2. Introduction
❑Wireless
✓ is a term used to describe telecommunications in which
electromagnetic waves (rather than some form of wire) carry
the signal over part or all of the communication path.
❑Wireless transmission
✓ is a form of unguided media.
✓ involves no physical link established between two or more
devices, communicating wirelessly.
✓ A little part of electromagnetic spectrum can be used
for wireless transmission.
2
3. History
❑First wireless telephone conversation occurred in 1880
❑Alexander Graham Bell and Charles Sumner
Tainter invented and patented the photophone
❑Photophone:
✓telephone that conducted audio conversations
wirelessly over modulated light beams (which are
narrow projections of electromagnetic waves)
3
4. Wireless Communication
❑Wireless Communication
✓ incorporates all procedures and forms of connecting and
communicating between two or more devices using
a wireless signal through wireless communication
technologies and devices.
✓ is a type of data communication that is performed and
delivered wirelessly.
4
5. Types of Wireless Communication
❑ Satellite Communication
✓ self contained wireless communication technology,
✓ it is widely spread all over the world to allow users to stay connected
✓ satellite amplifies the signal and sent it back to the antenna receiver
which is located on the surface of the earth.
❑ Infrared Communication
✓ communicates information in a device or systems through IR
radiation .
✓ IR is electromagnetic energy at a wavelength that is longer than that
of red light.
✓ It is used for security control, TV remote control and short range
communications.
5
6. ❑Broadcast Radio
✓ The first wireless communication technology
✓ Radio waves are electromagnetic signals, that are transmitted
by an antenna.
✓ These waves have completely different frequency segments,
and you will be ready to obtain an audio signal by changing
into a frequency segment.
6
7. ❑Microwave Communication
✓ an effective type of communication, mainly this transmission uses
radio waves, and the wavelengths of radio waves are measured in
centimeters.
✓ data or information can be transfered using satellite method and
terrestrial method.
✓ In satellite method, the data can be transmitted though a satellite,
that orbit 22,300 miles above the earth.
✓ In terrestrial method, in which two microwave towers with a clear
line of sight between them are used, ensuring no obstacles to
disrupt the line of sight.
✓ used for the purpose of privacy.
✓ The frequency range typically 4GHz-6GHz and with a
transmission speed is usually 1Mbps to 10Mbps.
✓ disadvantage of microwave signals is, they can be affected by bad
weather, especially rain 7
8. ❑Wi-Fi Communication
✓ low power wireless communication, that is used by
various electronic devices like smart phones, laptops,
etc.
✓ In this setup, a router works as a communication hub
wirelessly.
✓ allow users to connect only within close proximity to a
router.
✓ WiFi is very common in networking applications
✓ These networks need to be protected with passwords
for the purpose of security, otherwise it will access by
others
8
9. ❑Mobile Communication Systems
✓ The advancement of mobile networks is enumerated by
generations.
✓ Many users communicate across a single frequency band
through mobile phones.
✓ Cellular and cordless phones are two examples of devices
which make use of wireless signals.
✓ Typically, cell phones have a larger range of networks to
provide a coverage.
✓ But, Cordless phones have a limited range. Similar to GPS
devices, some phones make use of signals from satellites to
communicate.
9
10. ❑Bluetooth Technology
✓ permits you to connect a various electronic devices
wirelessly to a system for the transferring of data.
✓ used commonly in the wireless communication market.
10
11. Types of wireless Devices
✓ Wireless technology describes electronic devices
that communicate without cords using radio
frequency signals.
✓ Wireless technology is used in a variety of modern
device to provide convenience and greater mobility
✓ wireless devices play an important role in voice and
Internet communications.
11
12. ✓ is a device that accepts an incoming Internet connection and sends
data as RF signals to other wireless devices that are near the router.
✓ used to connect wireless-enabled computers and other devices to
the Internet.
✓ A network set up with a wireless router is sometimes called a
wireless local area network (WLAN.).
✓ Many routers have built-in security features such as firewalls
which help protect devices connected to the router against
malicious data, such as computer viruses
12
Wireless Router
13. Wireless Adapter
✓ are hardware devices installed inside computers that enable
wireless connectivity.
✓ If a computer does not have a wireless adapter, it will not be
able to connect to a router in order to access the Internet.
✓ Some computers have wireless adapters built directly into the
motherboard while it is also possible to install stand-alone
wireless adapters to add wireless capability to a computer that
did not come with an adapter built in.
13
14. ✓ is a wireless networking device that is used to extend the range
of a router.
✓ A repeater receives wireless signals and then re-emits them with
increased strength.
✓ By placing a repeater between a router and the computer
connected to the router, signal strength can be boosted, resulting
in faster connection speeds.
14
Wireless Repeater
15. Wireless Phones
15
✓ Cellular and cordless phones are two more examples of device
that make use of wireless signals.
✓ Cordless phones have a limited range, but cell phones typically
have a much larger range than local wireless networks, since
cell phone providers use large telecommunication towers to
provide cell phone coverage.
✓ Satellite phones make use of signals from satellites to
communicate, similar to Global Positioning System (GSP)
devices.
16. Advantage of Wireless Communication
Price, Mobility, Simple installation, and Consistency
✓ The price of fixing cables, wires & other communications can be
reduced
✓ Any data or information can be transmitted faster and with a high
speed
✓ Maintenance and installation is less cost for these networks.
✓ The internet can be accessed from anywhere wirelessly
✓ It is very helpful for workers, doctors working in remote areas as they
can be in touch with medical centers.
16
17. Disadvantage of Wireless Communication
Interference, Security and health
✓ An unauthorized person can easily capture the wireless
signals which spread through the air.
✓ It is very important to secure the wireless network so that
the information cannot be misused by unauthorized users
✓ Exposure to any kind of radiation continuously can cause
health issues.
17
18. Telecommunication
✓ is the electronic exchange of any type of data over a wide variety
of information transmitting technologies and systems
✓ the transmission of signs, signals, messages, words, writings,
images and sounds or information of any nature by wire, radio,
optical or other electromagnetic systems.
✓ occurs when the exchange of information between
communication participants includes the use of technology
✓ communication over a distance by cable, telegraph, telephone, or
broadcasting.
18
19. Wireless Communication Protocols
❑Bluetooth
✓ Bluetooth is a global 2.4 GHz personal area network for
short-range wireless communication.
✓ Device-to-device file transfers, wireless speakers, and
wireless headsets are often enabled with Bluetooth.
❑ZigBee
✓ ZigBee is a 2.4 GHz mesh local area network (LAN)
protocol.
✓ It was originally designed for building automation and
control—so things like wireless thermostats and lighting
systems often use ZigBee.
19
20. ❑Z-Wave
✓ Z-Wave is a sub-GHz mesh network protocol, and is a
proprietary stack.
✓ It’s often used for security systems, home automation,
and lighting controls.
❑6LoWPAN
✓ 6LoWPAN uses a lightweight IP-based communication to
travel over lower data rate networks.
✓ It is an open IoT network protocol like ZigBee, and it is
primarily used for home and building automation.
20
21. ❑Thread
✓ Thread is an open standard, built on IPv6 and 6LoWPAN
protocols.
✓ You could think of it as Google’s version of ZigBee.
✓ You can actually use some of the same chips for Thread and
ZigBee, because they’re both based on 802.15.4.
❑2G (GSM)
✓ 2G is the “old-school” TDMA (usually) cellular protocol.
✓ ATMs and old alarm systems used this— and in most parts of
the world it is phased out or in the process of being phased
out.
21
22. ❑3G & 4G
✓ 3G was the first “high speed” cellular network, and is a name
that refers to a number of technologies that meet IMT-2000
standards.
✓ 4G is the generation of cellular standards that followed 3G,
and is what most people use today for mobile cellular data.
✓ You can use 3G and 4G for IoT devices, but the application
needs a constant power source or must be able to be
recharged regularly
22
23. ❑5G
✓ won’t be released for another five years,
✓ the next generation of cellular network protocol.
✓ It’s designed for high throughput, and it will probably face
the same issues as 3G and 4G in regards to IoT.
Written Assignment #1:
Read on Mobile Devices( A Brief History of Mobile/tablets, Characteristics of
Mobile/tablet Devices, Mobile Devices Platforms) and come up with a brief
report with not more than 5 pages.
23
