Summer training in Suratgarh Thermal Power Station Rajasthan, India. Situated near Biradhwal Railway Station with a Power Generation Capacity Of 1500 MW. Presentation is for students who have done there traning from this plant

1. Summer Training
Submitted By: -Shristi Sahu
Branch: - Mechanical Engineering
Year: -4th year

2. Suratgarh Thermal Power Station is the first super thermal
plant of Rajasthan.
Suratgarh super thermal power station is located 27 km from
Suratgarh -15 km from Suratgarh to Biradhwal on NH-15,then
12km in east from NH-15.
Stage I : - Unit 1 and Unit 2 - 2X250 MW
Stage II : - Unit 3 and Unit 4 - 2X250 MW
Stage III : - Unit 5 - 1X250 MW
Stage IV : - Unit 6 - 1X250 MW
Total Power Generation = 1500 MW
Introduction of Thermal power
Plant: -

4. There are basically three cycles going on in a thermal power
plant: -
1. Coal Cycle: - The coal cycle is carried on in Coal Handling Plant
(CHP). The coal cycle start from CHP and ends in the boiler
furnace.
2. Water Cycle: - Water Cycle starts from Hot well and finishes in
Boiler Drum.
 Condensed Water from Condenser is stored in Hot well.
 Water is fed to deaerator.
 From deaerator Water Flow to Boiler Feed Pump (BFP)
Suction site.
 Discharge of BFP flows to Economizer and then to Boiler
Drum
CYCLES: -

5. 3. Steam Cycle: - Steam Cycle starts from Boiler Drum and
condense in Hot well.
 In Boiler Drum, steam is separated from water with the help
of steam separator.
 Dry steam then flows from Boiler Drum to Super Heater and
then flows to High Pressure Turbine (HPT).
 Discharged steam from HPT then flows to Re-heater (in
boiler) and then to Intermediate Pressure Turbine (IPT) and
then to Low Pressure Turbine (LPT) and then to Condenser.
 In condenser steam is condensed into water and water is
collected in hot well.

7. The Thermal Power Plant is basically divided into four parts. They
are as follow: -
1. Coal Handling Plant (CHP): - Fuel from the storage is fed to the
boiler through fuel handling device. The fuel used in S.S.T.P.S.
is coal, which on combustion in the boiler produces ash.
2. Ash Handling Plant (AHP):- The ash produced is collected in the
boiler and is removed to ash storage tank. Ash produced are of
two types: -
(i) wet ash
(ii) dry ash
In S.S.T.P.S both types of ash are utilized in an economical way.
Thermal Power Plant Constituents: -

8. 3. Water Treatment Plant: - In Water Treatment Plant Water is
treated so that no impurities are left in the water to make it
suitable for the working process of Power Plant.
4. Boiler, Turbine, Generator and Control Unit: - These are the
parts where steam is generated and operated. In the Control
Unit each and everything is controlled including auxiliary as
well as main equipment.

9. Coal Handling Plant (CHP) :-It can be called the heart of the
thermal power plant because it provide the fuel for the
combustion in the boiler.
The coal is received from Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh. Coal is
transported here with the help of railway.
The coal handling plant can be divided broadly into three
sections:-
i. Wagon Unloading System
ii. Crushing System
iii. Conveying System
Main Components Of Thermal
Power Plant:-

10. Train containing coal Railway yard Wagon Tripler
HopperTransfer PointRotary Breaker
Coal stock pile Bunker Mill Boiler.

11. Mills :- The coal is fed to the mills from bunker. In the mills, the
coal is crushed into powdered form with the help of Pulveriser.
The mill used in S.S.T.P.S. is ball tube mills. Pulverized coal is
lifted/fed into boiler with the help of air.
Deaerator: - In this chamber air and air bubbles are removed
from the water. Also it provides the necessary pressure so that
the water can easily reach up to the boiler. And hence the cycle
continues.
Boiler :- It is a closed vessel in which water is heated to
generate steam. There are different types of boilers.
In S.S.T.P.S. Natural Circulation, Water Tube Boiler are used.

12.  Fire tube boiler: - In this water partially fills the boiler,
leaving some space for steam produced. In this type of
boiler, heat is transferred in the tubes and as a result water
gets heated in the boiler.

13.  Water tube boiler: - In this type of boiler the water flows in
the tube. These tubes are mounted on the boundary wall of
the boiler or we can say that the boiler wall is made up of
these water carrying tubes. The water in the tubes get heats
from the coal burning in the boiler furnace.

14. Super Heater: - A super heater is a device which removes the
last trace of moisture from the saturated steam leaving the
boiler tubes and also increases its temperature above the
saturation temperature.
Re-Heater: - Re-heaters are provided to raise the temperature
of the steam from which part of energy has already been
extracted from HP turbine. This is done so that the steam
remains dry as far as possible through the last stage of the
turbine.
Economizer: - The function of an economizer in a steam
generating unit is to absorb heat from the flue gases and add
this as sensible heat to fed water. It acts like feed water
heater.

15. Boiler Drum: - Boiler Drum is a pressure vessel. In this place
water and steam gets separated from each other which are
generated in the furnace walls. The steam from boiler drum is
again sent to the Super Heater in the furnace so that
superheated steam can be received. The steam is superheated
so that maximum output can be gained with minimum losses.

16. Steam Turbine: - Steam turbine is a rotating machine which
converts heat energy of steam to mechanical energy.
Super heated steam from boiler High Pressure Turbine
boiler furnaceRe-Heater in Boiler
Intermediate
Pressure Turbine
Low Pressure Turbine Condenser

22. High Pressure Turbine (HPT) and Intermediate Pressure
Turbine (IPT) are uni flow turbine whereas the LPT is bi flow
turbine.

23. Condenser:- The steam here is condensed with the help of
Cooling water (CW) with the help of tubes. Now this water
enters hot well and from there it goes to CEP. In the
condenser the pressure drops to approximately -0.918 kg/cm2.
The pressure in the Condenser is the lowest in comparison to
the whole Power Plant Cycle.
Cooling Tower:- Cooling Tower is a heat rejection device which
rejects waste heat to the atmosphere through the cooling of
a water stream to a lower temperature. The main types of
cooling tower are Natural Draft and Induced Draft cooling
Towers. The classification is based on the type of air induction
in the tower. These are heat removal devices used to transfer
process waste heat to the atmosphere.

24. Fans:- A fan can be defined as a volumetric machine which like
pump moves quantities of air or gas from one place to
another. In doing this it overcomes resistance to flow by
supplying the fluid with the energy necessary for contained
motion. The following fans are used in Boiler house:-
1. Primary Air Fan (PA Fan):- Pulverized coal is directly fed from
coal mills to the burner at the four corners of the furnace
through coal pipes with the help of heated air incoming from
PA fan. Secondly this fan also dries the coal.
2. Forced Draft Fan (FD Fan):- The combustion process in the
furnace can only take place when it receives a steady flow of
air. This air is supplied by FD Fans.

25. 3. Induced Draught Fan (ID Fan): - The Flue gases coming out of
the boiler are passed to the ESP and then dust free gases are
discharged up by the chimney to the atmosphere by the ID Fans.
 Air Preheater: - Air Preheaters are employed to recover the
heat from the flue gases leaving the economizer and are used
to heat the incoming air for combustion. This raises the
temperature of the furnace gases, improves combustion rates
and efficiency.
 ESP : - In an Electro Static Precipitator (ESP) the dust gases are
passed through an intense Electric Field, Which causes
ionization of the gases and they change into ion while
travelling towards opposite charged electrode, gets deposited
as particles and thus dust is electric deposited an electrode
creating the field.

26. Chimney: - The waste air or steam, which can’t be utilised
further are now passed out with the help of chimney in the
atmosphere at atmospheric temperature.
Ash Handling Plant (AHP): - The ash which is stored in the base
of the boiler as a result of residue of heated coal is also
utilised in S.S.T.P.S. Earlier this dry ash was mixed with water
and wet ash was formed, which was a total waste. But now a
days the dry ash is used in cement factories. This ash is also
utilized in other methods such as:-
 Manufacturing of building materials.
 Making of concrete.
 Manufacturing of cement.
 Road Construction etc

27. Water Treatment: -
Water from IG Canal De-silting Chamber
silt is
removed
Pump HouseRaw Water Reservoir
Fire Fighting System
Ash Handling Plant
Coal Handling Plant
Water Treatment PlantClarified Water
Storage Tank
DM Water Plant
Filtration Plant
Circulating Water Pump House
Bearing Cooling Water Plant

28. Generator: - All those three turbines rotates a shaft in the
same direction. This shaft is connected to a generator. This
generator produces the electricity required. From this point
the electricity produced is sent to the Electrical Switchyard via
transformers. Since generator is producing electricity and is
working continuously heat is generated in this part also. And
hence cooling of generator is also important. In S.S.T.P.S
generator is cooled using Hydrogen Gas.
Mechanical Energy Electrical Energy
 Cooling :-
Stator Winding- Direct Water Cooling
Rotor Winding- Hydrogen Cooling
Generator

29. Control Unit: - In Control Room various controls are provided
simultaneously various measurement are made. The unit
Control Room has a set of parameter panels for indicating
and recording parameters of boiler and turbo sets. The
parameters recorded in control room pressure and
temperature of line stream, re-heat steam, feed water, fuel
oil flow, mill outlet temperature, turbine speed, control
valve operation, turbine shaft, axial shaft, back pressure in
condenser, metal temperature etc.

30. Turbine governing System: - The main purpose of
turbine governing is to maintain the desired speed of
the turbine during fluctuation of the load on the
generator by varying the steam input to the turbine.

31.  www.google.co.in
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_power_station
 http://www.rrvunl.com/suratgarh thermal power
station.php
References

32. THANKYOU..!!

33. Any Queries..??