The document discusses poetry and its various forms and elements. It defines poetry as a means of sharing experiences, stories, feelings or ideas through language in a particular structured way. It notes poetry has a distinct structure and uses devices like rhyme, meter, and figurative language. The document then describes over 20 different forms of poetry like sonnets, haiku, ballads, and more. It concludes by listing common elements of poetry like structure, meter, rhyme, sound, subject, and figurative devices.

1. POETRY
POETRY
JOCHELLE C. FERNANDEZ

2. Poetry is a means of sharing experiences,
Poetry is a means of sharing experiences,
telling a story, or expressing feelings or
telling a story, or expressing feelings or
ideas through the use of language in a
ideas through the use of language in a
particular way.
particular way.
As opposed to prose writing, poetry in
As opposed to prose writing, poetry in
written form has a distinct structure and
written form has a distinct structure and
words may form patterns of sound, verse
words may form patterns of sound, verse
or thought.
or thought.

3. Poetry is an intricate literary form that
Poetry is an intricate literary form that
incorporates rhyme, figurative language,
incorporates rhyme, figurative language,
sound devices, and meter in
sound devices, and meter in
order to evoke a wide array of meanings.
order to evoke a wide array of meanings.
The language of poetry is not always
The language of poetry is not always
straightforward. It guides readers to reach
straightforward. It guides readers to reach
a conclusion but never gives out any
a conclusion but never gives out any
details explicitly.
details explicitly.

4. Poems are usually shorter than novels, may come
Poems are usually shorter than novels, may come
in many shapes and forms, and are often
in many shapes and forms, and are often divided
divided
into stanzas (or verses). But just like prose,
into stanzas (or verses). But just like prose,
poems also share similar features like subject
poems also share similar features like subject
(what it is about), theme (what it says about the
(what it is about), theme (what it says about the
subject), and a mood/feeling/tone (how the
subject), and a mood/feeling/tone (how the
author feels about this or how the author wants
author feels about this or how the author wants
the readers to feel).
the readers to feel).

5. A) Narrative poem
It tells a story with an
orientation,
complication, crisis,
and resolution,
B) Lyrical poem
It conveys an experience, or
ideas, thoughts or feelings
about a subject without
necessarily having
‘something happen.’
To make meaning out of poems, two broad
To make meaning out of poems, two broad
approaches can be used:
approaches can be used:

6. Poems also come in many forms.
Poems also come in many forms.
These forms are distinguished from the
These forms are distinguished from the
other by the choice of structural units
other by the choice of structural units
(couplets, quatrains, and their
(couplets, quatrains, and their
arrangement with the overall poem),
arrangement with the overall poem),
the layout of a poem on the page, and
the layout of a poem on the page, and
the organization of the lines of the
the organization of the lines of the
poem. Here are some of them:
poem. Here are some of them:

7. It is a poem which consists of
It is a poem which consists of
vertical first letters name of the
vertical first letters name of the
topic while the horizontal words
topic while the horizontal words
describe the topic.
describe the topic.
1) Acrostic

8. It is a narrative poem which tells a
It is a narrative poem which tells a
dramatic story in four-line stanza
dramatic story in four-line stanza
with a regular beat. A ballad was
with a regular beat. A ballad was
originally set to music and sung.
originally set to music and sung.
2) Ballad

9. Dating to prehistoric time, hence
Dating to prehistoric time, hence
one of the earliest forms of poetry,
one of the earliest forms of poetry,
chant is a poem of no fixed form,
chant is a poem of no fixed form,
but in which one or more lines are
but in which one or more lines are
repeated over and over. It is usually
repeated over and over. It is usually
meant to be spoken aloud.
meant to be spoken aloud.
3) Chant

10. It is a five line poem that follows a
It is a five line poem that follows a
pattern and does not rhyme. The
pattern and does not rhyme. The
cinquain consists of five lines of 2,
cinquain consists of five lines of 2,
4, 6, 8 and 2 syllables respectively.
4, 6, 8 and 2 syllables respectively.
4) Cinquain

11. It is a poem that involves humor
It is a poem that involves humor
and makes sense.
and makes sense.
5)ComicVerse

12. It is a seven line poem in which the
It is a seven line poem in which the
first and last lines are opposites or
first and last lines are opposites or
contrasts. It is written in the shape
contrasts. It is written in the shape
of a diamond.
of a diamond.
6)Diamante

13. It is a poem of mourning to
It is a poem of mourning to
someone’s death.
someone’s death.
7)Elegy

14. It is a long narrative poem on a
It is a long narrative poem on a
subject which is thought to be
subject which is thought to be
great and serious.
great and serious.
8)Epic

15. It is a short and pointed poem,
It is a short and pointed poem,
often a witty statement in verse or
often a witty statement in verse or
prose which may be complimentary,
prose which may be complimentary,
satiric or aphoristic.
satiric or aphoristic.
9)Epigram

16. It is a poem with a short inscription carved
It is a poem with a short inscription carved
on a tombstone (or written with that
on a tombstone (or written with that
context in mind). It usually rhymes and
context in mind). It usually rhymes and
lends itself to imitation and distortion.
lends itself to imitation and distortion.
While the epitaph in a cemetery is often
While the epitaph in a cemetery is often
serious, the form can be made humorous.
serious, the form can be made humorous.
10)Epitaph

17. It is a poetry that does not
It is a poetry that does not
conform to particular schemes or
conform to particular schemes or
patterns of rhyme, meter or form
patterns of rhyme, meter or form
because it doesn’t follow strict
because it doesn’t follow strict
rules it has flexibility.
rules it has flexibility.
11)Freeverse

18. Originated in Japan and often tells
Originated in Japan and often tells
about nature, it consists of three
about nature, it consists of three
unrhymed lines containing 17
unrhymed lines containing 17
syllables (5, 7, 5) and portrays a
syllables (5, 7, 5) and portrays a
single idea or feeling while having a
single idea or feeling while having a
strong visual imagery.
strong visual imagery.
12)Haiku.

19. It is a poem that is cheerful, airy
It is a poem that is cheerful, airy
and light-hearted, it often
and light-hearted, it often
describes everyday events and uses
describes everyday events and uses
language of the speaking voice.
language of the speaking voice.
13)LightVerse

20. This is usually brief and lends
This is usually brief and lends
itself to comic effects. The
itself to comic effects. The
limerick consists of three long
limerick consists of three long
and two short lines rhyming
and two short lines rhyming
aabba. Rhyme and rhythm are
aabba. Rhyme and rhythm are
used to enhance the content.
used to enhance the content.
14)Limerick

21. Concerned with feelings and
Concerned with feelings and
thoughts rather than action or
thoughts rather than action or
narrative, it usually represents and
narrative, it usually represents and
reflects on a single experience, is
reflects on a single experience, is
intensely personal, and its rhythms
intensely personal, and its rhythms
often have a musical flexibility.
often have a musical flexibility.
15)Lyric

22. It tells a story with an
It tells a story with an
orientation, complication and
orientation, complication and
resolution eg nursery rhymes. It
resolution eg nursery rhymes. It
can be short or long, serious,
can be short or long, serious,
humorous, personal or
humorous, personal or
impersonal.
impersonal.
16)Narrative

23. Categorized as light verse that
Categorized as light verse that
has structure and rhyme and
has structure and rhyme and
invented words, it is
invented words, it is
characterized by fantastic
characterized by fantastic
themes, absurd images, artificial
themes, absurd images, artificial
language and humor.
language and humor.
17)NonsenseVerse

24. Usually having regular rhymes,
Usually having regular rhymes,
strong rhythms and repetition, it
strong rhythms and repetition, it
could be described as jingles for
could be described as jingles for
children, forming part of the oral
children, forming part of the oral
tradition of many countries.
tradition of many countries.
18)NurseryRhyme

25. Usually celebrating a person,
Usually celebrating a person,
animal or object, an ode is often
animal or object, an ode is often
written without the constraints
written without the constraints
of formal structure or rhyme.
of formal structure or rhyme.
19)Ode

26. It indirectly describes a person,
It indirectly describes a person,
place, thing or idea and can be
place, thing or idea and can be
any length and usually has a
any length and usually has a
rhyming scheme.
rhyming scheme.
20)Riddle

27. It is a poem that has been set to
It is a poem that has been set to
music. The word ‘lyric’ comes
music. The word ‘lyric’ comes
from the Greek word lyre, a kind
from the Greek word lyre, a kind
of harp that was often used to
of harp that was often used to
accompany songs.
accompany songs.
21)SongLyric

28. It is a lyric poem that has
It is a lyric poem that has
fourteen lines of five beats each.
fourteen lines of five beats each.
Rather than tell a story. It
Rather than tell a story. It
usually explores a feeling or
usually explores a feeling or
state of mind or expresses a
state of mind or expresses a
fixed idea.
fixed idea.
22)Sonnet

29. A type of Japanese poem similar
A type of Japanese poem similar
to haiku, it consists of five lines
to haiku, it consists of five lines
with the first and third lines
with the first and third lines
usually having five syllables and
usually having five syllables and
the others seven, making it a
the others seven, making it a
total of 31.
total of 31.
23)Tanka

30. It is a fixed form, usually
It is a fixed form, usually
containing five three-line
containing five three-line
stanzas and a four-line stanza,
stanzas and a four-line stanza,
with only two rhymes
with only two rhymes
throughout.
throughout.
24)Villanelle

31. Elements of Poetry
Elements of Poetry
StructureandForm
1.
2.Meter
3.RhymeandRhyme
Scheme
4.SoundandRhythm
5.Subject
6.Speaker
7.FigurativeLanguage
andPoeticDevices
8.Theme
9.ToneandMood
10.Syntax

32. Thank you for
Thank you for
Listening!
Listening!