it explains about Impacts of modern political system on tribal societies with special reference to Arunachal Pradesh, India

1. IMPACTS OF MODERN POLITICAL SYSTEM ON TRIBAL
SOCIETIES
JIMMY SONAM
16/MAN/009
3RD SEMESTER
DEPARTMENT OF
ANTHROPOLOGY
RGU
SPECIAL REFERENCE TO
ARUNACHAL PRADESH

2. INTRODUCTION
 Tribal societies before the coming of
modern political system were very
primitive in nature.
 They believed in animism.
 They usually had common name,
common territory, common language,
common culture.
 Lived in isolated terrains.
 Source of livelihood were on agriculture,
hunting and forest produce.
 Largely rely on barter system.
 Most of them were illiterate.
 Have a cultural homogeneity and simple
technology.
 Less developments.

3. TRIBAL VILLAGE COUNCIL
 The typical village council generally
consists of village chief, the local priest,
elderly, mature, respected and influential
persons of the village.
 The jurisdiction of the village council is
confined to the village only.
 The council performs three types of
functions – Judicial, Administrative and
Developmental.
 The tribal councils are informal in nature.
 They are based on customary laws which
are being practised since time
immemorial.
 The customs are derived out of
supernatural beliefs and religious faith.

4. SOME EXAMPLES OF TRIBAL VILLAGE COUNCILS OF
ARUNACHAL PRADESH
 Sherdupens – Jung or Jumba
 Bugun – Nimiyang
 Apatanis – Buliang
 Nyishis – Nyele
 Adis – Kebang
 Membas – Berim
 Zhakring – Tsongo
 Khamptis – Mockchup
 Singphos – Tra, Tungdaior,
Shipang
 Tangsas – Khaphna, Khapong,
Khapa

6. ASSAM FRONTIER REGULATION, 1945
 This act was introduced in order to ensure
the tribals with civil and criminal
administration without affecting their
local self governance.
 It was a government policy to work
through the village councils.
 The power and functions to exercise the
village was given to political officers and
assistant political officers.
 Modern sophisticated laws were
introduced.
 Continuence of traditional village
council was accepted.
 The heineous crimes recognised under
IPC could not be deal by the village
authority, but they were dealt by the
concerned administrative officers.
 Goan buras, political interpreters and
political jamadars were introduced.

7. POST INDEPENDENCE

8. NORTH EAST FRONTIER AGENCY, PANCHAYAT RAJ
REGULATION, 1967
 The recommendations of Ering committee were
accepted by the Govt. Of India.
 The Panchayat Raj was inaugurated by Governor
of Assam at shillong in december 3, 1969.
 It aims at establishing the Panchayat System of
self- government at village levels.
 Its has 4 tier system of rural government, which
are :
 Gram panchayat, Anchal samiti, Zilla Parishad ,
Agency council.
 These panchayat bodies have several functions
like administrative functions, economic
functions, social functions and judicial
functions.
 According to 73rd Amendment Act 1992, 33
percent reservation to women was given in
panchayati bodies, which was introduced on
1997.

9. IMPACTS OF MODERN POLITICAL SYSTEM ON TRIBAL SOCIETIES
 Change in judiciary practices
 Status of women.
 Shift in family pattern.
 Change in social movements
and organisation.
 Marriage system.
 Change in ideology and
perception.
 Change in patterns of
punishment.
 Change in religion.
 Education.
 Electoral process.
 Change in social and economic
aspects
 Conflicts in society.

10. CONCLUSION
 The society has evolved after the coming of the modern
political system.
 The life style of the people has tremendously change.
 Tribal societies have two different legal system that is
customary and modern law
 Feelings of oneness and social harmony is decreasing.
 The role and power of the tribal village council is
decreasing.
 The society has adapted from simple to complex form of
political institution.

11. REFERENCES
 Tribal village council of Arunachal Pradesh by
Duarah, Pandey and Sarkar
 Democracy in NEFA by Verrier Elwin
 A philosophy in NEFA by Verrier Elwin
 Internet