Basic study of compound, stereo and comparison microscopy

1. Compound microscope and
Stereo microscope &
Comparison microscope
Submitted to- Ketan sir
SVVV, Indore
Submitted by- Isha Sahu

2. Compound microscope:-
• Compound microscope is a microscope with more
than one lense and its own line source.
• In this type of microscope their are ocular lense in
the binocular eye piece and objective lense in a
rotating nose piece closer to the specimen.

3. • The three basic, structural components of a
compound microscope are the head, base and arm.
• Head/Body houses the optical parts in the upper
part of the microscope
• Base of the microscope supports the microscope
and houses the illuminator
• Arm connects to the base and supports the
microscope head. It is also used to carry the
microscope.

5. Construction of compound
microscope are based on
two types:-
* Mechanical system
* Optical system

6. The mechanical system is
composed of six parts:-
* Base
* Arm
* Stage
* Body tube
* Coarse adjustment
* Fine adjustment

7. The optical system is made up of
four types:-
* illuminator
* Condenser
* Objective lens
* Eyepiece or occular lense

8. SEM :-
A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is a type of
electron microscope that produces images of a
sample by scanning the surface with a focused beam
of electrons.
The electron beam is scanned in a raster scan
pattern, and the position of the beam is combined
with the detected signal to produce an image.

9. Principles
• The signals used by a scanning electron microscope
to produce an image result from interactions of the
electron beam with atoms at various depths within
the sample.
• Various types of signals are produced including
secondary electrons (SE), reflected or back-
scattered electrons (BSE), characteristic X-rays and
light (cathodoluminescence)

10. Applications:
• Gunshot residue analysis.
• Firearms identification (bullet markings
comparison)
• Examination of paint particles and fibres.
• Handwriting and print examination / forgery.
• Counterfeit bank notes.
• Trace comparisons.

11. Comparion microscope
*A comparison microscope is a device used to
observe side-by-side specimens.
* It consists of two microscopes connected to
an optical bridge, which results in a split view
window.

13. History of comparison
microscope.
The comparison microscope was invented in the
1920s by American Army Colonel Calvin Goddard
(1891–1955) who was working for the Bureau of
Forensic Ballistics of the City of New York.

14. Comparison microscope in
forensic :-
The comparison microscope is used in forensic
sciences to compare microscopic patterns and
identify or deny their common origin.
Without this device, the identification of
toolmarks and firearms would be such a
cumbersome process that it would be carried
out on a very limited basis.

15. Conclusion:-
• Each microscope lens is inscribed with a number
signifying power.
• The image that is viewed by the microscopiest will
have the magnification that is equal to the product
of the magnifying power of the objective and
eyepiece lenses.

16. Reference
• https://www.encyclopedia.com>science.
• https://www.microscope.com
• https://www.azom.com
• https://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>comp..
• Arthur koehiler

17. Thank You