1) The AK6 kimberlite in Botswana was discovered in 1969 but considered low interest until improved exploration technologies allowed reexamination in 1998.
2) Advanced exploration from 2005-2006 involved large diameter drilling, sampling, and diamond recovery to evaluate the deposit. This led to an initial inferred resource of 11.6 million carats from 48.5 million tons at 24 carats per hundred tons.
3) Further work including trenching and more drilling was planned to upgrade the resource to the indicated classification required for a bankable feasibility study and potential future mining.
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The discovery and evaluation of AK6
1. The Discovery and Evaluation of
The Discovery and Evaluation of
the AK6 Kimberlite in Botswana
the AK6 Kimberlite in Botswana
Alex van Zyl
8 September 2006
3. 3
Agenda
Agenda
‹ AK06 kimberlite discovered by DB
in 1969 following geophysical
surveys
‹ Considered low interest
● ~3 cpht
● ~3.3 ha
● Moderate chemistry
6. 6
Exploration History
Exploration History
‹ From 1998 area revisited due to improved
exploration technologies
‹ Debot held AK6 under PL13/2000
‹ The Boteti JV agreement 2004, included 29
kimberlites
‹ Geophysics defines size of AK6 from 3.3ha to
c.9.5ha
‹ 2003/4: Bulk sampling with 12” LDD across
kimberlite to test for macro-diamonds: modeled
global grade 25cpht, modeled value of $138/ct
(1mm bottom cut-off).
‹ 2004/5: 6.5-inch Percussion drilling (44 holes,
6376m) to delineate surface outline.
‹ Results have led to current advanced
exploration phase of work
7. 7
Boteti Exploration Joint Venture
(AK6 Kimberlite)
• De Beers Botswana 51%
• AFD 49%
• De Beers is the Operator - 70% with
bankable feasibility study
Preliminary results from early stage
exploration
• Surface Area 9.5 hectares; modeled
grade 25 cpht
• Tonnage 40Mt (to 400m); total carats
10 Mcts (deposit / low inferred
classification)
Background
Background
N
8. 8
‹ Objective
‹ Evaluate AK06 kimberlite in
order to deliver a high
confidence “indicated” mineral
resource
‹ Contribute towards delivering a
bankable pre-feasibility study
for AK06
Advanced Exploration Programme
Advanced Exploration Programme
9. 9
Scope
‹ Delineation and Pilot Core Drilling
‹ 23-inch (584mm) Large Diameter (LDD)
Sampling to 400m
‹ On-site DMS Sample Processing
‹ Diamond Recovery at
● GEMDL
● MiDA in Kimberley
‹ Geological (core & chips) Logging
‹ On-site data management
‹ Geological Modeling and 3D Volume
generation
‹ Resource Estimation & Classification
Advanced Exploration Programme
Advanced Exploration Programme
11. 11
Update
Update -
- Phase 1 Delineation & Pilot Core Drilling
Phase 1 Delineation & Pilot Core Drilling
‹ Delineation and Pilot Core Drilling
commenced in February 2005
‹ Recovered core is used for detailed
geological logging, petrography for kimberlite
classification and modeling, Ore Dressing
Studies, microdiamond assessment and for
rock density measurements
‹ Delineation and pilot core drilling activities
were completed in October 2005. Kimberlite
larger at depth.
Scope Holes Actual
Metres drilled
Delineation
core
15 6594
Pilot core 13 3278
500m
Preliminary geological model
(Pyroclastic & Magmatic kimberlite present)
12. 12
Update
Update -
- Phase 1 LDD Drilling
Phase 1 LDD Drilling
‹ Commenced end July 2005,
contracted-out to De Wet Drilling using
the ‘Elephant 2’ rig
‹ 13 LDD holes to maximum 400m
completed 10 February 2006.
‹ All holes calipered
‹ Concentrate yield in the south lobe
higher than anticipated
‹ LDD programme completed June 2006
14. 14
Update
Update –
– Phase 1 Sample Processing
Phase 1 Sample Processing
‹ On-site DMS 10tph plant
‹ Samples delivered to plant on daily basis
‹ Metallurgical and plant utilisation statistics
collected daily
‹ Constant security monitoring & recording
cameras
‹ % concentrate yields based on current DMS
results
• Up to 15% in south lobe due to dense nature of
kimberlite (one of the highest known kimberlite densities)
• Approx 1% in north lobe
‹ Monthly delivery of concentrate to the Group
Exploration Macrodiamond Laboratory for final
diamond recovery. Shipments escorted by
Debswana security, Botswana Police and De
Beers Security (RSA)
‹ Final sieving, weighing & valuation at Harry
Oppenheimer House in Kimberley. Diamond
layout and return diamonds to Botswana
Diamond Valuing Company, Gaborone
15. 15
Summary of Phase 1 Results
Summary of Phase 1 Results
‹ Drilling from July 2005 to February 2006
‹ Macro-diamond results issued for all 13 LDD holes.
‹ A total of 10,485 diamonds weighing 726 carats, un-
acidised (vs. planned 500 carats) recovered from 2744
tonnes (calculated from callipered volume and
measured rock density) of in situ sample from 13 LDD
holes)
‹ Diamond layout on 7 July 2006
● North/Centre lobes = $170/carat
● South lobe = $125/carat
● $150/carat vs. previous modeled $138/carat
North and Central Lobes are sufficiently similar to
combine them for valuation purposes.
16. 16
Update
Update -
- SHE
SHE
‹ Safety
● Project LTIFR of zero
● 1 non-LTI to date: drill contractor helper fell
from 1m height (without harness)
● Calf from nearby cattle-post trapped in
unbarricaded sump, later died. Owner
compensated amicably.
‹ Environment
● Environmental and Social scan of Orapa
area completed
ƒ Impact of Debot activities to communities
and environment
ƒ Impact of current AK6 activities to
environment and communities
ƒ Impact of potential future AK6 mine to
environment and communities
17. 17
Update
Update –
– Conceptual Engineering Design
Conceptual Engineering Design
‹ A multi-disciplinary team is in the process of providing a framework for a
Conceptual Engineering Study report
‹ Preliminary conceptual mine and plant designs have been drafted
‹ A draft economic model has been compiled and will be populated once the
revenue and grade models are available
‹ The Conceptual Study Report will be available after the completion of
Phase 1 of Advanced Exploration (Q4 2006)
SHALE
SHALE
SHALE
SHALE
18. 18
Plant Designs
‹ Plant Design Studies
‹ Various block flow diagrams are currently
being considered
‹ Conventional block flow diagram -
baseline design
‹ ‘Voorspoed’ type design with High
Pressure Rolls Crusher in a secondary
application
‹ ‘Canadian’type block flow diagram
(Tahera etc)
‹ Application of autogenous Milling
‹ Capital and operating costing in progress
‹ Option for processing at Letlhakane still
to be considered
19. 19
Mine Planning
‹ Mine Planning
‹ Letlhakane Mine slope angles
assumed for conceptual study
‹ Geotechnical & hydro-
geological modeling planned
‹ Conventional shovel truck
method. Diesel powered fleet
‹ The mine will operate 353
days per year under a Contops
environment.
‹ Host rock mined from the
upper benches of the pit will
be used during construction.
20. 20
Mineral Resource Estimation & Classification
‹ Resource classified at a ‘High Inferred' level
‹ Phase 2 ‘pre-qualification’score: ‘High Indicated’
‹ Resource inventory to 400m:
● 11.6M carats
● 48.5M tons
● Average grade: 24cpht (+1.0mm)
‹ Diamond value estimate still a risk
‹ Conceptual Study to follow