2. A mighty River
What makes the Nile River unique? What did the Egyptians use the
Nile for?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The narrow cliffs and boulders form
wild rapids called?
What did this prevent?
• It is the longest river in the
world
• Flooding was predictable and
gentle, from June to October.
(good for farming)
Cataracts
Large ships from navigating the river
Drinking water
Bathing
Farming (water crops)
Cooking
Food (Fish)
3. A Sheltered Land
What does the Nile Valley
look like?
What is the area of fertile soil
called in Lower Egypt?
Fertile soil near the river was
called what?
What do the Egyptians call the
desert and why?
A narrow, green valley
Delta
Black Land
“The Red Land”
because of the burning
heat
Satellite images of
Nile Delta
Nile Valley
Sahara Desert
4. What were Egypt’s natural borders
that helped keep out armies?
1. 2.
3.
Cataracts
Sahara Desert
Cataracts Delta
Marshes
Sahara Desert
5. Economics
What did the Mediterranean Sea and
Red Sea allow the Egyptians to do?
Gave the Egyptians a way
to trade with people
outside of Egypt
Most Egyptians
were__FARMERS__.
They mainly produced
_Wheat_, __ Barley _,
and ___ Flax _.
Trade and transportation
Other than farming, how did the Nile provide
for Egyptian economic needs?
6. What did the Mediterranean
Sea and Red Sea allow the
Egyptians to do?
What did people within Egypt
use the Nile for?
Most Egyptians were
___________. They mainly
produced
________________________.
Trade and transportation
Gave the Egyptians a
way to trade with
people outside Egypt
farmers
wheat, barley, and flax
7. Economics
What kind of natural resources did
Egypt have?
Egypt was rich with
resources. They had gold,
gems, stone, and copper
What did the Egyptians
trade with?
Egypt traded with
its many natural
resources and
surplus of food.
Egypt needed wood; the Nile
River valley had very few trees
good for building. They also
wanted luxury goods from
Mesopotamia.
What did Egypt trade for?
9. Pyramids are huge stone
TOMBS with four
triangular sides that
meet in a point on the
top. Historians are unsure
how they were built.
The size and shape of the
pyramids showed the
importance of pharaohs.
They were the people’s link
to the gods, so the
Egyptians wanted their
spirits to be happy.
Pyramids displayed high organization and amazing
engineering skill.
10. Egyptian Science
• Great advances in medicine
• Egyptians masters of human anatomy, as evidenced by
making mummies.
• Doctors treated wounds, performed surgery
• Prescribed regimens of basic hygiene to prevent illness
Egyptian Math
• Very good at Geometry
• Created base 10 system we use today
• Created 365 day calendar based on the sun
11. Egyptians used the papyrus plant that grew along the Nile to
make paper-like sheets. Papyrus was light, strong, and a
scribe could save large amounts of information on it.
The Egyptians were prolific writers who recorded events in great
detail and composed beautiful songs and stories. However,
before they could create even the simplest tale, they needed a
system of writing.
• The main Egyptian
writing system
• Used picture symbols
• formal writing, stone monuments,
religious texts
• Difficult to learn, time consuming
Hieroglyphics
Egyptian Writing
