Iot and Healthcare
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Healthcare focused IOT technology is expected to be a $117 billion market by 2020 (a mere 5 Years out). A remarkable projection that is attracting a lot of big vendor focus as well as startup activity. The feedback from the HC professionals I interviewed for this talk was that IoT for healthcare has to happen, is already happening, and the scale will be exponential. It will be embraced by the Boomers and Medicare. However, as I’ll get to, there will also be significant resistance from many quarters.
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Iot and Healthcare
- 1. 2015 © PIVIT, LLC. I O T & HCInternet-of-Things Impact On Healthcare
- 2. 2015 © PIVIT, LLC. TIME TECHNICAL INNOVATION RATE OF CHANGE IS A SURPRISE
- 3. 2015 © PIVIT, LLC. The Power of Hierarchical Thinking - Ray Kurzweil - H+ Summit @ Harvard COMPUTER POWER WILL CATCH & PASS US
- 4. 2015 © PIVIT, LLC. A.I. Is Already Here
- 5. 2015 © PIVIT, LLC. "In the next century, planet earth will don an electronic skin. It will use the Internet as a scaffold to support and transmit its sensations. This skin is already being stitched together. It consists of millions of embedded electronic measuring devices: thermostats, pressure gauges, pollution detectors, cameras, microphones, glucose sensors, EKGs, electroencephalographs.” 1999 - Neil Gross in Business Week
- 6. 2015 © PIVIT, LLC. HOME Security, efficiency, comfort, entertainment $200B-350B/y OFFICE Security, energy, efficiency $70B-150B/y FACTORY Operations optimization $1.2T-3.7T/y RETAIL Automated checkout, proximity $410B-1.2T/y PEOPLE Health & fitness $170B-1.6T/y CITIES Public health and transport $930B-1.7T/y 2015 McKinsey Global Institute IoT Executive Summary VEHICLES Driverless, maintenance $210B-740B/y WORKSITES Operations, health & safety $160B-930B/y OUTSIDE Logistics and navigation $560B-850B/y $11Trillion/Year
- 7. 2015 © PIVIT, LLC. 20-50 billion small, low-power sensors Connect to the Internet Stream data (to a public / private cloud) Analyze it for intent, context, state, trends Apply reasoning and trigger actions
- 8. 2015 © PIVIT, LLC. Market for IoT technology in healthcare by 2020 $117 BILLION
- 9. 2015 © PIVIT, LLC. Patient monitoring anywhere Increased engagement Reduced costs Improved population health Improved drug management
- 10. 2015 © PIVIT, LLC. WEARABLES
- 11. …of patients are interested in using some sort of wearable device to track their daily wellness metrics, especially if they had a specific chronic disease to worry about. 79%
- 12. 2015 © PIVIT, LLC. INSIDEABLES
- 13. 2015 © PIVIT, LLC. SMART HOME
- 14. 2015 © PIVIT, LLC. AGING IN PLACE
- 15. 2015 © PIVIT, LLC. DISTANT CARE
- 16. 2015 © PIVIT, LLC. WELLNESS
- 17. 2015 © PIVIT, LLC. ANALYTICS
- 18. 2015 © PIVIT, LLC. Cost Complexity Data Overload Security Privacy Interoperability “Smarts” (lack of)
- 19. –J. B. S. Haldane - a British geneticist and evolutionary biologist “I have no doubt that in reality the future will be vastly more surprising than anything I can imagine.”
- 20. 2015 (c) PIVIT, LLC. Karl Seiler President & Founder e: Karl@Piviting.com t: @pivitguru l: KarlSeiler m: 321-750-5165 THANKS
Editor's Notes
- Welcome everybody. Let’s take a quick tour of the Internet-of-things and specifically the projected impact it will have on our healthcare.
- Technology surprises us. For millions of years our brains have evolved to where we are intuitive at straight-line extrapolation. We are good at guessing when we can out-run the tiger. Technical innovation has consistently followed a logarithmic curve. It is counter intuitive and feels a little like magic upon first exposure. It’s inconceivable and too good to be true. One result is our ability to adjust as fast; socially, legally, and economically lags behind what we can technically do.
- Ray Kurzweil has been plotting the rates of technical change for many years and has extrapolated when computer reasoning eclipses the bug, the mouse, the single human and when it exceeds the reasoning power of all humans combined. The white dots on the graph above are actuals. As you can see the exponential growth which has occurred over the entire last century to the present day confirms his projections. Around 2050 human capabilities are exceeded by computers. This easily occurs within your children's or grandchildren's life times. Seeing this, fear rises up as our thoughts jump to a future world full of artificially intelligent machines.
- All that future of artificial intelligence is already here. You are already using and are supported by AI. AI makes Siri understand, Pandora personalize, Netflix recommend, Facebook categorize, Roomba clean, and it makes Amazon money. IBM’s Watson, is really a collection of hundreds of over 100 AI algorithms. Yes it did win Jeopardy. Watson is alive and well working on clinical diagnostics, inventing cooking recipes, and optimizing business operations. You can rent Watson from IBM for a pretty penny.
- Improvements in compute power, miniaturization, battery efficiency, big data analytics, cloud computing, and machine learning has brought us to the “next big thing.” It is the era of the Internet-of-things. This will be the biggest expansion of computing and IT ever. Earth will be blanketed by an electronic skin that uses the internet to transmit its sensations. Billions of everyday devices will monitor everything: us, our stuff, our workplaces, our planet, our near-space. It represents an age where technology will understand and anticipate us. This complementary human-machine collaboration will dramatically outperform either human or machine alone.
- The impact of Internet-of-Things is broad in scope. It spans wearables, driverless transport, smart homes, smart cities, industrial optimization, logistics, resource management, and our healthcare. The McKinsey IoT report projects the economic impact to be ~$11 trillion per year by 2025
- A crash course in how IoT works is as follows: From a diverse and enormous number of real-world small-footprint, low-power sensors That are wirelessly connected to the internet via mostly short hops meshes That stream their perception data to private, secure cloud-based services Where applications analyze it for intent, context, state, and trends And where at the top, invisible applications use that analysis to detect patterns, automate decisions, and issue commands, alerts, and recommendations. Windows are open, no one is home, rain is coming, text the family.
- Healthcare focused IOT technology is expected to be a $117 billion market by 2020 (a mere 5 Years out). A remarkable projection that is attracting a lot of big vendor focus as well as startup activity. The feedback from the HC professionals I interviewed for this talk was that IoT for healthcare has to happen, is already happening, and the scale will be exponential. It will be embraced by the Boomers and Medicare. However, as I’ll get to, there will also be significant resistance from many quarters.
- IOT adoption in HC is expected to provide benefits in; better patient engagement, improved drug management, continuous patient monitoring, improved population health, and reductions in care cost. Let’s explore how.
- Wearables are IoT devices you wear and that travel with you. In wearables we tend to think of the Apple watch and Fitbits. But baby monitoring, exoskeletons and sports performance are here as well. Wearable baby singlets track toss and turns, heart beats, breathing, temperature. The live data streams are pushed to the TV. Tune into the baby. Get texts from the baby monitor. In the upper right we see a wearable exoskeletons are on now coming out of the lab, that can return mobility, increase strength and extend endurance. Police and military will be early adopters.
- The rate of acceptance of wearables has been a surprise. This has created demand-pull for these products to get into and out of the approval pipeline. Almost 80% of patients want a wearable IoT device, especially if it can help track a chronic disease. Prescribed by the care-team, where the device and app subscriptions are paid for by insurance.
- Advances in miniaturization, batteries and low power sensors are leading to a family of “insideables”. In your blood, intestinal track, eyes, teeth, bones, muscles. A Google Moon-shot project is working on nano-particle pills. The pill has magnetic particles 10,000 times smaller than the width of a human hair. The particles have antibodies attached to them that detect the presence of “biomarker” molecules inside the body that indicate diseases such as cancer or an imminent heart attack.
- The smart home and office also have a big role to play for healthcare support. Wearables and insideables need to communicate with places for context and connectivity. This era of BYOD, bring-your-own-device shifts to WYOD, wear your own device. A big challenge for IT maintaining network security. Also, the in-wall, in-furniture, in-appliance sensors will monitor, gently coach and recuse you. The SmartHome for healthcare watches over your mobility, weight, falls, entering / leaving, taking medication, reminders to turn off the sink, and the stove, etc. Voice and gesture will become the user interface that (Siri, Echo, Cortana) will enables large-scale acceptance. The day of the small screen-based, app-for-that, are numbered.
- Perhaps no factor is driving change in healthcare as much as the increase in the number of elderly people worldwide. This is happening while the percentage of available trained younger able bodied caregivers drops. One approach is to use automation to enable people to stay at home longer, safely, while lowering the daily need for onsite human attendants. IoT can enable quicker response to things out-of-band, leading to more successful avoidance of emergency-care. This kind of help has to be sensitively calibrated. It must work for the low-to-no tech savvy, be unobtrusive, delivered immediately at point of need, be personal, automatically adapt, and appropriate. As we start to talk to our homes, it will have a name and we will imbue it with personality, good and bad.
- Whether at home or in the ICU, medical devices are at the core of healthcare’s Internet of Things ambitions. Data must be collected quickly, seamlessly flow into the healthcare provider’s data network, and transformed quickly into an understandable form to be useful for decision-making. The big data generated, provides the medical staff with both real time info on daily basis, categorizations and risk analysis, long term trend analysis, and population health anonymized data streams.
- Healthcare focus now includes proactive wellness efforts. IoT Tech is advancing daily with help for stress, diet, weight, posture, activity, nutrition, etc. This is a worldwide phenomena. In many ways we are coming around to seeing the wellness of our population as a future competitive advantage between nation-states.
- In addition to “things” or the connection of the physical world to the Internet, pattern analysis of the large scale social-media data feeds is providing new insight. For example, Twitter and Google Search analytics are now a hotbed of big data for healthcare analysis. From identifying sleep disorders to interpreting the occurrence of adverse drug events, user populations provide a great deal of information generating insights into their health and wellness trends through data mining social media tweets and online search requests.
- But… there are hurdles to this IoT revolution in HC that include: Device and backend infrastructure costs - costs are continuing to drop but are still out of reach for many. Also, startup funding and approvals are lagging in the USA. Many of the brightest HC startups are as a result moving to EU and Asia. Complexity - getting to the level of easy setup, personalized parameter tuning and flawless adaptive operations is a lot of hard work. Data overload - already HC providers are rebelling against the avalanche of data coming their way. Analytics is needed to compress and summarize to address overload. Security - these device are potential hacker entry points to larger networks. This will be a key topic to watch. Privacy - increasing the question will be what to share with whom and how Interoperability - existing data silos are a real problem right now for a lot HC organizations. They are often immersed in Hospital-Information-Exchanges and Electronic Medical Records deployment and adoptions. IoT tech layers must integrate with these other infrastructure - moving targets. Lack of Smarts - recognizing patterns from the noise and reacting intelligently is a huge body of work that is extremely complex. Skilled practitioners of data science are rare beasts and it looks like Goggle and IBM are hiring every last one of them.
- In spite of the obstacles and though it all seems somewhat far fetched and reaching, I leave you with: “I have no doubt that in reality the future will be vastly more surprising than anything I can imagine.” The IoT era of commuting has started. Welcome to the future.
- Thanks for your time and attention today. I hope you now have more of a basic feel for this “next big thing” that is headed your way.