2. •Sources of News
•Elements of News
• Qualities of News
•Steps in Writing News
• Tips in Writing News
• Structure of News
• The Lead
• Classifications of Lead
• Kinds of Summary Lead
3. •oral or written report of a
past, present or future
event.
•should be factual, truthful,
accurate, unbiased and
interesting.
4. Sources of News
Police head quarters/stations
Morgue
Jails & prisons
City hall/Municipal hall
Hospitals
Fire stations
Financial institutions
Government Offices
6. CAMPUS NEWS SOURCES
Office of the President
Office of the Vice-Presidents
Clinic
Athletics Office
Different Department/College Offices
Student Affairs Office
Security Unit
Training Centers
7. ELEMENTS OF NEWS
• Conflict = It deals with any
disagreement between man
and his fellowman, man and
nature, or man and himself.
• Immediacy = refers to the
timeliness of the event.
8. ELEMENTS OF NEWS
• Proximity = the nearness of
the events to the readers.
• Prominence = it deals with
persons, places, things, and
situation which are familiar to or of
importance to the reader.
9. ELEMENTS OF NEWS
• Significance = it refers not
only to the importance of the
event but also on how it will affect
the readers.
• Names = it involves
newsworthy people like those who
passed the board exams and
those who won during election or
competition.
10. ELEMENTS OF NEWS
• Romance and Adventure =
love and adventure stories,
especially among celebrities and
prominent people can arouse
reader’s interest.
• Human Interest = it deals
with events which are appealing to
the emotion.
11. ELEMENTS OF NEWS
• Oddity = it consists of any
unusual or deviation from the
normal course of events like a
pregnant man, bearded woman,
and other newsworthy data or
event.
12. ELEMENTS OF NEWS
• Animals = stories about
animals especially those unusual
ones are interesting to the
readers.
• Numbers = results of
sweepstakes, raffle draws, and
peso-dollar equivalence make
good news.
13. ELEMENTS OF NEWS
• Change & Development =
any progress like putting up of
new school, building, road, bridge,
and the like.
• Calamity = newspaper pages
devote stories & photos
describing casualties caused by
earthquakes, typhoons, & other
natural disasters.
14. QUALITIES OF
NEWS
• ACCURATE = it refers to the
correctness of statements,
names, figures, and other
information.
15. QUALITIES OF
NEWS
• COMPLETE & BALANCE = it
gives proper emphasis on each
fact in relation to other facts; it
also gives attention to both
sides in a controversial issue.
16. QUALITIES OF
NEWS
• OBJECTIVE = the news
does not take side and devoid of
any impartiality.
• FACTUAL = it consists of
actual persons and events with
nothing invented.
17. QUALITIES OF
NEWS
• CONCISE = it is short enough
to contain the most important
facts.
• TIMELY = it refers to
the freshness or immediacy of
the event.
18. STEPS IN WRITING
THE NEWS STORY
• LIST DOWN ALL THE
DATA
• ARRANGE FACTS IN A
DESCENDING ORDER OF
IMPORTANT POINT
19. STEPS IN WRITING
THE NEWS STORY
• PRESENT THE OTHER DETAILS
OF THE NEWS IN THE NEXT
PARAGRAPHS TO ANSWER THE
QUESTIONS NOT YET
ANSWERED
• MAKE THE LEAD PLAY UP THE
MOST INTERESTING AND
IMPORTANT POINTS
20. TIPS IN NEWS
WRITING
• WRITE THE NEWS AS SOON AS
YOU HAVE GATHERED THE FACTS
• HIGHLIGHT THE MOST
IMPORTANT DATA AS YOUR LEAD
• BE ACCURATE IN PRESENTING
FACTS
21. TIPS IN NEWS
WRITING
• NAMES SHOULD BE GIVEN IN
FULL WHEN FIRST MENTIONED.
THEREAFTER, USE MR. AND/OR
SURNAME FOR MEN, MISS OR
MRS. AND/OR SURNAME FOR
WOMEN OR ANY SPECIAL OR
APPROPRIATE TITLE
22. TIPS IN NEWS
WRITING
• AVOID EDITORIALIZING. DON’T
INJECT YOUR OPINION TO THE
NEWS
• ATTRIBUTE AUTHORITY OR
SOURCE OF NEWS TO READER’S
CONFIDENCE IN THE ACCURACY
OF THE STORY AND TO PROTECT
THE NEWSPAPER FROM LIBEL SUIT
23. TIPS IN NEWS
WRITING
• BE OBJECTIVE. PRESENT FACTS
WITHOUT BIAS
• MAKE SHORT PARAGRAPH. WRITE
ONE-IDEA, MOSTLY ONE-
SENTENCE PARAGRAPH
24. TIPS IN NEWS
WRITING
•USE SIMPLE WORDS
•USE SHORT SENTENCES BUT VARY
THEIR LENGH
•DO NOT INVOLVE YOURSELF IN THE
NEWS BY USING FIRST PERSON
25. TIPS IN NEWS
WRITING
•PREFER THE ACTIVE TO THE PASSIVE
VOICE
•PRESENT BOTH SIDE OF THE
PERSONS INVOLVED IN THE NEWS
•PLACE DIRECT AND INDIRECT
QUOTATION SEPARATELY IN
PARAGRAPHS
26. TIPS IN NEWS
WRITNG
•NUMBERS FROM 1-9 SHOULD BE
WRITTEN IN WORD AND 10 AND
ABOVE SHOULD BE IN NUMERICAL
FIGURE
• DO NOT START THE SENTENCE
WITH NUMERICAL FIGURE. HAVE IT
IN WORD
27. STRUCTURE OF NEWS
Lead: most impt fact
Next most impt. Fact
Less impt.
Less impt.
Least impt.
28. THE LEAD
THE LEAD IS THE STORY’S
OPENING SENTENCE OR TWO. IN
STRAIGHT NEWS, IT TELLS THE MOST
IMPORTANT FACTS OF THE STORY. IN
FEATURE ARTICLE OR NEWS FEATURE, IT
SHOULD BE A WORD, A SENTENCES OR
A PARAGRAPH THAT ATTRACT AND
SUSTAIN THE READER’S INTEREST.
29. LEAD IN A NEWS STORY,
PARTICULARLY IN STRAIGHT NEWS,
NEEDS NOT BE TOO LONG. AS A
POPULAR ADAGE ABOUT IT SAYS: “A
LEAD SHOULD BE LIKE A MINISKIRT, SHORT
ENOUGH TO BE ATTRATIVE, BUT LONG
ENOUGH TO COVER THE ESSENTIALS.”
30. •LEAD- first paragraph of the
news story
•5W’s and 1H (conventional)
•LEAD must not be crowded 25
to 30 words
31. CROWDED LEAD
• Two teenager, Roberto Cruz &
Cesar Aton, both of San Francisco
High School in Pasay City, were killed
at 5p.m. today at the corner of Shaw
Blvd. and Samar St., when a ten
wheeler truck lost control and
rammed the car where the two boys
were riding and crashed into a
waiting shed.
32. SIMPLIFIED LEAD
• Two students of San Francisco
High School in Pasay City were killed
this afternoon when the car they
were riding was hit by a ten wheeler
truck at the corner of Shaw Blvd. and
Samar St.
33. EXAMPLE
MOST IMPORTANT FACT ( LEAD)
• An 11-year-old girl playing in her room escaped death
but suffered minor injuries when lightning hit a tree near
their house in San Pedro, Laguna yesterday.
• The victim, Nelia Reyes, was brought to San Pedro
Community Hospital for minor burns in the body.
NEXT MOST IMPORTANT FACT
• A witness said that lightning set the tree on fire which
spread to the nearby house where the girl was playing.
LESS IMPORTANT FACT
• Doctors at the hospital said the victim will be released
after two days.
34. CLASSIFICATIONS OF LEAD
• SUMMARY LEAD - It answers the
five Ws and one H (What, Who,
Where, When, Why, and How). The
story is presented using the inverted
pyramid form where the most
important data are in the first and
second paragraph. This is used in
writing straight news.
35. CLASSIFICATIONS OF LEAD
• NOVELTY LEAD- It attracts the
reader’s attention, arouse his
curiosity and sustain his interest. It is
used in writing a news feature or a
feature article.
36. KINDS OF SUMMARY LEAD
• WHAT LEAD - It is used if the
most important angle of the news is
the event.
Landslides and floods brought by heavy monsoon
rains in Southern Luzon have killed at least five people, as
soldiers on rubber boats rushed food and relief supplies to
nearly 200,000 affected residents, officials said yesterday.
37. KINDS OF SUMMARY LEAD
• WHO LEAD - This kind of
summary lead is used if the person
or organization involved in the news
is more significant.
Inmates of the Davao del Norte provincial jail staged
a noise barrage early yesterday, calling for the ouster of two
jail guards they accused of committing abuses, prison
officials said.
38. KINDS OF SUMMARY LEAD
• WHERE LEAD - This is used if the
location where the event took place
is more significant than the other
aspects of the news.
Taguam City hosted the annual National Schools
Press Conference attended by elementary and secondary
school campus journalists and school paper advisers of the
17 regions of the Philippines, February 22-26, 2010.
39. KINDS OF SUMMARY LEAD
• WHEN LEAD - This lead is
seldom used. This is only used if the
time element is more important
than the other angles of the story.
February 14 is the deadline for the submission of the
nomination forms of the 2011 Metrobank Foundation
Search for Outstanding Teacher.
40. KINDS OF SUMMARY LEAD
• WHY LEAD - This is used if the
cause of the event is the most
effective angle of the story.
To bring the services of the government to the
doorsteps of its constituents, Sangguniang Panlunsod of
General Santos City yesterday launched the “City Hall sa
Barangay”.
41. KINDS OF SUMMARY LEAD
• HOW LEAD - This is used if the
process or the manner of how the
event happened is more important
than the other angles of the news.
42. By installing more closed-circuit cameras in Manila
malls, sending out guards with dogs and setting up
checkpoints, police acted on the warning of the senior
official of a possible terrorists’ major attack in the capital
following a ferry bombing in Zamboanga City that killed
killed 30 people yesterday.
43.
44. WRITE A NEWS BASED ON FACTS
- 13 BRAND NEW DUMP TRUCK AND EIGHT BRAND NEW PICK-UP
TRUCKS ACQUIRED BY CITY HALL FOR ROAD MAINTENANCE,
FLOOD CONTROL AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
- MANILA MAYOR LITO ATIENZA TURNED OVER TO THE CITY
ENGINEER’S OFFICE YESTERDAY
- THE TURNOVER RITES WAS A SIMPLE ONE AT THE MANILA CITY
HALL QUADRANGLE
- ATIENZA INSTRUCTED CITY ENGINEER ARMAND ADRES TO
MAXIMIZE THE USE OF THE NEW TRUCKS TO SPEED UP
COMPLETION OF ONGOING CITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
- THE TRUCK SHOULD ALSO BE AVAILABLE DURING EMERGENCY
SITUATIONS INCLUDING FERRYING STRANDED COMMUTERS IN
FLOOD-PRONE AREAS AND RESCUING RESIDENCE IN LOW-LYING
DISTRICTS DURING TYPHOON
- ALL TRUCKS WERE BOUGHT LOCALLY AMOUNTING TO P29.5
MILLION
47. Manila Mayor Lito Atienza turned over to the City
Engineer’s Office yesterday 13 brand new dump trucks and
eight pick-up trucks acquired by the city hall for road
maintenance, flood control and urban development projects.
In a simple turnover rites at the Manila City Hall
quadrangle, Major Atienza instructed City Engineer Armand
Andres to maximize the use of the new trucks to speed
completion of ongoing city development projects.
Atienza said the trucks should also be made available
during emergency situations including ferrying stranded
commuters in flood-prone areas and rescuing residents in low-
lying districts during typhoons.
All trucks were bought locally amounting to P29.5
million.
