Advent Technologies’ High Temperature PEM fuel cells products: from research to market

1. Advent Technologies’ High Temperature PEM fuel cells
products: from research to market
Friday December 5, 2014
Athens, Greece

2. COMPANY
Foundation and Technology

3. European and Greek Grants
JOULE III 1998-2001, APOLLON 2002-2005,
PYTHAGORAS 2004-2006, PEMHYGEN 2003-2007
PROMETHEAS 2002-2006, APOLLON-B 2006-2009
Polymer Chemistry
Laboratory
University of Patras
Electrocatalysis
Laboratory
FORTH-ICEHT
Company foundation
ADVENT TECHNOLOGIES SA (2005)
ADVENT TECHNOLOGIES INC (2012)
Development of revolutionary
technology in the area of High
Temperature MEAs
Funding from institutional and industrial investors
from Greece and abroad (e.g. Piraeus Bank Capital
Management VC, Sunlight Systems, Velti, Eltpa-
Provoli, Dolphin Capital, ILPRA etc.)

4. Research Activities (100 papers the last 3 years)
Synthesis and properties of processable polymers for light emitting applications
Synthesis and optical properties of rod-coil luminescent block copolymers
Synthesis of alternating branched polymacromonomers
Synthesis of hybrid polymeric nanomaterials
Proton conducting polymeric membranes for use in fuel cell applications
Synthesis and characterization of dendronized polymers
Development of polymeric biocides
Group Leader: Professor J.K. Kallitsis
Advanced Polymers Hybrid Nanomaterials Research
Laboratory (APHNRL)

5. ENERGY-K5-CT-2001-00572
Title: "Advanced PEM fuel cells".
Budget: 248 KEU
Partners: FORTH/ICEHT, De Nora, Max-Planck Institut fur Kohlenforschung,
Technical University of Denmark, Institute of Chemical Technology, Frigoglass S.A.,
National Institute of Chemistry
Duration: 2001-2004
INCO
Title: "Membrane Cell Hydrogen Generator and Electrocatalysis for Water Splitting".
Budget: 248 KEU
Partners: University of Belgrade (YU), Central Laboratoty of Electrochemical Power
Sources (BG), University "St.Cyril and Methodius' - Skopje (MK),
Chemical Industry ZUPA-Krusevac (YU), University of Zagreb (HR).
Duration: 2002-2005
APHNRL-Fuel cell related projects

6. Pythagoras (National project)
Title: “Synthesis and Characterization of polymer membranes for their use in
PEMFC of low and intermediate temperatures”
Budget: 85.000 Euro
Duration: 2004-2006
ΕPAN (National project)
Title: “Fuel cells power production system using methanol as feed”.
Budget: 219.212 Euro
Partners: CERTH, GERMANOS, TROPICAL, FRIGOGLASS
Duration: 2003-2006
APHNRL-Fuel cell related projects

7. Laboratory of Catalysis and Electrocatalysis at ICE-HT
Research Activities
Heterogenius Catalysis
Chemical Reaction Engineering
Applications of Infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
in Catalysis and Electrocatalysis
Electrochemistry
Fuel Cells (solid oxide and PEM)
Group Leader:
Dr Stylianos Neophytides, Director of Research

8. Laboratory of Catalysis and Electrocatalysis-Fuel Cell
Related Projects
European Commission
EESD Programme Contract nr.: NNE5-2001-00187
Title: “Advanced PEM fuel cells”
Budget 800.000 €
Duration:2001-2004
Greek Ministry of Development
Title:" Electricity production by an integrated system comprising a methanol fuel
processor with fuel cells”
Budget 220.000 €
Duration 2004-2007
European Commission
Contract nr.: ENG2-CT2002-20652
Title: “Polymer Electrolytes and Non Noble Metal Electrocatalysts for High
Temperature PEM Fuel Cells”
Funding organization: European Commission
Budget 604.000 €
Duration:2006-2009

9. 9
Membrane Electrode Assembly: core part of PEM fuel cell
Internal Gasket
Membrane
Gas Diffusion
Electrode
Catalyst

10. How does a PEM fuel cell work?

11. Commercialization Strategy
MEA and membrane sales
The Company sells MEAs and membranes directly to fuel cell manufacturers and
to manufacturers of fuel cell sub-assemblies.
Currently, the manufacturers targeted by Advent are primarily in the stationary
and APU markets, with the portable power markets to follow.
The majority of the top fuel cell system developers that are focused on military
and industrial applications today are based in the U.S. and Europe, while the
majority of the leading consumer electronics manufacturers developing portable
fuel cells are based in Japan and Korea.

12. INDUSTRYApplications & Developers, Addressable Markets

13. 13
PEM fuel cell applications
•Reduced Energy Consumption
-Energy efficiency of 70-80% (vs only about 40% by
conventional generation)
-Increased independence from grid electricity and receive
financial savings (reduction of utility bills up to 50%)
•Reduced Emissions
-Energy generation and hot water systems
-Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, compared to
conventional (cut CO2 emissions by 1/3)
 Residential combined heat and power units (ex: 5KW)
Produces electricity, heat and has environmental benefits.
Advent can provide the
membrane electrode assemblies
(MEAs)

14.  Auxiliary power units for caravans (300W)
Maximum output up to 250 W
Minimum running costs and optimum
price/performance ratio
High availability of the energy source (liquid gas).
Low exhaust gas and noise emissions
Operation is independent of time and weather
conditions
Suitable for all standard batteries
Intelligent system for automatic and optimised
battery recharging
PEM fuel cell applications
Advent can provide the membrane
electrode assemblies (MEAs)

15. PEM fuel cell applications
 Automotive applications
7 Fuel Cell
prototypes since
2001
Technology screening
since 2001:
- 4 Fuel Cell technology
- 6 H2 storage systems /
technology
2009
Advent can provide the
membrane electrode assemblies
(MEAs)

16. PEM fuel cell applications
This fuel cell based product delivers up to 25W of continuous maximum
power, weighs just 1.24 kg (2.7 lbs) and is about the size of a hardback book,
making it an ideal portable power source for the computing, communications
and sensing devices used in critical mobile and remote operations such as
military missions, emergency and disaster response, remote surveillance, and
field research and exploration.
 Portable applications (25-50W)
Advent can provide the whole stack

17. TECHNOLOGY / INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
Advent’s Technology, Intellectual Property

18. 1. METHOD to prepare Advent Polymer
From commercial powders to monomers and polymers
2. METHOD to prepare Advent membranes
From polymer powder to films
3. METHOD to prepare Advent electrodes
 From commercial catalyst and carbon cloth to a
Customized electrode
4. METHOD to prepare Advent MEAs
From components to integerated Membrane Electrode
Assembly product
MEA preparation procedure-IP protected

19. Existing pilot production in Greece

20. Intellectual property summary
 Advent has 6 issued patents in the US and Europe.
 Core IP strategy has focus on high temperature PEM technology with collateral
applications such as flexible plastic type photovoltaics additionally addressed.
 Edwards Angel Palmer & Dodge in Boston, and Saul Ewing LLP in Washington, DC are
engaged as the Company’s patent counsel.

21. Advent TPS® MEA: Ideal High Temperature PEM MEAs
•Operation temperature: 150-220oC
•High carbon monoxide tolerance
•Long term stability with small voltage drop
•Endurance under differential pressure
•No need for humidified gases
•Zero degradation under cycling operating conditions
•Easy to mass production due to favorable membrane properties
Advent core MEA product

22. O
N
O YO
n 1-n
X XO
Aromatic Polyether
High Thermal Stability
High Chemical Stability
Pyridine Polar Group
H+ Acceptor site
Hydrogen Bond site
+ =
Membrane, then infuse with acid
O
N
O YO
x y
X XO
N
N
O X
z
O
Advent TPS® concept

23. MEA performance progress
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
0
300
600
900
Currentdensity(mA/cm
2
)at0.5V
Year
Progress at Advent Technologies
facilities
Academic Laboratories
development
Advent Technologies
incorporation
H2/air
New product
Components we worked on:
Membrane
Catalytic layer
Hydrophobic layer
Acid on electrodes
Assembly process
MEA configuration

24. • Increases operation temperature
• Even higher CO content reformate
• Improved mechanical and chemical stability
• Improved thermal integration with other subsystems
10
Properties/Performance Advent TPS® New Cross linked
Advent TPS®
Tg (oC) 250-255 280
Td (5% weight loss) (oC) 415 450
Conductivity (S/cm) 8*10-2 1.4*10-1
Higher operating temperature (oC) 180 220
Voltage at 0.2 A/cm2 (mV)
(no alloy)
650 680
New cross linked Advent TPS®

25. N
NN
N
H
H
[
]
n
+

- H2O
H2N
H2N
NH2
NH2
HOOC COOH
/ PPA Casting & hydrolysis
PBI membrane
Monomers Solution in PPA
• PBI solution from aromatic tetra-amine and aromatic diacids
• PBI/PPA solution contains no organic solvents
• PBI membrane cast directly from reaction solution
PBI membrane chemistry

26. Internal Gasket
Membrane
Gas Diffusion
Electrode
Catalyst
Electrodes and MEAs

27.  Long term stability tests
 CO effect on performance
 Water composition effect on performance
 Pressure effect on performance
 Customized MEAs for specific applications
Quality control and development according to market needs

28. Temperature: 180oC
Ambient pressure
Feed: H2/Air
Anode: 1.2
Cathode: 2.0
Influence of CO content on performance for new generation
Advent TPS®
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
0
80
160
240
320
400
480
560
640
720
800
880
960
Powerdensity,mWcm
-2
Voltage,mV
Current density, A cm-2
H2
/Air
(70% H2
, 1% CO, 29% CO2
)/Air
(70% H2
, 2% CO, 28% CO2
)/Air
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450

29. New directions
Advent is moving forward to the development of HTPEM stacks and systems based on its
proprietary technology
During the past years Advent was mainly an MEA provider with low revenues due to the low
market development of fuel cells and the limited number of MEAs and end users attributed to the
recent development of HTPEM fuel cell technology.
On the development of new HTPEM fuel cell systems Advent will address the final consumer by
controlling the cost throughout the production chain. In this way it will be able to affect and develop
the fuel cell market penetration.
Advent HT PEM technology is combined with fuel processors companies for hydrogen production
forming a state of the art integrated energy system.
The power outputs of the integrated systems will range from 50W to 10kW both for off grid
remote and back-up power applications as well as cost and energy efficient stationary residential
applications.

30. Stack & System development
Advent has already developed a fuel cell stacks of 300 W and 1kW power output for use
as a battery charger.
Fuel cell stack specs (300W):
Operating Temperature: 170-180oC
Number of MEAs: 25
Type of MEAs: Advent TPS®
Net power output :300W
Dimensions: 20 cm (h) x 28 cm (l) x 22 cm (w)
Voltage output: 24VDC (battery charger)
 Fuel cell stacks as auxilliar power units

31. Power system based on LPG, hydrogen and HT PEM fuel cell integrated with battery for off-
grid applications.
System specs:
Fuel: Commercial propane or LPG
Hydrogen production technology:Steam reforming
Fuel Cell: High temperature PEM
Net power output: 300W
Voltage output: 24VDC (battery charger)
 Auxilliar power units for refrigerators (300W)
ADVENT HAS PROVIDED THE FUEL CELL STACK
Stack & System development

32. Stack & System development

33. Regenerative PEM Fuel cells for telecom satellites
Technology characteristics:
Operating Temperature: 25-180°C
Reactants: H2/O2
Products: H2O
 Reversible/Regenerative operation through
water PEM electrolysis (1.5 kW) and high temperature PEM
fuel cell (3 kW) (compact system with simplified balance of
plant no compressors needed for gas storage)
 Life support (O2 production)
Key issues:
Lifetime
Degradation
Gas storage (pressurized gases, metal hydrides)
Heat management
Water management
ESTEC Contract No. 4000109578/13/NL/SC
Contract started on March 2014
Technology Readiness Level TRL 5-6

34. DEMMEA
Contract No245156
Understanding the Degradation Mechanisms of Membrane-Electrode-Assembly for High Temperature
PEMFCs and Optimization of the Individual Components
IRAFC
Contract No 245202
Development of an Internal Reforming Alcohol High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Stack
DEMSTACK
Contract No: To be signed
Understanding the degradation mechanisms of a high temperature PEMFC stack and optimization of the
individual components
IRMFC
Contract No: To be signed
Development of a portable internal reforming methanol high temperature PEM fuel cell system
ESA
Contract No: To be signed
Development of a closed loop Regenerative HT-PEM Fuel Cell system
SPIN OFF SPIN OUT
Project code No: 1KAIN2009A
Combined system of hydrogen and energy production
European and national projects

35. ODIKES
Project code No: 09SYN-51453
Design and development of a hybrid power system for automotive vehicles
Eurostars
Project code No: E!5094
Development of a combined hydrogen and power production system with high temperature PEM fuel cells
European and national projects

36. Conjugated Polymers : Core materials for optoelectronic
devices

37. Advent strategy towards Conjugated Polymers

38. Background in the Organic Electronic Materials
(Conjugated Polymers) Field
European and Greek Grant Funding
- NANORGANIC 2010-2012
- ADVEPOL 2012-2014
- SMARTONICS 2013-2016
- OSNIRO 2014-2017
- MATHERO 2014-2016
PartnersPartners
European and Greek Grant Funding
- NANORGANIC 2010-2012
- ADVEPOL 2012-2014
- SMARTONICS 2013-2016
- OSNIRO 2014-2017
- MATHERO 2014-2016
Partners
Customers
• Sigma Aldrich
• Merck Chemicals
• Instituto Italiano di
technologica
Partners
Industries
SIEMENS, ARKEMA, EIGHT19,
NIKOIA
Academy
University of Erlangen
University of Wuppertal
Imperial College of London
Fraunhofen Institute
Karlshure Institute
Eidhoven University
Chalmers University

39. www.advent-energy.com
info@advent-energy.com
Headquarters:
222 Pitkin Street, Suite 101
East Hartford
CT 06108
T: (860) 291 8832
F: (860) 291 8874
Product development / R&D:
Patras Science Park
Stadiou Str., GR 26504
Patras, Greece
T: +30 2610 911580-4
F: +30 2610 911585
COME TO SEE US AT BOOTH D72