A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF IDAHO FRESHWATER AND TERRESTRIAL MOLLUSKS

A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF IDAHO FRESHWATER AND TERRESTRIAL
MOLLUSKS
Terrence J. Frest1 • Edward J. Johannes'. William H. Clark' , George
Stephens3 and Mark G. Plew•
ABSTRACT
Idaho has a large and varied terrestrial and lresflwater mollusk fauna
that remains only partially studted or even named. As part of con-
tinuing research on t.he Idaho malacofauna we here present the
first bibliography specifically on Idaho mollusks. Unlike many such,
we include not only peer-reviewed publications in the so-called "stan-
dard"sctentific literature but also what is commonly termed the "gray"
literature.This work lists 1354 entnes. II emphasizes modern finds
of living species; however. references to Idaho Late Cenozoic (Late
Miocene. Pliocene. Pleistocene. and Holocene) mollusk occurrences
are also included. as is a short internet bibliography.
Keywords: Mollusca, mollusks. snails, bivalves, freshwater, terrestrial. modern,
Late Cenowic. Miocene. Pliocene, Pletstocene, Holocene, Idaho, bibliography
Frest. T. J.. Johannes. E. J.. Clark. W. H., Stephens. G. and Plew, M. G. A
btbhography of Idaho freshwater and terrestrial mollusks. 2001 Journal of the
Idaho Academy of Sctence. 37.2:9-120.
INTRODUCTION
The rich land and freshwater mollusk fauna of the State of Idaho has been
a subject of the scientific literature for over a century and a half. Increasingly in
recent years much attention has been focused upon Idaho mollusks. in part
because of listings of cenain ｳｰ･｣ｾ･ｳ＠ under the federal Endangered Species Act
but also because mollusks have proven to be useful indicators of water quality
and forest health (e.g.. Marcot et at.. 1997: Niwa et at.. 2001 ). This interest in-
volves not only that of the professional scientist, but also that of those who ad-
mmisler or conduct local. stare, and federal lorest. w<
ller and soil monitoring
projects. professional foresters. stewards ol the public lands and waters, arid,
also increasingly. the general citizenry. Some notion ol the latter's mterest can
be gauged by the number ol newspaper articles (105) indexed below. Certain
taxa have even been the subject of editorial and other cartoons (see Figure 1 for
example).
' Oetxis Consultants 2517 NE ss•· Street Seattle. WA Q8 115 ljlresl@earthllnk net
h.Jatlo Division ul ｅｮｶｵｯｮｭｾｮｴｯｬ＠ｏｵｾｨｴｹＬ＠ 1-110N Hilton Street. Bo•se. ID 83706, wclark@deQ state.id.us
artd Orm11 J Sm11h MuseuiTl ol Natural H1story. AlbQrtson College. Caldweii. ID 83605.bclark(S'acoh.edu
Idaho Conservation Data Center. Idaho Department ol F1sll and Game, 600 South Watnul Street, P
0 Box 25. Bo•se. 10 83707 gstcphens@tdfg stale 1d us
'Darmrrrnent ar Anthropology Bo•se ｓｬ＼ｾｴ･＠ UrHve"•''V Boise. IC) 83706 MPLEW'Illl:lo•sestate.eo'u

Ill JOURNAL OF THE IDAHO ACADEMY OF SCIENCE VOLUME 37, ISSUE 2. DECEMBER 2001
ZIPPY 'ly U
•ll r,nlfilh
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oF JL..Ctl'T "'4t. r ...
Figure 1. Cartoon by Bill Griffilh. originally published May 8, 2002. Reproduced
by permission of the author
Allhough there has been no dearth of interest. satiatiOn of the same has
been impeded by several considerations. Foremost. !he malacolauna (mollusk
fauna. including shelled land snails, slugs, freshwater snails. and freshwater
clams) has been srudied only partially, even at the fundamental systematic level.
Fresl and r.qoth (1995), lor instance. estimated that at best only hall or less of the
actual Pacitic Northwest states' malacofallna has been scienmicay described
and named There is at present no illustrated QUid6 to the State's mollusks. Until
vefy recently, there was no published modern Idaho mollusk checklist (but see
Frest and Johannes. 2001 ). The best classic catalogue was Ihat of Henderson
{1924, 1936).This included records from four other slates cmd is now bopelessy
out of date both in regard to taxonomy and occurrences. Even so. Henderson's
work is still very valuable, especially for its summary of earlier records. Further.
while mucl1 recent and past researct1 11as been conducted on Idaho mollusks.
most is oul ol print or primarily accessible tt1rough college libraries. A substantial
par1 is 1n t11e so-called "gray literature". thai is. repor1s sponsored by State and
federal agencies, contractors' repor1s, cour1 filings. and the like. Idaho mollusks
have increasingly aroused public interest and comment, and much recent re-
search on hem is found only in he gray 11eraure. A surprls1ng amount ol this
work has also received peer review
We try as much as practicable to 1nclude such references here. There is
precedent for such inclusiveness in the scientific literature sensa stricto: a clas-
sic example is Harland Cieri< (1989).However. we do nol go so far as to include
Idaho mollusk recipes here and would not encourage their consumption pres-
ently by humans. As is evident from the archaeological literature. Native Ameri-
cans made extensive If seasonal use of freshwater mussels for food. There is
some Indicalion ol at least occasionalllsage of land snails for the same plJrpose;
and there is also some usage of nonmarine shells as tools and decoration. Un-
fortunately. many Idaho streams are now polluted; and lreshwater mussels are
known !o concentrate such undesirables as the transitional and heavy metal
elements: organochlonde and organophosphlde herbicldes and pesticides: and
hepatitis viruses. Hence, human consumption is generally to be discouraged.
Likewise, reduction m numbers, particularly of freshwater mussels. means lhat
usage of wild populat1ons for decoration, craf1s. or in the freshwater pearl indus-
try is not recommended in this State either.

A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF IDAHO FRESHWATER AND TERRESTRIAL MOLLUSKS I I
We here attempt to address the need tor a relatively comprehensive bibli-
ography of Idaho mollusks. It draws extensively from several sources. Preemi-
nent among past works were the mdispensable Late Cenozoic freshwater bibli-
ographies compiled by Dwight Taylor (Taylor, 1970. 1975). whtch massively up-
dated and expanded the equivalent portton or Henderson (1935). The set of
about 174 Idaho freshwater references included in Taylor (1975. p. 13) provided
a solid base lor part of our work. We did take the lime. however, to correct and
add considerably to the older references. Henderson (1924, 1936), for example.
is notoriously prone to incorrectly Ctte dates and page numbers. Useful also were
such recent works as T. Frest's (1999) revtew of the Idaho malacofauna for the
Idaho Conservation Data Center and the Frest and Johannes (2001) Idaho mol-
lusk cl1ecklist. For Idaho fossil vertebrate references (and some invertebrate as
well) Weasma, McDonald, atid So1
set (1998) is Indispensable. Another major
source. especially for recent and gray literature works. was the database of the
Idaho Conservation Data Center (George Stephens). Spectal mention also should
be made of the very useful bibliographies of aquatic invertebrates of Idaho and
surrounding states assembled by William H. Clark (Clark. 1991. 2000. 2002).
George Stephens coordinated work on t!1e initial product: but most library search.
assembly, verification. and formattmg were done by the senior author and by
Edward J. Johannes (Deixls Consultants). Ftnally, Mark Plew provided much
needed input on archaeologtcal references. ThiS section is most likely to be in-
complete, as the archaeological literature is notoriously scattered and difficult to
access. Some help is provided by such works as Pavesic. Plew. and Sprague
(·1979): Mealle (1990); Huter (2000;: and Plew (2000).
No bibliography, especially in this age of volumtnous gray literature and
numerous data sources in disparate media of varying permanence. can expect
to be truly complete. We emphasize here works specifically mentioning Idaho
sites. spec1mens, or endemic species. and hence mostly avoid general works
dealing with taxa that occur 1
n Idaho and elsewhere but do not mention the State
explicitly. Such references thus must either include species found solely in tdal1o
(even 11 the State is not mentioned specifically by name) or, if they include spe-
Cies found elsewhere than Idaho. must specifically refer to Idaho sites or lots.To
the greatest extent possible. we include the gray and popular literature. These
last two categones as we use them 1
1ere compnse contractor's reports, newspa-
per and popular periodical pieces. court fihngs, and unpublisl1ed reports pre-
pared for local. State. and federal agenc1
es. Eliminated from considerallon are
reports or filings that have been construed as proprietary or confidential. These
may be so classified lor any of several reasons Certain materials related to
past. ongoing. or contemplated future litigation may not be available for general
Citation or Circulation as yet. Similarly, some archaeological works with mollusk
men!lons 111clude prf1cise locations of sens1tive arcl1aeotogicaf sites. These are
best not cited until such sites have been professionally studied and/or protected.
Some authors d1d not respond to requests to include their works: the1r listings
hence may well be incomplete. Letters to agencies. while sometimes a part of
the public record and even part of court filings in some instances. proved next to
impossible to locate and mdex in any consistent way and certainly are not cor)-
sistently treated by the agenctes whtch hold them. Note, though. that quite a
volume of such material. ranging from responses received during public com-
ment periods tor proposed government actions to solicited expert opinions. is

I! JOURNAL OF THE IDAHO ACADEMY OF SCIENCE VOLUME 37, ISSUE 2. DECEMBER 2001
held by the Snake R1ver Basin and .
Reg1on 1 offices of the U S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, tor example. Finally some reports, letters, etc. are regarded as confi-
dential by their sponsors, which may include public agencies charged wl!t1 re·
source or species protection, as well as private concerns w1th 1nvolved economic
or other interests. We do not pass judgement here upon the validity or correct-
ness of gray literature species citations:nor upon the scientific value of individual
publications, except to note that the full possible range of accuracy and value
seems to occur. Listing in, or exclusion Irom. this work carries no implical'lons ol
worth. We did intend to cover a fairly broad range of SLJbjects, including tax-
onomy and systematics. field surveys, species biology and ecology, parasitol-
ogy, natural history, Threatened and Endangered taxa, archaeology, paleontol-
ogy, and popular accounts of Idaho mollusk taxa and regulations and laws per-
laining thereto. We are more than typically liberal concerning Endangered Spe-
cies Act matters, as these have attracted more than usual Interest from Ihe pub-
lic. Many newspaper citations refer either to the Bruneau hot springsnail or to the
five listed Middle Snake River gastropods. Perhaps the most interesting ol lhese
is the cartoon comment by Bill Griffith (Figure 1).
One particular problem encountered In compiling this bibliography deserves
special mention. A small but rapidly growing amount of recent material appears
only on the internet or on the internet but also in hard copy. Much ol the 1ormer is
wholly derived from other, published sources. Examples are county, reg1onal or
state lists of Federally or State rare, protected or listed species that are parts of
individual or organizational Web pages. We chose to ignore most such refer-
ences here, especially il anonymous and unsourced. On he other hand, some
original material is now being made available only or alternatively in this format.
particularly by government agencies. Current addresses are given for such sites:
but the reader should be aware of the ephemeral nature of such addresses and
of the possibility of accessing sHes by routes other than those listed here. So far.
the permanence. format. authorship, dates, status. etc. of solely-internet mate·
rial are often questionable and there are no widely accepted guidelines for tor-
matting. archiving. or referencing such ilems. Periodically updated sites are a
particular problem. as lew archive earlier versions. Provenanceol particular state·
ments can become quite problematic under such circumstances. For examples.
see USFWS (2001) in the internet bibliography below. We have not included
internet-only ilems in our entry count or rn Figure 2. In general. if a document is
available in hard copy form by methods other han downloading !rom ne internet,
we have listed it In the first part of the bibliography and provided the alternative
internet address there as well. If the item can be completely downloaded from
the internet (e.g., as a pdf file) but is otherwise not available in hard form or is
available on the internet only (downloadable completely or not}, it is included in
the Internet Bibliography section only. Our major criterion, righlly or wrongly and
admittedly somewhat arbitrarily. was simullaneous distribution of multiple cop1es
in fixed fom1and continued availabilily of such copies. Hence, CD-ROM publica-
tions would be included in he Bibliography proper. For internet items. readers
should be adv1sed that the last version we have seen is referenced by date (last
update, whenever that is clearly stated) and may not be identical to the currently
available version.
Deciding which archaeological citalions to include was also dilticu!l. Aside
from the need to protect certain professionally unworked sites from "potting".

A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF IDAHO FRESHWATER AND TERRESTRIAL MOLLUSKS II
mollusk references in many are rather vague. Such terms as "shell" and "shell
material" are quite common in sucl1 works. If we could be reasonably certain
from explicit text or context that freshwater or land forms were referred to. the
reference was accepted, even though a specific taxon may not have been named.
Most often. freshwater mussels were involved. These rend in Idaho to be refer-
able either to Margaritinops1
s ｾｯｲｭ･ｲｬｹ＠ Margaritifava) faIeaia or Gonidea angulata:
occasionally, Anodonta spp. are clearly or Inferentially involved.
Our primary focus is on living species. However, some taxa have an ex-
tensive fossil record 1n the State. Qu1te often, the fossil record is very relevant to
current taxonomy. biogeography, and ecology: and just as obviOusly, none of
these subjects is complete without the historical component. Accordingly. we list
Late Cenozoic references here as well. Taylor's (1970, 1975) coverage of this
time/stratigraphic L
lnll was excellent. but not complete (and we hasten to stipu-
Jale that ne1ther did he nor do we make any such claim!). Many additional refer-
ences have become ava1lable since 1975: also, Taylor did not cover terrestnal
forms. Basically. citations with mollusk records from those time penods most
likely to have modem (extant. still living) taxa or their more direct predecessors
are included 11ere: the Late Pliocene, Pleistocene, and Holocene (ca. 3 million
YBP to ca. 4,000 YBP). There is ongoing controversy concerning the age of
some units: hence. we chose to err on the s1de of caution and included refer-
ences to definitely or supposedly Miocene, espec1
ally Late or Upper. and Lower
to M1ddle {Early to Middle) Pliocene faunas and units. The archaeological {Late
Ple1
stocene and Holocene) record was likewise deemed relevant. subject to some
limitations as detailed above.
Many of the references, particularly certain of the gray literature citations.
are somewhat d1fficull to come by.We offer unusually complete references (when-
ever possible) to many works so as to facilitate the reader's location of them. For
s1milar reasons. we also 1nclude some items thai do not have complete citations.
Th1s often means that we have examined a copy (often a photocopy) and can
confirm the work's relevance but were unable to locate a completely citable ver-
Sion. Also. several institutions and mdividuals mamtain relatively complete files
containing many of the items listed herein. These might have 1
n their keeping
additional references regarded as proprietary by their agencies or sponsors.
The wishes of such, w11en these were made known or could be determined.
have been honored by the1
r deliberate exclusion trom this work. We hope we
have offended no-one by our cho1ce of 1nclus1
ons and exclusions 1
1erein. Ex-
amples of agencies with extensive files include: U. S. Department of the Interior,
Fish and Wildlite Service. Snake River Basin Office. Boise. Idaho and Region 1
Office. Portland. Oregon; Bureau of Reclamation. Pacific Northwest Region.
Boise, Idaho; Bureau ot Land Management. Shoshone District Office. Shoshone,
Idaho. Idaho State Otfice. Boise, Idaho, and Jarbidge District Office, Idaho; State
ol Idaho. Division of Environmental Quality. Boise, Idaho: and Division of Fish
and Game, Conservation Data Center. Boise. Idaho, and The Nature Conser-
vancy of Idaho. Sun Valley. Idaho. For paleontological references. the library of
the Hagerman Foss1l Beds Nauonal Monument. Hagerman. Idaho. may be es-
pecially useful Other unusually Significant data resources include tne Pacific
Nor!hwesr Special Collection of the Universily of Washington's Allen Library·,
Seallle. Washington: the libraries of the Un1vers1ty of Idaho, Moscow. Idaho:
Idaho State University (especially the Idaho Collection), Pocatello. Idaho: Boise

ｉｾ＠ JOURNAL OF THE IDAHO ACADEMY OF SCIENCE VOLUME 37. ISSUE 2. DECEMBER 2001
State Uni,tersity, Boise, Idaho (parlicularly the McCain Collection for Western
Life); and Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; the Environmen-
tal Protection Agency Region 10 Library, Seattle. Washington: King County Li·
braries, Washington; and the Seattle Public Library. Seattle, Washington.
Entries are in alphabetical order, with first and middle names abbreviated.
Where there are variants in author init1
als or surnames. the final disposition is
given in brackets for other publications. There is one exception. Henry A. Pilsbry
published under three variants. as noted by Clench and Turner (1962). As each
of these can be abbreviated by ''H. A. Pifsbry", we do not distinguish between
them. In a few instances. author names in individual publications may reverse
initials or have a variant surname spelling. Where we could 1nquire, we have
attempted to do so to establish the author's Intention versus printer's or editor's
error. In the latter case, the error is noted and the authorship restored to its
intended f'orm. We l·
ollow the source's conventions on capitalization and use or
not of italics or underline for Latin names: it should be assumed that the original
or preferred format IS listed. so that variants from standard style are intentional
(hopeiuly, we have not introduced errors). For co-auhored publications, we 1
sl
secondary authors with the publication and also cross-reference individual au·
thors separately, referencing the primary author in each case. Where possible,
enlres are arranged by date (to day) ol publication: we were not always able lo
determine this precisely and to save space do not fist it here. Despite the varying
provenance of our sources, we were able to determine dates to year for all but
wo. There Is one special case that we have not attempted to resolve. B.
Bonnichsen and R. M. Breckenridge (eds.), Cenozoic Geology of Idaho. Idaho
Bureau of Mines and Geology [now Idaho Geological Survey], Bulletin 26 shows
all individual articles with 1982 release dates.However, Smith and Cosset (2002.
p. 35, note 1), while conceding that papers 1n this reference ''became available
by general circulation to geologists in 1982". prefer to maintain a date of 1984, at
least tor Smith et aL (1982) "because the final printed and bound volume was not
mailed to libfaries until1984 (R. C. Stewart, pers. comm. to Carter Gilbert, 1997)."
We maintain the 1982 dale for all papers in this volume. One other authorial
judgement should be noted. If a citation occurred as a chapter or paper in a
multi-authored work, that work is not cited separately in the Bibliography. e.g.,
under the volume's editors, but only in the relevant individual citation(s). unlike
as required in this section.
Because of the large number ot references to maenal tha1 is n01 in mu-
seum collections or otherwise available tor cross-reference, we do not evaluate
these references taxonomically. lf1 passing. though, we must note that the litera-
ture is rife wnn misiden1itica,ions.Taylor (1975, p. 5} once slated re. published
western North American freshwater identifications that "about half are unr'eli·
able". Misidentifications and misspellings were especially common in the archaeo-
logical literature. Quite often, similar errors were made 111 the non-malacologlcat
literature as well. Material used by physiologists, molecular biologists, zoolo-
gists other than malacologists and ecologists was frequently clearly misidentified.
Caveat leeton We strongly suggest that no records without museum collection
backup and identification by a professional malacologisl with the requisite spe·
cializations and relevant interests be accepted uncritically.

A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF IDAHO FRESHWATER AND TERRESTRIAL MOLLUSKS ｉｾ＠
We have made major efforts to cover the older literature thoroughly. Taylor
(1975) estimated that his bibliography missed about i %. We rather doubt that
we have met or exceeded his standard; but also harbor a nagging and perhaps
picayune doubt that he did, either. Our coverage is likely fairly ｣ｯｭｰｬｾｴ･＠ through
1999; but exigencies of literature availability and manuscript publication likely
mean serious under-representation of the year 2000, as well as (obviously) 2001
and 2002. Corrections, additions, etc. are actively soliCited and very welcome.
GROWTH OFTHE LITERATURE
To ｩｬｩｵｳｴｲ｡ｴｾ＠ the growth of Idaho mollusk literature, we assigned each cita-
tion in the main bibliography to the decade of its publication, beginning with the
period 1830-1839; the last entries are for the incomplete decade beginning in
the year 2000 (Figure 2}. As can readily be seen, the general pattern was for
slow but steady growth through the 1950s, with a minor high during the 1890s.
and a decrease during the period of the Second World War. From the 1960s
onward there appears to be especiaJiy substantial growth. Some of this, how-
ever, may plausibly be attributed to our inclusion of material from the gray litera-
ture, which effectively begins in this period. Another likely cause ot recent cita-
tion bwrgeoning appears to be the late 1980s-1990s ESA listings of the Bruneau
hot springsnail and of ｦｩｶｾ＠ Middle Snake River freshwater snails. Just as the
freshwater unionid gray literature has·expande<;l massively in the eastern U. S.
due to similar concomitant survey requirements, a certain degree of expansion
can be traced to ancillary effects of the federal listings. Unless further listings or
delistings in the State occur over the next decade, we would predict a fall to
something like i 980-1989 leyels. A portion of the growth of the last two decade.s
can also be attributed to mentions of mollusks in the archaeological literature.
There has been an increase ih such studies in response·to legislation, such as
the federal Antiquities Act, requiring surveys prior to various ground-disturbing
proje.
cts. While these perhaps situati_on-specifi_
c fadtors may accountfor some of
the highs and lows of Figure 2, it should be realized that mollusk bibliographies
for other areas do show a generally similar pattern. For example, comparison of
Figure 9 of Dhora and Weiler-Schultes (1996) on mollusks of Albania and neigh-
boring countries with our Figure 2 shows generally strong parallels; and both
begin In th.e 1630s. The U. S. rise in the 1890s, however, is norparalleh3d. The
same major drop for World War II years (1 940s) is evident. The general tempo-
rary leveling-off in the 1900s-1920s is notable. In the 1930s, Idaho research
continued to grow, while Albanian research lagged.Growth in the 1950s to 1990s
is similarly nearly exponential.

IC• JOURNAL OF THE IDAHO ACADEMY OF SCIENCE VOLUME 37. 1SSUE ｾＭｄｅｃｅｍｂｅｒ＠ 2001
n.d.
2000+
1990- 1999
1980- 1989
1970-1979
1960-1969
1950-1959
1940- 1949
1930-1939
1920-1929
191 0- 1919
1900·1909
1890-1899
1880-1889
1870-1879
1860-1869
1850· 1859.
1840-1649
1830-1839
- -
2
in
- I
56
JO
"6
J2
28
-
28
40
21
2A
-ｾＲＰ＠
ｾ＠ 2
-
' 6
- 2
-
0 100
473
222
115
109
I I
200 300 400 500
NUMBER OF ENTRIES
FIGURE 2. Number of entries by decade, 1830 to the present. Earlier decades
(prior to 1950) do not include gray literature. Such entries increase steadily after
1950 and are especially frequent in the period from 1980 to the present. Two
bibliographic citations could not be dated precisely and are excluded.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Many persons made suggestions for additions or improvements to th1s
paper. Among these were those of Peter A. Bowler (University of California·
Irvine). who also served as one of the rev1ewers. Ted Weasma (National Park
Service. Mohave Desert National Preserve, Barstow, California) suggested ad·
ditions from the paleontological literature. James Johannes (U. S. Department
of Labor. Seattle) copied and contributed some newspaper ar1ieles.Patricia Cirone
(Environmental Protection Agency. Region 10, Seattle) added entnes from EPA
files. Dianne Cazier Shinn (Idaho Power Company. Environmental Affairs De-
partment, Boise) supplied references from Idaho Power Company files. Some
Bureau of Reclamation citations were helpfully provided by Dana Weigel (U. S.
Bureau of Reclamation. Pacilic Northwest Region. Snake River Area Ot!ice,
Burley). Certain U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service references were supplied through
Geri Wood (U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Snake River Basin Office. Boise).
Charles Criscione (Oregon State University, Corvallis) helped with the parasito·
logical literature. Russ Biggam (University of Idaho, Moscow) looked up some
University of Idaho references. Tom Burke (Wenatchee, Washington: formerly,
Wenatchee National Forest) provided others.

A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF IDAHO FRESHWATER AND TERRESTRIAL MOLLUSKS
Especial gratitude Js due to the librarians and staff of the Central and
Broadview Branches of the Seal11e Public Library, and in parlicular Beth Kashner
and Bob Hageman (Broadvrew Branch). for facilitating borrowing of large num-
bers of ditficull-to-verlty items through lnlerlibrary loans. We also thank Teresa
Oh. INEEL, Idaho Falls: lkuyo Fredrickson and others on the stat! of the EPA
Region 10 Library. Seattle: and Craig Wilson. NOAA NWFSC/AFSC library. Se-
attle.Srmrlar thanks are also due to the staff of the Boise State University library.
Bo1se. Idaho: the Umversily of Idaho library. Moscow. Idaho; the Idaho State
University library, Pocatello. Idaho: and PacifiC Northwest Special Collection of
the University ol Washington's Allen Library. Seattle. Washinglon.Their patience.
professionalism. and good humor are greatly valued: and their efforts made this
compilation much more complete and accurate than otherwise possible. We are
very grateful to two anonymous reviewers and the editor, Glen Kessinger (for-
merly atiNEEL, Idaho Falls). Savannah River Sile, Aiken. South Carolina, 29808
lor their helpful contributions and suggestions.We thank Mary E.Thompson (Idaho
Museum ol Natural History) lor making available Akersten et al. (eds.) (2002) for
inclusion rn Ihis paper. Finally. we thank Bill Griffith, creator ol ZIPPY. lor permis-
SIOn lo reproduce Frgure 1
REFEREN CES CITED
[References cited here do not necessarily pertam directly to Idaho mollusks (some
do) but have been Cited above or in the Bibliography proper J
Akersten. W.A.. M.E Thompson. D.J. Meldrum, A.A. Rapp, and H.G. McDonald
(eds). 2002. And Whereas... Papers on the Vertabrate Paleontology of
Idaho Honoring John A. White. Volume 2. Idaho State University. Idaho
MLJSeum of Natural H1story. Occasional Paper 37.102 pp.
Bonn1chsen. B. and R. M. Breckenridge (eds.). 1982. Cenozoic Geology ofIdaho.
Idaho Bureau of Mines and Geology (now Idaho Geological Survey]. Bul-
letin 26. xi + 725 pp.
Clark. W. H. 1991. Lilerature Pertaining to the Identification and Distribution of
Aquatic Macroinvertebrates of the Western U.S. wilh Emphasis on Idaho.
Idaho Department ol Health and Welfare. Division of Environmental Qual-
ify. Bo1se. Idaho. 64 pp.
Clark. W. H. 2000. Literature Pertain1ng to the Identification and Distribution of
Aquatic Macroinvertebrates of the Western U.S. with Emphasis on Idaho.
Miscellaneous Water Quality Report. Idaho Department ol Health and
Welfare. Div1sion ot Environmenlal Quality, Boise. Idaho. 80 pp.
Clark, W. H. 2002. Ltteralure Pertaining to the Identification and Distribution of
Aquatic Macromvertebrates of the Western U.S. with Emphasis on ldaM.
Miscellaneous Water Quality Report, Idaho Department of Health and
Welfare. Division of Environmental Quality. Boise. Idaho. 86 pp.
Clench. W. J . and R D. Turner. 1962. New Names Introduced by H A. Pilsbry in
the Mollusca and Crustacea. Academy ol Natural Sciences of Philadel-
phia. Spec1al Publication 4. 218 pp.
Dhora. D. H and F. W Welter-Schultes. 1996. Bibliography of non-marine mol-
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A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF IDAHO FRESHWATER AND TERRESTRIAL MOLLUSKS

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