emetics and anti-emetics.pptx

1. By:- Ravikant Sir

2. EMETICS are class of drugs / medicine that are used to
induce vomiting.
They are mainly used in case of poisoning, to empty
stomach.

3. Anti-EMETICS class of drugs / medicines that used to prevent or
stop Nausea and Vomiting.
Used In such cases
 Post operative vomiting
 Chemotherapy induced vomiting
 Bed smell, Thought, Sight Induced
 Motion sickness / morning sickness
 Gastric irritation induced vomiting

5. Bed smell
Bed thought
Bed sight
Radiation therapy
Chemotherapy
Post-operative
Pregnancy induced
Gastroenteritis
Drug induced
indigestion
Motion sickness
5-HT (Serotonine)
Dopamine (d2)
5-HT (Serotonine)
Dopamine (d2)
Histamine-1
5-HT (Serotonine)
Histamine
muscarine
Histamine-1

7. EMETICS are class of drugs / medicine that are used to
induce vomiting.
They are mainly used in case of poisoning, to empty
stomach.

8. 1. C.N.S ACTING 2. GASTRIC IRRITANTS 3. BOTH
Stimulate CTz centre
Serotonine (5HT) &
Dopamine (D2)
receptor agonist
Morphine
Apo-morphine
Irritate gastric mucosa
Serotonine (5HT) &
Histamine (H1) ,
Muscarinic receptor
agonist
Sodium chloride
Mustard
Alluminium
Stimulate CTz centre
& Irritate gastric
mucosa
Ipecacuanha
Digitalis
Induce vomiting
within 15 minutes

9. HYPERTENSION
DROWSINESS , HEADACHE
RESPIRATORY DISTRESS
Altered Consciousness

10. HERNIA
ANEURYSM
HEART DISEASE
PEPTIC ULCER
RESPIRATORY
DEPRESSION
ACID OR ALKALI
(CORROSIVE)
INGESTION
UNCONSCIOUS PETROLIUM
POISON
INGESTION

11. Anti-EMETICS class of drugs / medicines that used to prevent or
stop Nausea and Vomiting.
Uses / Indication :-
 Post operative vomiting
 Chemotherapy induced vomiting
 Bed smell, Thought, Sight Induced
 Motion sickness / morning sickness
 Gastric irritation induced vomiting

13. 1. C.N.S ACTING (DEPRESS CNS)
2. Promote GASTRIC Emptying
3. Motion sickness Inhibitor
4. Morning sickness Inhibitor

14. 1. C.N.S ACTING (DEPRESS CNS)
They Depress CNS & CTz centre
Serotonine (5HT) & Dopamine (D2) receptor antagonist / blocker
USES :- Prevent bed smell , thought , chemotherapy, radiation therapy induced
vomiting , post -operative vomiting
EXAMPLES:-
 Domperidon(child)
 ONDENSETRONE (Drug of choice in chemotherapy & radiation therapy induced
vomiting )
 DOLASETRON

15. 2. Promote GASTRIC Emptying
They promote gastric emptying.
Histamine (H1) , Dopamine (D2) receptor antagonist / Blocker
USES :- Prevent gastric irritation (gastroenteritis, indigestion,
drugs) Induced Nausea & Vomiting
Metoclopramide (reglan)
Promethazine (Phenargan)

16. 3. Control motion sickness
They control motion sickness
Histamine (H1) receptor antagonist / Blocker
USES :-
o Motion sickness Induced Nausea & Vomiting.
o Used in Menier’s Disease
Scopolamine (Hyoscine)
Cinnarzine (FIRST CHOICE)
Diphenhydramine (LOW POTENSY )

17. 4. Control morning sickness
They control morning sickness (in early pregnancy)
Histamine (H1) receptor antagonist / Blocker
USES :- morning sickness nausea & Vomiting.
Doxylamine
Pyridoxin (vitamine B6)
Promethazine & metoclopramide (use only in emergency)

18. SEVERE MORNING SICKNESS – Promethazine & Metoclopramide
PREGNANCY (MORNING SICKNESS) – Doxylamine-Pyridoxine
CHEMOTHERPY & RADIATION INDUCED - Ondensetrone
POST OPERATIVE VOMITING - Ondensetrone
Menier’s Disease (N & V , vertigo ) - Cinnarzine
Nausea & Vomiting in children - Domperidone
Motion Sickness Vertigo & vomiting – Scopolamine (Hyoscine) , cinnarzine

19. HYPOTENSION
DROWSINESS , HEADACHE
DRY MOUTH
BLURR VISION

20. LETHARY
LOW BP
PREGNANCY
GLAUCOMA
PARKINSON’S
DISEASE
HEADACHE

21. This is not the END……. 
• Write Nursing responsibility as I discussed in
class………