Conditionals PPT

1. Conditionals
Types zero, first, second, third

2. Conditionals
 Conditional sentences are sentences expressing
factual implications, or hypothetical situations and
their consequences.
 If I study hard, I will pass the exam.

3. Open or unreal
 Conditions express different degrees of reality.
 Open: If you join the library, you can borrow books.
 Unreal: If you'd arrived ten minutes later, we would
have been closed.
 An open condition expresses something which may
be true or may become true. (You may join the
library). An unreal condition expresses something
which is not true or is imaginary. (You did not arrive
later.)

4. Conditionals
Conditional Type If Clause Main Clause
Zero
General truths
if + Simple present,
If you touch a flame,
Simple present
you burn yourself.
Type I
Possible and likely to
fulfill (future)
if + Simple present,
If I find her address,
Will (Future)
I will send her an
invitation.
Type II
Possible and unlikely to
fulfill (present)
if + Simple Past,
If you went to bed earlier,
Would, could + Infinitive
you would not be so
tired.
Type III
Impossible to fulfill (past)
if + Past Perfect,
If I had studied,
Would, could, might +
have + Past Participle
I would have passed.

6. Examples (affirmative and negative
sentences)
Type Examples
Long forms Short/ contracted forms
I
+ If I study, I will pass the exam. If I study, I'll pass the exam.
-
If I study, I will not fail the exam.
If I do not study, I will fail the
exam.
If I study, I won't fail the exam.
If I don't study, I'll fail the exam.
II
+ If I studied, I would pass the exam. If I studied, I'd pass the exam.
-
If I studied, I would not fail the
exam.
If I did not study, I would fail the
exam.
If I studied, I wouldn't fail the exam.
If I didn't study, I'd fail the exam.
III
+
If I had studied, I would have
passedthe exam.
If I'd studied, I'd have passed the
exam.
-
If I had studied, I would not have
failed the exam.
If I had not studied, I would have
failed the exam.
If I'd studied, I wouldn't have
failed the exam.
If I hadn't studied, I'd have failed the
exam.

7. Identify the conditional!
 If you make a mistake, someone will let you know.
 If you don't eat for a long time, you become hungry.
 If I had found her address, I would have sent her an
invitation.
 If I had enough money, I would go to Japan.
 If I liked parties, I would attend more of them.
 If you had warned me, I would not have told your
father about that party.