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Diamond Geology
2 of 27
Crudely concentric structure
Crust
Solid lower and upper mantle
Liquid outer core
Solid inner core
Evolution of the earth
3 of 27
Crater
Diatreme
Xenoliths
Root
Eruption of a kimberlite volcano
4 of 27
Diamondiferous kimberlites
mobile belt craton
lithosphere
diamond stability zone
5 of 27
Diamond deposits
6 of 27
Argyle
Jwaneng
Orapa
Letlhakane
Damtshaa
Premier
Finsch
Venetia
Williamsons
DRC
Angola
Sierra Leone
Guinea
Namdeb
Namaqualand
Panna
Mengyin
Liaoning
Udachny
Mir
International
Lomonosov
Grib
Ekati
Diavik
Snap Lake
Victor
Venezuela
Brazil
Global diamond deposits
Alluvial Diamond Deposits
River transport away
from kimberlite sources
enhances diamond
values
Poor quality diamonds
destroyed, gemstones
survive 1200
Uplift
Erosion
Alluvial Terraces
Deposition
Atlantic
Ocean
Longshore drift
weather/wind
240 80 million years
500
Raised
Beaches
Drowned
Beaches
Eroding
Kimberlites
Calcrete
Rooikoppie
Upper Gravels
Basal Gravels
Bedrock
Trap Sites
3 – 12m
Rooikoppie Workings – MOR (1920’s)
How it was done
Klipdam Palaeo-channel
Processing & Recovery -
Screening Plant
12
Processing & Recovery - Holpan
Some Rockwell Diamonds
51 carats
Spotless D
US$1.3M
(US$25,750/carat)
49 carats
D
US$1.0M
(US$21,200/carat)
34 carats
Vivid Yellow
US$720,000
(US$21,100/carat)
54 carats
Fancy Yellow
US$432,000
(US$8,000/carat)
156 carats
Flawless D
US$5.7M
(US$37,000/carat)
39 carats
Flawless D
US$858,000
(US$22,000/carat)
152 carats
Flawless D
US$4.3M
(US$28,000/carat)
132 carats
Intense Yellow
US$1.6M
(US$12,200/carat)
Source of Diamonds – N Cape
“After the passing of many moons, and when there was great
sorrow in the land, a spirit, pitying the wants and difficulties of
mankind, descended from Heaven with a huge basket filled
with diamonds. The spirit flew over the Vaal River, starting
beyond Delport’s Hope, and dropping diamonds as it sped on;
past Barkly West and Klipdam it flew along towards a place
now called Kimberley”:-
- according to a native legend regarding the origin of
diamonds in Griqualand West (now the Northern Cape
Province of South Africa), from “The Romance and Reality of
the Vaal Diamond Diggings” by T L Terpend and George Beet
(~1931)

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Diamond Geology

  • 1. TSX Venture: RDI OTCBB: RDIAF JSE: RDI Diamond Geology
  • 2. 2 of 27 Crudely concentric structure Crust Solid lower and upper mantle Liquid outer core Solid inner core Evolution of the earth
  • 4. 4 of 27 Diamondiferous kimberlites mobile belt craton lithosphere diamond stability zone
  • 5. 5 of 27 Diamond deposits
  • 6. 6 of 27 Argyle Jwaneng Orapa Letlhakane Damtshaa Premier Finsch Venetia Williamsons DRC Angola Sierra Leone Guinea Namdeb Namaqualand Panna Mengyin Liaoning Udachny Mir International Lomonosov Grib Ekati Diavik Snap Lake Victor Venezuela Brazil Global diamond deposits
  • 7. Alluvial Diamond Deposits River transport away from kimberlite sources enhances diamond values Poor quality diamonds destroyed, gemstones survive 1200 Uplift Erosion Alluvial Terraces Deposition Atlantic Ocean Longshore drift weather/wind 240 80 million years 500 Raised Beaches Drowned Beaches Eroding Kimberlites Calcrete Rooikoppie Upper Gravels Basal Gravels Bedrock Trap Sites 3 – 12m
  • 8. Rooikoppie Workings – MOR (1920’s)
  • 9. How it was done
  • 11. Processing & Recovery - Screening Plant
  • 13. Some Rockwell Diamonds 51 carats Spotless D US$1.3M (US$25,750/carat) 49 carats D US$1.0M (US$21,200/carat) 34 carats Vivid Yellow US$720,000 (US$21,100/carat) 54 carats Fancy Yellow US$432,000 (US$8,000/carat) 156 carats Flawless D US$5.7M (US$37,000/carat) 39 carats Flawless D US$858,000 (US$22,000/carat) 152 carats Flawless D US$4.3M (US$28,000/carat) 132 carats Intense Yellow US$1.6M (US$12,200/carat)
  • 14.
  • 15. Source of Diamonds – N Cape “After the passing of many moons, and when there was great sorrow in the land, a spirit, pitying the wants and difficulties of mankind, descended from Heaven with a huge basket filled with diamonds. The spirit flew over the Vaal River, starting beyond Delport’s Hope, and dropping diamonds as it sped on; past Barkly West and Klipdam it flew along towards a place now called Kimberley”:- - according to a native legend regarding the origin of diamonds in Griqualand West (now the Northern Cape Province of South Africa), from “The Romance and Reality of the Vaal Diamond Diggings” by T L Terpend and George Beet (~1931)