Racial Discrimination

1. APARTHEID
PERNICIOUS SYSTEM DEHUMANIZING INDIVIDUALS
PRESENTED BY
Ms. K.C. Mythili
Assistant Professor
Department of English & other Foreign Languages
SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Ramapuram

2. APARTHEID –
 System of discriminatory political and economic system of
racial segregation imposed on non-whites in South Africa.
 “Separateness” or “Being apart” in Afrikaans.
 Blacks and Whites were kept separate from each other
 Legalized racism- the government, the laws and the courts
supported racism

3.  Racial legislation- 1806
 Extended with the Population Registration Act of 1950
 South Africans into four categories:
1. Bantu (black South Africans)
2. Coloured (mixed race)
3. Asian (Indian and Pakistani South Africans)
4. White
 The Act was implemented by HENDRIK VERWOERD of the
National Party of South Africa, from 1948 until 1994

5. Effects of apartheid
 By 1950, marriage between white and non-white South Africans
were banned
 Series of Land Acts meant more than 80% of the country’s land
was set aside for the white minority
 Between 1961 & 1994, 3.5 million people were forcibly removed
from their homes & their land was sold for a fraction of its price,
throwing them into severe poverty and despair
 Black men and women were forced to live in ‘black homelands’
 Hospitals, ambulances, buses and public facilities were all
segregated
 Non-white participation in government was denied

6. No pass meant jail
 Required permits to live and work in designated ‘white areas’
 Black parents had to carry a passport – Dompas, meaning “a
stupid pass” – when they worked in the white areas.
 Law dating from 1953 made it illegal for black children and their
parents to use buses, park benches, public toilets, hotels, shop
entrances and many other services designated exclusively for
white people. The signs said “white only”.

12.  If caught disobeying apartheid, could be imprisoned, fined or
whipped
 Suspected of being in a racially mixed relationship were hunted
down under the Immorality Acts of 1927 and 1950.
 In 1952, the first significant, non-violent political campaign
took place – the Defiance Campaign, run by the African
National Congress (ANC) & the South African Indian Congress

15. • Nelson Mandela – President of the ANC Youth League – Volunteer-in-
Chief of the 1952 Defiance Campaign played a leading role in
generating large-scale resistance to apartheid
• For 4 months, more than 8,000 volunteers flouted the laws of apartheid
(refused to carry passes/violated curfews/used public places and
facilities designated for white-use only)
• Generated a mass upsurge for freedom within South Africa itself, and
attracted the attention of the United Nations
• In 1961, introduced a controversial, armed wing of the ANC –
‘Umkhonto we Sizwe’ (Spear of the Nation)
• Mandela’s involvement in both peaceful and armed resistance led to a
27-year prison sentence where he was subjected to appalling and
inhumane conditions

16.  On 16 June 1976, black students protested against apartheid education.
Police responded with teargas and live bullets & 13 year-old Hector
Pieterson was shot dead
 Protests continued for 15 years until the end of apartheid
 Amid growing domestic and international pressure and fears of racial
civil war, President F. W. De Klerk released Nelson Mandela in 1990
 Apartheid system in South Africa was ended through a series of
negotiations between 1990 and 1993 and through unilateral steps by
Mandela and De Klerk
 Resulted in the 1994 Multiracial general election in which Mandela led
the African National Congress to victory and became President

17. TREAT EVERYONE WITH
DIGNITY, RESPECT & LOVE
LIVE & LET LIVE
THANK YOU

18. Forbidden families
 Illegal for black and white couples to marry.
 The baby of a black and white couple was called "coloured" and could only
live with his or her black parent.
 Parents found living together, they were charged and sometimes jailed.
Illegal homes
 South Africa- into black and white areas.
 Millions of black children & their families had to leave their homes in "white"
areas and go and live in the "black" areas.
 No proper schools, hospitals or jobs. The children were left with family
members while their parents went to find work in the white people´s homes,
farms and factories. Many children only saw their parents at Christmas.