presentation on Tsunami.

1. CENTURION UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT
(PKD)
TSUNAMI
Guided by-
SOVAN SANKALP
Presented by :-
KUNDAN KUMAR(190101110023)
Branch – B.Tech (CIVIL)
PRESENTATION

2. CONTENT
 INTRODUCTION
IMPACT
WARNING SYSTEM
CASE STUDY
CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION
A tsunami is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of
water, generally in an ocean or a large lake. sunamis are giant waves caused by earthquakes or
volcanic eruptions under the sea. Out in the depths of the ocean, tsunami waves do not
dramatically increase in height. But as the waves travel inland, they build up to higher and higher
heights as the depth of the ocean decreases. Tsunami waves may travel as fast as jet planes over
deep waters, only slowing down when reaching shallow waters. While tsunamis are often referred
to as tidal waves, this name is discouraged by oceanographers because tides have little to do with
these giant waves.

4. What is the impact of a tsunami on people and the environment?
 Tsunamis not only destroy human life, but have a devastating effect on insects,
animals, plants, and natural resources. A tsunami changes the landscape. It uproots
trees and plants and destroys animal habitats such as nesting sites for birds.

5. CAUSES OF TSUNAMI
SEISMICITY :- Tsunamis can be generated when the sea floor Suddenly deforms and
vertically displaces the overlying water. Tectonic earthquakes are a particular kind of
earthquake that are associated with the Earth's crustal deformation; when these earthquakes
occur beneath the sea, the water above the deformed area is displaced from its equilibrium
position.

6. Cont……
LANDSLIDE :- Tsunamis are large, potentially deadly and destructive sea waves, most of which are
formed as a result of submarine earthquakes. These landslides, in turn, are often triggered by
earthquakes.In the 1950s,The Darjeeling landslide disaster appears to have been triggered by a strong
rainfall event on 12th June 1950, in which 546 mm of rainfall fell. As a result, 127 people are known to have
died in the landslides.

7. Man-made or triggered Tsunami :-There has been considerable speculation on the possibility of
using nuclear weapons to cause tsunamis near an enemy coastline. Tsunamis are hallmarked by permanent
large vertical displacements of very large volumes of water which do not occur in explosions. Global warming is
the increase in the earth’s average temperature due to the release of several greenhouse gases to the
atmosphere by humans. Global warming is affecting many parts of the world. Due to global warming, the
glaciers are melting which is causing the rise in the sea level. When the level of the sea rises, it causes danger to
the people living in low lying areas.

8. TSUNAMI WARNING SYSTEM
According to experts from the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information System (INCOIS), India
is much safer against tsunami threats than it was in 2004, due to the establishment of a state-of-
the-art tsunami early warning system at INCOIS.
 The Indian Tsunami Early Warning System (ITEWS) was established in 2007 and is based at & operated by
INCOIS, Hyderabad.
 ITEWS comprises a real-time network of seismic stations, tide gauges and a 24X7 operational tsunami
warning centre to detect tsunamigenic earthquakes, to monitor tsunamis and to provide timely advisories to
vulnerable communities.

9. Cont…….
 It is an integrated effort of different organizations including the Department of Space (DOS),
Department of Science and Technology (DST), the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
(CSIR), Survey of India (SOI) and National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT).
 Indian scientists can detect large undersea earthquakes in Indian Ocean in real-time and
provide a tsunami warning in 10-20 minutes after the earthquake occurs.
 In 2004, India didn’t have any tsunami warning capability nor any public knowledge of
tsunamis in the Indian Ocean.

10. CASE STUDY
Indian Ocean Tsunami 2004 :- On December 26, 2004, a masssive tsunami triggered by an undersea
earthquake in Indonesia struck the south Indian coast on a Sunday morning. Giant waves swallowed
many, with Cuddalore and Nagapattinam (Tamil Nadu) districts bearing the brunt, even as nearly 7,000
people were killed in Tamil Nadu. Strong and fast tides swept distant populated coastlines many hours
after the generating earthquake hit the north tip of Sumatra. The death toll is expected to rise as
millions remain homeless without adequate food, water, sanitation, or medical care. The problem is
exacerbated by geography, politics, and economics.

11. This Quick Bird satellite image of the southwestern coast of Sri Lanka, just south of Colombo in a
resort area called Kalutara, was made shortly after the moment of tsunami impact, at 10.20 a.m.
local time on Sunday, slightly less than four hours after the earthquake. The tsunami took an hour
to reach the coast of Indonesia and two Indian islands, another hour to hit Thailand and Sri Lanka
and a full six hours to reach Africa. That provided ample time for many of the victims to have been
warned of its approach and to have taken action to get to higher ground and save themselves.
Cont….

12. Cont….

13. CONCLUSION
Tsunami is one form of waves that caused displacement of a large volume of water in the ocean.
When the tsunami wave enters shallow water wave heights will increase up to tens of meters and
then hit the beach with great force. Tsunami is an ever-present and real threat for the these
islands of the Indian Ocean due to the presence of a tectonic interactive plate.Their disaster
management priority is the development of an early tsunami warning system in order to
effectively and timely communicate with all the people in that region. Disaster management
should involve national, regional, and international organizations at all levels in order to develop
tsunami program, fund tsunami projects, and continue research program.

14. Thank you