Myelitis is a spinal disorder. Myelitis is the infection of the white matter of spinal cord.

2. Myelitis may be a painful and complicated disease, but in can be treated. And
from diagnosis of the disease to treatment motivation and will power would be
the main strength for a patient.
Overview of myelitis:Myelitis involves the infection or the
inflammation of the white matter or gray matter of the spinal cord which is a
part of the central nervous system that acts as a bridge between the brain and
the rest of the body.
 During an inflammatory response in the spinal cord, the myelin and axon may
get damage which can cause symptoms such as paralysis and sensory loss.
 Myelitis can be divided into certain types depended on the area of the cause of
inflammation.
 Myelitis mainly occurs in narrow region that can go and spread to other broad
regions.

3. The symptoms of early myelitis can be-
 Pain in your lower back
 Weakness or paralysis in your legs or arms
 Sensitivity to touch to the point where slight fingertip pressure causes
pain
 Numbness or a pins-and-needles feeling in your toes, feet, or legs
 Problems controlling your bladder or bowels
 Muscle spasms
 Fever
 Loss of appetite

4. With the coming of symptoms the symptoms can go
worse within some hours. But in most case, the
symptoms hit peaks in 10 days.
Myelitis is most common in younger people within the
age of 10 to 19 and from 30 to 39 are at higher risk.
Like multiple sclerosis, myelitis is common in
women than men.
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5.  Poliomyelitis-Disease caused by infection in gray matter
which shows symptoms of muscle paralysis and weakness.
 Transverse myelitis-It occurs when both side of one section
of the spinal cord gets damaged. Many times the covering
of the nerve cells, the myelin gets damaged.
 Meningococcal Myelitis (or meningomyelitis): lesions
occurring in the region of meninges and the spinal cord
 Though there are three types of myelitis the most common
myelitis is the transverse myelitis an doctors, and people
often refer to any inflammatory attack in spinal cord as
transverse myelitis.

6.  The exact reason of myelitis is not known. But there are certain
conditions which can cause inflammation. They are-
 Virus or other infection-Recent infection in respiratory tract or
gastrointestinal tract can cause myelitis. Mostly myelitis occurs after
infection is over.
 Viruses that can infect the spinal cord directly are herpes viruses,
including the one that causes shingles and chickenpox (zoster),
enteroviruses, and West Nile virus.
 Other viruses may trigger an autoimmune reaction without directly
infecting the spinal cord.
 Parasites may infect the spinal cord in a rare condition, and some
bacteria such as that of Lyme disease can cause a painful inflammation
in the nerve roots of the spinal cord.
 Multiple sclerosis-It is a disease when the body's immune system
affects the spinal cord cells. Transverse myelitis can be the first sign of
multiple sclerosis.

7.  Neuromyelitis optica (Devic's disease) -It is a condition that
causes inflammation and myelin loss around the spinal cord and
the nerve in the eye.
 Transverse myelitis can be associated with neuromyelitis
optica,which can affect both side of the body and can lead to eye
problems even temporary vision loss.
 However people may not have any symptoms of Neuromyelitis
optica, only can show symptoms of Myelitis.
 Autoimmune disease-It can cause myelitis in some people.As,
antibody affection the spinal cord can sometime lead to
transverse myelitis.
 Vaccinations -using vaccines for infectious diseases
including hepatitis B, measles-mumps-rubella and diphtheria-
tetanus vaccines have occasionally been associated as a possible
trigger.
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8.  Intravenous steroids: Steroids are given to reduce inflammation in the
spinal column.
 Plasma exchange therapy: Patient snot responding to steroids may be
given therapy of plasma exchange.Here the plasma in bone marrow is
replaced with another fluid.
 Antiviral medication. Patients having myelitis from viral infection can
be treated with medicines against virus.
 Therapy against complications:
 Pain medication. Chronic pain is a common complication of transverse
myelitis. Medications that may lessen muscle pain include common
pain relievers, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol, others), ibuprofen
(Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve.)
 Nerve pain may be treated with antidepressant drugs, such as sertraline
(Zoloft), and anticonvulsant drugs, such as gabapentin (Neurontin,
Gralise) or pregabalin (Lyrica).

9.  People who have been diagnosed with antibody
against neuromyelitis optica should undergo
medications for that such as corticosteroids and/or
immunosuppressant, to reduce their chances of more
transverse myelitis attacks or developing optic
neuritis.
 Psychotherapy-To deal with anxiety, derpression and
long term complications which may affect the patient's
emotions.
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10.  Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) -It uses a magnetic
field and radio waves to create 3-D images of soft tissues.
An MRI can show inflammation of the spinal cord, and
other potential causes of the symptoms, including
abnormalities affecting the spinal cord or blood vessels.
 Lumbar puncture (spinal tap) -In this technique a needle is
used to draw small amount of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF),
the protective fluid surrounding the spinal cord and brain.
People with transverse myelitis, show abnormally high
level of white blood cells in CSF or immune system
proteins that indicate inflammation.
 Blood tests-Antibody blood tests can be done which checks
for antibodies associated with neuromyelitis optica.

11.  People with transverse myelitis can experience complications for
further long periods which are:
 Pain, one of the most common long-term complications of the
disorder.
 Stiffness, tightness or painful spasms in the muscles (muscle
spasticity). This is most common in the hips and legs.
 Partial or total paralysis of your arms, legs or both. This may persist
after the first symptoms.
 Sexual dysfunction, it can be common complication for both men
and women.
 Depression or anxiety, which is common in those with long-term
complications .It is because of the significant changes in lifestyle, the
stress of chronic pain or disability and the impact of sexual
dysfunction, Overview Diagnosis

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