Antiviral

2.  Antiherpes agents -
Acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir, ganciclovir
idoxuridine, foscarnet
 Antiretroviral agents-
a) Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
(NRTIs):
Zidovudine, stavudine, lamivudine,
didanosine, zalcitabine, abacavir

3. b) Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase
inhibitors (NNRTIs):
Nevirapine, efavirenz, delavirdine
c) Protease inhibitors:
Ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, saquinavir,
lopinavir
 Anti –influenza agents: amantadine
rimantadine

4.  Selectively taken up by the virus
infected cells
 Requires a virus specific enzyme for
conversion to the active metabolite

5. Acyclovir
Acyclovir monophosphate
Acyclovir diphosphate
Acyclovir triphosphate
Inhibits DNA synthesis & viral replication
HSV thymidine kinase
Cellular enzymes
Cellular enzymes

6.  Genital herpes simplex infections
 Mucocutaneous HSV
 Herpetic encephalitis
 Herpetic keratitis
 Herpes zoster
 Chicken pox

7.  Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache
 Neurotoxicity – tremors, confusion,
disorientation, convulsions
 Topical use – irritation, burning & itching