in the development
of activities. For instance, in 2017, the government reported
over 2 million individuals who become connects online through
the technology (Hopalı & Vayvay, 2018). Not within the
country has been put through the process of rural
interconnection where people from remote regions can now
access resources and information that were not previously
available. The countries continue to increase their plans for IoT
connections by introducing ICT technologies to help in the

13. socio-economic developments. Through the IoT connection from
urban to rural regions, the country has enhanced health,
eCommerce, and education and made farmers' lives more
accessible across the country (Hopalı & Vayvay, 2018). The
new trends are used to facilitate the large and small businesses ,
which is also benefiting the country to leap big.
Since the technologies continue to move faster and with
tremendous speed, the developing country’s consumers and
businesses are expected to get significant innovations through
IoT, where products are anticipated to be very successful. The
massive growth sees different trends that will help elevate
various sectors (Odoi-Lartey & Danso, 2018). However, despite
the enormous positive growth, the trends in IoT come with
critical challenges. One trend that is of great concern is the
issue of security. Due to the huge increase in the IoT across the
globe, more issues have also emerged. These issues are centered
on security problems like cyber threats, which are a huge risk to
organizations, industries, and individuals. Specifically, these
issues are affecting both developed and developing countries.
Thus a country like Ghana is no exception, and being a
developing country when it comes to the IoT, it faces enormous
risk compared to other countries with sophisticated technology.
Background
The IoT is a huge chance that is highly gaining ground in
the moderns computing world. Since the internet has become of
great significance to people's lives, new technologies have
continued to rise and creating rapid development in the IoT
field (Odoi-Lartey & Danso, 2018). The IoT technology is
characterized by the interconnection of smart objects like radio
frequency identification and sensors, which help transfer data
without human interactions. The progressive developments i n
informatics, telecommunication, and sensors that created a way
to actualize pervasive intelligence have shown the IoT future. It
has found its ways in various applications like transportation,
logistics, health, agriculture, automation, and remote
monitoring (Odoi-Lartey & Danso, 2018). The technologies

14. have not only been felt in the developed countries. Still, they
are also being experienced in the developing countries where
governments have begun to venture and emphasize the
utilization of IoT new trends. The developing countries are
pressuring and investing in the public sector to become more
innovative, collaborative, and open to help in the actualization
of the new trends and be at the global per (Odoi-Lartey &
Danso, 2018). This is because they have realized that the
internet of things is transforming how people live, travel, work
and conduct business. The IoT has become the center of the
industrial and digitals transformation of cities, society, and
organizations. Since the developing nations differ from the
developed nation when it comes to IoT projects, it's essential to
research the realization of IoT within the growing nations.
Therefore, it's important to research the emerging trend in the
IoT in developing countries. Moreover its also essential to have
a survey on a country like Ghana as one of the developing
countries to see where they have reached when it comes to
development, adaptation, challenges, and utilization of IoT
technology.
Problem statement
IoT technological advancements are primarily correlated
with globalization. The information era has increased the
globalization rate due to the widespread of the internets, which
creates an interconnected world (Otu, 2019). Notably, the
adoption of the emerging trend in IoT by the developing
countries has had a profound impact on their economy when it
comes to allowing individuals to communicate over long
distances—reducing the national cost of production, promoting
better health care, and establishing standard quantity. However,
there is no apparent transformation and development process of
how the developing countries have reached when it comes to
IoT technology (Otu, 2019).
Additionally, people have only recently recognized the need for
IoT technologies appropriate for developing nations'
capabilities. The countries have also been faced with challenges

15. of IoT technology diffusion and the uneven penetration and
distribution of the technology within the countries (Ndung’u &
Signé, 2020). For the developing nations to effectively
participate in the IoT market places, they require adequate
resources and expertise to avoid any rapid advances since they
will create more challenges (Otu, 2019). Thus, it's important to
research one of the countries to determine how it has progressed
and how it has adopted the emerging trends in the IoT. It is also
essential to look at some of the challenges, benefits, and
vulnerabilities the developing countries face when it comes to
adapting the IoT technology.
References
Agarwal, Y., & Nethravathi, K. A. (2021). Emerging Trends in
the Internet of Things. In Advances in Manufacturing and
Industrial Engineering (pp. 771-782). Springer, Singapore.
Al-Turjman, F., Kamal, A., Husain Rehmani, M., Radwan, A., &
Khan Pathan, A. S. (2019). The green internet of things (g-iot).
Arora, A., Kaur, A., Bhushan, B., & Saini, H. (2019, July).
Security concerns and future trends of the Internet of Things.

16. In 2019 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Computing,
Instrumentation and Control Technologies (ICICICT) (Vol. 1,
pp. 891-896). IEEE.
Ayebeng Botchway, E., & Yeboah-Boateng, E. O. (2019). IoT
Readiness of Project Management Teams Within Local
Government Organizations in Ghana. International Journal of
Civil Engineering and Technology, 10(07).
Boakye, A., & Babatunde Olumide, O. (2020). The role of the
internet of things (IoT) to support health services in rural
communities. A case study of Ghana and Sierra
Leone. Transnational Corporations Review, 1-8.
Gu, F., Ma, B., Guo, J., Summers, P. A., & Hall, P. (2017).
Internet of things and Big Data as potential solutions to waste
electrical and electronic equipment management: An
exploratory study. Waste Management, 68, 434-448.
Hopalı, E., & Vayvay, Ö. (2018). Internet of Things (IoT) and
its challenges for usability in developing countries. Vol, 2, 6-9.
Kobusińska, A., Leung, C., Hsu, C. H., Raghavendra, S., &
Chang, V. (2018). Emerging trends, issues, and challenges in
the Internet of Things, Big Data, and cloud computing.
Nasajpour, M., Pouriyeh, S., Parizi, R. M., Dorodchi, M.,
Valero, M., & Arabnia, H. R. (2020). Internet of Things for
current COVID-19 and future pandemics: An exploratory
study. Journal of healthcare informatics research, 1-40.
Ndung’u, N., & Signé, L. (2020). The Fourth Industrial
Revolution and digitization will transform Africa into a global
powerhouse. Brookings, Jan, 8.
Odoi-Lartey, B., & Danso, E. (2018). Improving Agricultural
Production using Internet of Things (IoT) and Open Source
Technologies. International Journal of Computer
Applications, 179(21), 36-42.
Otu, L. S. (2019, May). The Internet of Economic Things: The
Socio-Economic Transformation Value of the Internet of Things
(IoT). In 2019 International Conference on Cyber Security and
Internet of Things (ICSIoT) (pp. 109-113). IEEE.
Polat, G. & Sodah, F. (2019). Security issues in IoT: Challenges

17. and countermeasures. ISACA journal 1.
Chapter 1
Introduction
Background
Statement of The Problem
Purpose of The Study
Primary Research Questions
Significance of The Study
Research Design and Methodology
Theoretical Framework
1. Technical Acceptance Model
2. Technical Organization Environmental Model
Assumptions, Limitations and Scope
Definitions of Terms
Summary ( Summary of Ch.1 & Preview of Ch.2)