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1. PRESENTED BY ;
Khizar ali
PRESENTED TO
;
Sir Talha
42716

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
•WHAT IS A BRIDGE.?
•DIFFERENT TYPES OF BRIDGES.
•PART OF BRIDGE .
•HISTORY WORKING.

3. BRIDGE
• BRIDGE IS A STRUCTURE BUILT TO SPAN A
VALLEY, ROAD, RIVER, BODY OF WATER, OR
ANY OTHER PHYSICAL OBSTACLE.
• DESIGNS OF BRIDGES WILL DEPENDING ON
THE FUNCTION OF THE BRIDGE AND THE
NATURE OF THE AREA WHERE THE BRIDGE
IS TO BE CONSTRUCTED.

4. Asia
1,304 years
ago
Romans
2,104 years ago
Clapper Bridge
Tree trunk
Stone
Arch design
evenly distributes
stresses
Natural concrete
made from mud
and straw
Roman Arch Bridge
History of Bridge Development
Great Stone Bridge in China
Low bridge
Shallow arch
Allows boats
and water to pass
through

5. History of Bridge Development
Truss Bridges
Mechanics of
Design
Wood
Suspension Bridges
Use of steel in
suspending cables
1900
1920
Prestressed
Concrete
Steel
2000

6. TYPES OF BRIDGES
THERE ARE SIX MAIN TYPES OF BRIDGES:
1. BEAM BRIDGES
2. CANTILEVER BRIDGES
3. ARCH BRIDGES
4. SUSPENSION BRIDGES
5. CABLE-STAYED BRIDGES AND
6. TRUSS BRIDGES

7. BEAM BRIDGES
CONSISTS OF A HORIZONTAL BEAM
SUPPORTED AT EACH END BY PIERS. THE
WEIGHT OF THE BEAM PUSHES STRAIGHT
DOWN ON THE PIERS. THE FARTHER
APART ITS PIERS, THE WEAKER THE BEAM
BECOMES. THIS IS WHY BEAM BRIDGES
RARELY SPAN MORE THAN 250 FEET.

8. BEAM BRIDGE
•FORCES
WHEN SOMETHING PUSHES DOWN ON
THE BEAM, THE BEAM BENDS. ITS TOP EDGE
IS PUSHED TOGETHER, AND ITS BOTTOM
EDGE IS PULLED APART.

10. CANTILEVER BRIDGES
• A CANTILEVER BRIDGE IS A BRIDGE BUILT USING
CANTILEVERS: STRUCTURES THAT PROJECT
HORIZONTALLY INTO SPACE, SUPPORTED ON ONLY ONE
END.

11. ARCH BRIDGES
• THE ARCH HAS GREAT NATURAL STRENGTH.
THOUSANDS OF YEARS AGO, ROMANS BUILT
ARCHES OUT OF STONE. TODAY, MOST ARCH
BRIDGES ARE MADE OF STEEL OR CONCRETE,
AND THEY CAN SPAN UP TO 800 FEET.

12. Forces
The arch is squeezed together, and this squeezing
force is carried outward along the curve to the
supports at each end. The supports, called
abutments, push back on the arch and prevent the
ends of the arch from spreading apart.
Types of Bridges
Arch Bridges

14. Suspension Bridges
This kind of bridges can span 2,000 to 7,000 feet --
way farther than any other type of bridge! Most
suspension bridges have a truss system beneath the
roadway to resist bending and twisting.
Types of Bridges

15. Forces
In all suspension bridges, the roadway hangs from
massive steel cables, which are draped over two
towers and secured into solid concrete blocks, called
anchorages, on both ends of the bridge. The cars
push down on the roadway, but because the
roadway is suspended, the cables transfer the load
into compression in the two towers. The two towers
support most of the bridge's weight.
Types of BridgesSuspension Bridges

18. CABLE-STAYED BRIDGES
The cable stayed bridge is newer than the other
types of bridge. Large upright steel supports are
used to transmit the load into the ground.

20. Truss Bridge
All beams in a truss bridge are straight. Trusses are
comprised of many small beams that together can
support a large amount of weight and span great
distances.

22. Thank
you