Grade 9 - Art Lesson - First Quarter

2. ARCHITECTURE

3. Ancient Era

4. Pre-Historic
Architecture

7. MENHIR

14. Egyptian
Architecture

15. Egyptian Architecturea
Characteristics:
1. The structure has
thick sloping walls
with few openings to
obtain stability.

16. 2. The exterior and
interior walls along with
columns and piers were
covered with
hieroglyphics and pictorial
frescoes and carvings
painted in brilliant colors.

17. 3. Ornamentations were
symbolic including scarab
(sacred beetle), solar disk
and vulture, common
motifs (palm leaves, buds,
flower of lotus, and papyrus
plants)

18. 4. Temples were
aligned with
astronomically
significant events

19. “Pyramids of Giza”

20. It is the most substantial
ancient structure of the
world. The three pyramids
are the funerary
structures of the three
kings of the fourth
dynasty.

22. “Mastaba”

23. It is a type of Egyptian
tomb in the form of a flat-
roofed, rectangular
structure with outward
sloping sides. It was made
of mud-bricks or stone.

24. Classical Era

25. Greek
Architecture

26. Temples consisted of a
central shrine or room in an
aisle surrounded by rows of
columns. These buildings
were designed in one of
three architectural style or
orders

27. DORIC
IONIC
CORINTHIAN

28. “The Parthenon”

29. The Greatest Classical temple,
ingeniously engineered to correct
an optical illusion. The columns
were slightly contorted, swollen at
the center and leaning inward to
correct what would otherwise
have been an impression of
deadness and top heaviness.

30. Roman
Architecture

31. They built sturdy stone structures
both for use and to perpetuate
their glory.
The emperors erected huge halls
and arenas for public games, baths
and procession. They built them of
gigantic arches of stone, bricks and
concrete or with barrel vaults.

32. “The Colosseum”

33. When Was It Built?
The Colosseum was commissioned by the emperors
Vespasian and Titus, and was finished in 80 AD. Its
completion was commemorated by 100 days of ceremony
and games.
Gladiators and Games
The Colosseum was designed for sports, such as fights
between gladiators and wild beasts. Its semi-circular
structure housed 50,000 spectators
How It Survived
Unlike earlier Roman amphitheaters, the materials used
were built to last: concrete for the foundations, travertine
for the piers, tufa infill and brick-faced concrete

34. Medieval Era

35. Byzantine
Architecture

36. It has a lot in common with
the early Christian
architecture. Mosaic
decoration was perfected by
the Byzantines, as was the
use of clerestory to bring
light in from high windows.

37. “Hagia Sophia”

39. Hagia Sophia means “Holy Wisdom”.
It narrates how a magnificent
construction transformed from being
a church, into a mosque and what is
now known as the Hagia Sophia
museum. One of the biggest domes
ever created with diameter of 108
feet and because of its grand size it
can still be seen from miles away.

40. Romanesque
Architecture

41. It displays solid masonry
walls, rounded arches
and masonry vaults. It is
the period of great
building activities in
Europe: castles, churches,
and monasteries.

42. The groin-vaulted crypt of “Worcester Cathedral”

43. Gothic
Architecture

44. This design included two new
devices: pointed arch which
enabled builders to construct
much higher ceiling vaults and
stone vaulting borne on a
network of stone ribs
supported by piers and
clustered pillars.

47. Cathedral
of Chartres
A.K.A
“Notre Dame
Cathedral”

48. - Splendid stained
glass windows
(Colored glass used
to form decorative or
pictorial design)

49. - Has rich
architecture and
design
- Thousands of
sculptured figures