Apartheid in South Africa

1. APARTHEID IN SOUTH ARICA
by DZAGANE CHARLOTTE
221178243

2. TABLE OF CONTENT
• WHAT IS APARTHEID
• What caused apartheid in south Africa
• Apartheid laws
• The impact of apartheid in Soth Africa
• The end of apartheid in south Africa
• References

3. WHAT IS APARTHEID
 The term ‘apartheid’ is an Afrikaans word meaning
“apartness” or “separation”
 It was a system of racial segregation and discrimination that
was enforced by the South African government from 1848 to
1994
 The apartheid regime enforced strict racial segregation in all
aspects of society ,including residential areas ,education
,employment ,public services and social amenities such as
parks beaches and hospitals
 Individuals were forced to carry identification documents to
prove their racial classification at all times
 There were separate public facilities for each racial group

4. CONTINUED...

5. WHAT CAUSED APARTHEID IN
SOUTH AFRICA
Apartheid in south Africa was primarily caused by a combination of various factors
such as:
Colonial agency:
South Africa got colonized by European powers ,the Dutch and British which laid a
foundation for racial divisions.
Racial ideology:
Racial ideologies such as Darwinism and scientific racism gained popularity ,these
theories justified white supremacy.
Economic factors:
South Africa had abundant mineral resources including gold and diamonds , the
white minority sought to control these minerals viewing black people as threats.

6. CONTINUED…
Economic factors:
South Africa had abundant mineral resources including gold and diamonds ,
the white minority sought to control these minerals viewing black people as
threats.
Political factors:
The national party rose to power in 1948 and implemented apartheid as an
official government policy.
Fear and control:
The minority government of whites feared that the black majority would
challenge their political power hence black people had no rights to vote.

7. APARTHEID LAWS
 During the apartheid era in south Africa a series of laws were enacted to
enforce racial segregation and discrimination
 population registration act (1950),this law required all south Africans to be
classified into racial categories
 Group areas act (1950),this law enforced residential segregations by
designating specific areas for each racial groups
 Bantu Education act (1953),this act established a separate inferior
education for black South Africans
 Prohibitation of mixed marriages Act (1949) and Immorality Act (1950) these
acts prohibited interracial marriages and sexual relationships between
different racial groups

8. CONTINUED…
 Pass laws these laws required non white individuals to carry identity
documents
 Reservation of separate Amenities Act (1953)this law enforced the
segregation of public facilities such as hospitals , parks and schools
provided for different racial groups
 Suppression of communism act (1950) this act was used to suppress political
opposition to apartheid

9. THE IMPACT OF APARTHEID IN
SOUTH AFRICA
 Blacks were forced to move to poor , rural homelands (Buntustan) while
white people had privilege to live in urban cities and towns
 Blacks had no rights to vote
 Blacks had no access to good and better education
 Blacks had no access to better amnesties
 Separate public facilities for blacks and whites where blacks had no access
to better toilets , parks and beaches
 Blacks were kept in low paying jobs

10. THE END OF APARTHEID IN
SOUTH AFRICA
 After segregation and discrimination apartheid finally began to unravel in
1990s
 The negotiations and reforms under president F.W de Klerk and ANC led by
Nelson Mandela took place including the release of Nelson Mandela in
1990
 The apartheid laws were gradually repealed and dismantled
 Democratic elections in 1994 where South Africa held its first non -racial
democratic elections
 The truth and reconciliation which provided victims a platform to share their
experiences and seek amnesty

11. REFERENCES
 Ndolo,N.(2022) Apartheid in South Africa (1948-1994) what is Apartheid,
pp.3
 Ardine ,Ivana & Ribka (2012) The Apartheid system : What is Apartheid ,pp.2
 Masang,L.(2018) Apartheid in South Africa : Effects of Apartheid ,pp.5-6
 Mohot,T.S(2013) Apartheid in South Africa :Impacts of Apartheid ,pp.5-11
 Armellini,A.(2009) Apartheid :What is Apartheid ,What were some of the
laws during Apartheid ,pp.5-6