An atomic laser uses rarefied gases as an active medium that is excited by an electric discharge to emit matter waves. One example is the helium-neon laser, which employs a four-level pumping scheme using a mixture of 10% helium and 1% neon as the active medium. It operates in continuous wave mode and consists of a glass discharge tube filled with the helium-neon mixture. High voltage ionizes the gases, transferring kinetic energy to the atoms through collisions and exciting the neon atoms, which act as the active centers and undergo laser transition while the helium atoms help efficiently excite the neon.

1. ATOMIC LASER
Made by:- KUNWAR SINGH
1300331015
EC (IIISEM)
(a type of gas laser)

2.  One of the type of gas laser.
 Rarefied gases are active media.
 Excited by an electric discharge.
 Emits matter wave.
 To excite atoms, sources with sharp wavelength are
required.
 Ex: He-Ne laser

3.  He-Ne laser is an atomic laser.
 Employs 4-level pumping scheme.
 Helium-Neon laser was one of the first
laser ever developed.
 Active medium:
10 part of He to
1 part Ne
 operates in continuous wave mode.

4. Fig: schematic of he-ne laser.

5.  Consist of a glass discharge tube.
 Filled with a mixture of He-Ne .
 Electrodes are connected with high power supply.
 Neon are the active centres and have the energy level
suitable for laser transition.
 While He atoms help efficient excitation of Ne atoms.
Description:

6. Working:
• High dc voltage ionizes the gas to conduct electricity.
• e- transfer K.E. to atom by inelastic collision.
• Atoms of kind A are initially excited by e- impact.
• And they in turn transfer their energy to atoms of kind B
which are the actual active centre.

7.  Applications:
The fields in which He-Ne laser is applied are given-
 Interferometry
 Laser printing
 Bar code reading
 As pointing and directional reference beam

8. THANK YOU !

9. ANY QUESTION ?