Micro Hydro Power Background
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Micro hydro power background concepts, including general electric energy production, large scale hydroelectric production, small scale and run of the river micro hydro, pelton wheels, classifications, case studies, etc.
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Micro Hydro Power Background
- 2. Photos from Wikipedia under GFDL. See notes for more.
- 3. Micro Hydro Power • Adapted from: –Don Harris –Practical Action –Appropedia –Energy Information Administration
- 4. 34% 1% 32% 20% 6% 7% Electrical Generation in the United States December 2014 to November 2015 Total: 4,098 TWh Coal Petroleum liquids and coke Gases (mostly natural gas) Nuclear Hydroelectric Other renewables
- 5. Most of that 6% is from large hydroelectric plants http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sayano-Shushenskaya_hydroelectric_station.jpg
- 6. Size Power Output Typical Use Large >10MW Usually part of a large grid. Small 1MW-10MW Usually grid intertied. (up to 50MW in Canada[1]) Mini 100kW-1,000kW (1MW) Community and industry. Often grid intertied. Micro 1kW-100kW Small low energy consuming community, small industry, rural high energy consuming household. Usually off-grid. Pico <1kW Radio tower, low energy consuming household, charging station. Almost always off grid. Classification
- 7. Size Power Output Large >10MW Small 1MW-10MW Mini 100kW-1,000kW (1MW) Micro 1kW-100kW Pico <1kW What does that look like? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gluehlampe_01_KMJ.png
- 9. • Svinurayi Microhydro, Zimbabwe • The power of water electrifies remote Andean villages – Practical Action Peru • El Limon Microhydro, Dominican Republic
- 10. Micro Hydro •Small in scale •Minimum environmental impact •Site specific: you must have the resource •Affordable •Consistent: Produces continuously, 24/7 Don Harris
- 11. High head Medium head Low head Impulse turbines Pelton Turgo Multi-jet Pelton cross-flow multi-jet Pelton Turgo cross-flow Reaction turbines Francis Pump-as-turbine (PAT) propeller Kaplan Classification of turbine types. Source: Micro-hydro Design Manual, IT Publications, 1993 Types of Systems
- 13. Turbines are turned by water. That turning motion drives a generator which produced electricity. Don Harris
- 14. The Intake Screen Start of Penstock Steam Flow The intake’s job: Filter and Settle Build it either: Simple and easy to repair Or Bullet-proof Don Harris Diverting clean water into the penstock
- 15. The Intake Screen Start of Penstock Steam Flow A dirty creek may need more settling time Overflow Don Harris Diverting clean water into the penstock
- 16. A full pipe; delivering clean water to the turbine Don Harris Penstock
- 18. Penstock Support System Don Harris PVC likes to stay straight; HDPE can follow the contour of the ground
- 19. Alternative Power & Machine • Economy models • Permanent magnet units • Accessories • Exercise Bicycle Type Battery Chargers, etc. • Niche: Ease of maintenance and adjustment www.apmhydro.com Don Harris
- 21. 3D Printed!
- 22. Classifications, howtos, equations and follow-ups at: http://www.appropedia.org/Microhydro
Editor's Notes
- Mohave Power Station , a 1,580 MW coal power plant near Laughlin, Nevada , out of service since 2005 due to environmental restrictions [1] The Susquehanna Steam Electric Station , a boiling water reactor . The reactors are located inside the rectangular containment buildings towards the front of the cooling towers .