Drug- definition, types and various examples

1. Submitted by:- Namrata
Patankar
Submitted to:- Ketan Sir

2. Drugs:-
Any substances or product that is used or
intended to be used to modify or explore
physiological system or pathological state for
the benefit of recipient.

3. Classification of drugs:-
*On the basis of it's use-
1. Drugs of abuse
2. Drugs of misuse
3. Pharmaceutical drugs
*On the basis of it's
effect-
1. Hallucinatory drugs
2. Depressant
3. Stimulant
4. Narcotics
5. Tranquilizer

4. On the basis of it's use:-
1. Drugs of abuse:- A drug that is taken for non-
medicinal reasons usually for mind altering effect. It
can lead to mental and physical damage, with
substance causing dependence and addiction.
2. Drug of misuse:- A pharmaceutical drug when
misused on human body. It causes social,
psychological, physical or legal problem.
3. Pharmaceutical drugs:- These are chemicals that are
designed to diagnose a disorder.

5. On the basis of it's effect:-
1. Hallucinatory drugs:- A substance that causes false
perception of senses.
Also known as psychedelic or psychotomimetic drugs.
Initially they were of plant origin. For example: cannabis,
Lysergic acid diethylamide(LSD).
2. Depressant:- A drug that depress or reduces the
function of central nervous system. They are sometime
called " downers“ or " sedatives". It relieve user from evil
effects. For ex. Opium, morphine.

6. 3. Stimulants:- These are sometime called "uppers",
temporarily increase alertness and energy. Usually the
person has the feeling of euphoria, well-being,
increased self-confidence. The important stimulants are
cocaine and amphetamines.
4. Narcotics:- A drug which has a deteriorative effect
on the human mind and body. The user may feel
relieved of pain, fatigue or worry.
Example- opium.
5. Tranquilizer :- It is a drug that act on central
nervous system and is used to calm, decrease anxiety,
or help the person to sleep. Example- barbiturates.

7. Route of administration of
drugs:-
 Topical:- Refers to application of drugs through external
application or by nasal route. The mucous membrane of
nose can rapidly absorb many drugs.
 Systemic route:- these are of two types-
1. Interal:- It comprises of two ways
(a)Oral:- The drugs is given through mouth. It is the
commonest and most acceptable method of drug
administration.
(b) Rectal:- Drugs in the form of suppositories are inserted
into the anal canal. Rectum has rich vascular supply, so
absorption is quick.

8. 2. Parenteral Route:- It refers to the administration by
injection which take the directly into the tissue fluid.
The drugs can be injected in following ways-
(a) Intravenous:- The drugs is injected as a bolus or
infused slowly over hours in superficial veins. The
drugs reaches directly into the blood stream and
effects are produced immediately.
(b) Intramuscular:- The drugs is injected in one of the
large skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle are highly
vascular and its capillaries has small pores which
enables the drugs to pass from it.

9. (c) Subcutaneous:- In this type of injection, a short
needle is used to inject drug into the tissue layer
between the skin and the muscle. It is mostly used
method as it can be self-administered. The action of
drug is uniform.
(d) Sublingual:- The tablet or pallet containing the
drug is taken, the tablet is crushed and is spread
over the buccal mucous.
(e) Intradermal:- The drugs are injected into the
dermis, only small amount of drug can be given by
this route. The action is very slow.

10. THANK YOU