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The Discovery and Evaluation of
The Discovery and Evaluation of
the AK6 Kimberlite in Botswana
the AK6 Kimberlite in Botswana
Alex van Zyl
8 September 2006
2
Locality Map
Locality Map
JV Ground
3
Agenda
Agenda
‹ AK06 kimberlite discovered by DB
in 1969 following geophysical
surveys
‹ Considered low interest
● ~3 cpht
● ~3.3 ha
● Moderate chemistry
4
5
Nature of Diamonds
Nature of Diamonds
6
Exploration History
Exploration History
‹ From 1998 area revisited due to improved
exploration technologies
‹ Debot held AK6 under PL13/2000
‹ The Boteti JV agreement 2004, included 29
kimberlites
‹ Geophysics defines size of AK6 from 3.3ha to
c.9.5ha
‹ 2003/4: Bulk sampling with 12” LDD across
kimberlite to test for macro-diamonds: modeled
global grade 25cpht, modeled value of $138/ct
(1mm bottom cut-off).
‹ 2004/5: 6.5-inch Percussion drilling (44 holes,
6376m) to delineate surface outline.
‹ Results have led to current advanced
exploration phase of work
7
Boteti Exploration Joint Venture
(AK6 Kimberlite)
• De Beers Botswana 51%
• AFD 49%
• De Beers is the Operator - 70% with
bankable feasibility study
Preliminary results from early stage
exploration
• Surface Area 9.5 hectares; modeled
grade 25 cpht
• Tonnage 40Mt (to 400m); total carats
10 Mcts (deposit / low inferred
classification)
Background
Background
N
8
‹ Objective
‹ Evaluate AK06 kimberlite in
order to deliver a high
confidence “indicated” mineral
resource
‹ Contribute towards delivering a
bankable pre-feasibility study
for AK06
Advanced Exploration Programme
Advanced Exploration Programme
9
Scope
‹ Delineation and Pilot Core Drilling
‹ 23-inch (584mm) Large Diameter (LDD)
Sampling to 400m
‹ On-site DMS Sample Processing
‹ Diamond Recovery at
● GEMDL
● MiDA in Kimberley
‹ Geological (core & chips) Logging
‹ On-site data management
‹ Geological Modeling and 3D Volume
generation
‹ Resource Estimation & Classification
Advanced Exploration Programme
Advanced Exploration Programme
10
Advanced Exploration Programme
Advanced Exploration Programme
Phased Approach
‹ Phase 1: 500 carats - 70m grid centre
LDD (for inferred resource)
‹ Phase 2: (for indicated resource)
● 500 carats - 50m grid centre LDD
● 3000 carats – Bulk sampling
(surface trenching).
‹ Phase 3: 1000 carats - 25m grid
centre LDD (not required)
11
Update
Update -
- Phase 1 Delineation & Pilot Core Drilling
Phase 1 Delineation & Pilot Core Drilling
‹ Delineation and Pilot Core Drilling
commenced in February 2005
‹ Recovered core is used for detailed
geological logging, petrography for kimberlite
classification and modeling, Ore Dressing
Studies, microdiamond assessment and for
rock density measurements
‹ Delineation and pilot core drilling activities
were completed in October 2005. Kimberlite
larger at depth.
Scope Holes Actual
Metres drilled
Delineation
core
15 6594
Pilot core 13 3278
500m
Preliminary geological model
(Pyroclastic & Magmatic kimberlite present)
12
Update
Update -
- Phase 1 LDD Drilling
Phase 1 LDD Drilling
‹ Commenced end July 2005,
contracted-out to De Wet Drilling using
the ‘Elephant 2’ rig
‹ 13 LDD holes to maximum 400m
completed 10 February 2006.
‹ All holes calipered
‹ Concentrate yield in the south lobe
higher than anticipated
‹ LDD programme completed June 2006
13
Phase 1 LDD Drilling
Phase 1 LDD Drilling
Scope Holes Drilled Metres drilled
LDD 13 3699
14
Update
Update –
– Phase 1 Sample Processing
Phase 1 Sample Processing
‹ On-site DMS 10tph plant
‹ Samples delivered to plant on daily basis
‹ Metallurgical and plant utilisation statistics
collected daily
‹ Constant security monitoring & recording
cameras
‹ % concentrate yields based on current DMS
results
• Up to 15% in south lobe due to dense nature of
kimberlite (one of the highest known kimberlite densities)
• Approx 1% in north lobe
‹ Monthly delivery of concentrate to the Group
Exploration Macrodiamond Laboratory for final
diamond recovery. Shipments escorted by
Debswana security, Botswana Police and De
Beers Security (RSA)
‹ Final sieving, weighing & valuation at Harry
Oppenheimer House in Kimberley. Diamond
layout and return diamonds to Botswana
Diamond Valuing Company, Gaborone
15
Summary of Phase 1 Results
Summary of Phase 1 Results
‹ Drilling from July 2005 to February 2006
‹ Macro-diamond results issued for all 13 LDD holes.
‹ A total of 10,485 diamonds weighing 726 carats, un-
acidised (vs. planned 500 carats) recovered from 2744
tonnes (calculated from callipered volume and
measured rock density) of in situ sample from 13 LDD
holes)
‹ Diamond layout on 7 July 2006
● North/Centre lobes = $170/carat
● South lobe = $125/carat
● $150/carat vs. previous modeled $138/carat
North and Central Lobes are sufficiently similar to
combine them for valuation purposes.
16
Update
Update -
- SHE
SHE
‹ Safety
● Project LTIFR of zero
● 1 non-LTI to date: drill contractor helper fell
from 1m height (without harness)
● Calf from nearby cattle-post trapped in
unbarricaded sump, later died. Owner
compensated amicably.
‹ Environment
● Environmental and Social scan of Orapa
area completed
ƒ Impact of Debot activities to communities
and environment
ƒ Impact of current AK6 activities to
environment and communities
ƒ Impact of potential future AK6 mine to
environment and communities
17
Update
Update –
– Conceptual Engineering Design
Conceptual Engineering Design
‹ A multi-disciplinary team is in the process of providing a framework for a
Conceptual Engineering Study report
‹ Preliminary conceptual mine and plant designs have been drafted
‹ A draft economic model has been compiled and will be populated once the
revenue and grade models are available
‹ The Conceptual Study Report will be available after the completion of
Phase 1 of Advanced Exploration (Q4 2006)
SHALE
SHALE
SHALE
SHALE
18
Plant Designs
‹ Plant Design Studies
‹ Various block flow diagrams are currently
being considered
‹ Conventional block flow diagram -
baseline design
‹ ‘Voorspoed’ type design with High
Pressure Rolls Crusher in a secondary
application
‹ ‘Canadian’type block flow diagram
(Tahera etc)
‹ Application of autogenous Milling
‹ Capital and operating costing in progress
‹ Option for processing at Letlhakane still
to be considered
19
Mine Planning
‹ Mine Planning
‹ Letlhakane Mine slope angles
assumed for conceptual study
‹ Geotechnical & hydro-
geological modeling planned
‹ Conventional shovel truck
method. Diesel powered fleet
‹ The mine will operate 353
days per year under a Contops
environment.
‹ Host rock mined from the
upper benches of the pit will
be used during construction.
20
Mineral Resource Estimation & Classification
‹ Resource classified at a ‘High Inferred' level
‹ Phase 2 ‘pre-qualification’score: ‘High Indicated’
‹ Resource inventory to 400m:
● 11.6M carats
● 48.5M tons
● Average grade: 24cpht (+1.0mm)
‹ Diamond value estimate still a risk
‹ Conceptual Study to follow
21
Phase 2 Bulk Sampling Strategy
‹ Phase 2 LDD drilling completed in
September 2006, with two holes going
down to >700m
‹ Require c.3,000 carats
‹ Bulk sampling options
● Trenching –R5M
● Prospecting shaft > R20M
● Easy Pipe 1.5m D –Euro6M
● Bauer 1.5m D LDD
‹ No difference in diamond value with
depth
‹ Commence trenching in September 06
‹ Priority through GEMDL
‹ DMS plant upgrades +2-14mm
Phase1: 23 inch LDD Completed
Phase 2: 23 inch LDD in Progress
Phase 2: 23 inch LDD Planned
N
LDD 011
LDD 010A
LDD 008
LDD 012
LDD 007
LDD 014
LDD 013
LDD 018
LDD 006 LDD 015
LDD 009 LDD 016
LDD 017
7622000.0Y
7621900.0Y
7621800.0Y
7621700.0Y
341400.0X 341600.0X 341800.0X
341700.0X
AK6 LDD Sampling Progress
Phase2: 23 inch LDD Completed
LDD 019
LDD 020
LDD 021
LDD 022
LDD 023
LDD 024
LDD 025 LDD 026 LDD 027
LDD 028
Phase1: 23 inch LDD Completed
Phase 2: 23 inch LDD in Progress
Phase 2: 23 inch LDD Planned
N
LDD 011
LDD 010A
LDD 008
LDD 012
LDD 007
LDD 014
LDD 013
LDD 018
LDD 006 LDD 015
LDD 009 LDD 016
LDD 017
7622000.0Y
7621900.0Y
7621800.0Y
7621700.0Y
341400.0X 341600.0X 341800.0X
341700.0X
AK6 LDD Sampling Progress
Phase2: 23 inch LDD Completed
Planned Trench
Phase1: 23 inch LDD Completed
Phase 2: 23 inch LDD in Progress
Phase 2: 23 inch LDD Planned
N
LDD 011
LDD 010A
LDD 008
LDD 012
LDD 007
LDD 014
LDD 013
LDD 018
LDD 006 LDD 015
LDD 009 LDD 016
LDD 017
7622000.0Y
7621900.0Y
7621800.0Y
7621700.0Y
341400.0X 341600.0X 341800.0X
341700.0X
AK6 LDD Sampling Progress
Phase2: 23 inch LDD Completed
LDD 019
LDD 020
LDD 021
LDD 022
LDD 023
LDD 024
LDD 025 LDD 026 LDD 027
LDD 028
Phase1: 23 inch LDD Completed
Phase 2: 23 inch LDD in Progress
Phase 2: 23 inch LDD Planned
N
LDD 011
LDD 010A
LDD 008
LDD 012
LDD 007
LDD 014
LDD 013
LDD 018
LDD 006 LDD 015
LDD 009 LDD 016
LDD 017
7622000.0Y
7621900.0Y
7621800.0Y
7621700.0Y
341400.0X 341600.0X 341800.0X
341700.0X
AK6 LDD Sampling Progress
Phase2: 23 inch LDD Completed
Planned Trench
Phase1: 23 inch LDD Completed
Phase 2: 23 inch LDD in Progress
Phase 2: 23 inch LDD Planned
N
LDD 011
LDD 010A
LDD 008
LDD 012
LDD 007
LDD 014
LDD 013
LDD 018
LDD 006 LDD 015
LDD 009 LDD 016
LDD 017
7622000.0Y
7621900.0Y
7621800.0Y
7621700.0Y
341400.0X 341600.0X 341800.0X
341700.0X
AK6 LDD Sampling Progress
Phase2: 23 inch LDD Completed
LDD 019
LDD 020
LDD 021
LDD 022
LDD 023
LDD 024
LDD 025 LDD 026 LDD 027
LDD 028
Phase1: 23 inch LDD Completed
Phase 2: 23 inch LDD in Progress
Phase 2: 23 inch LDD Planned
N
LDD 011
LDD 010A
LDD 008
LDD 012
LDD 007
LDD 014
LDD 013
LDD 018
LDD 006 LDD 015
LDD 009 LDD 016
LDD 017
7622000.0Y
7621900.0Y
7621800.0Y
7621700.0Y
341400.0X 341600.0X 341800.0X
341700.0X
AK6 LDD Sampling Progress
Phase2: 23 inch LDD Completed
Planned Trench
22
Phase 2 Delineation Update
July 2005
August 2006
23
Deposit Bankable Feasibility Study
(Indicated Resource)
AK6 Actual 2005 (USD) Budget 2006+ (USD)
AK06 Phase I 4 389 000
AK06 Phase 2 19 350 000
Programme & Budget
24
The future of AK06
The future of AK06
2006
2020

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The discovery and evaluation of AK6

  • 1. The Discovery and Evaluation of The Discovery and Evaluation of the AK6 Kimberlite in Botswana the AK6 Kimberlite in Botswana Alex van Zyl 8 September 2006
  • 3. 3 Agenda Agenda ‹ AK06 kimberlite discovered by DB in 1969 following geophysical surveys ‹ Considered low interest ● ~3 cpht ● ~3.3 ha ● Moderate chemistry
  • 4. 4
  • 6. 6 Exploration History Exploration History ‹ From 1998 area revisited due to improved exploration technologies ‹ Debot held AK6 under PL13/2000 ‹ The Boteti JV agreement 2004, included 29 kimberlites ‹ Geophysics defines size of AK6 from 3.3ha to c.9.5ha ‹ 2003/4: Bulk sampling with 12” LDD across kimberlite to test for macro-diamonds: modeled global grade 25cpht, modeled value of $138/ct (1mm bottom cut-off). ‹ 2004/5: 6.5-inch Percussion drilling (44 holes, 6376m) to delineate surface outline. ‹ Results have led to current advanced exploration phase of work
  • 7. 7 Boteti Exploration Joint Venture (AK6 Kimberlite) • De Beers Botswana 51% • AFD 49% • De Beers is the Operator - 70% with bankable feasibility study Preliminary results from early stage exploration • Surface Area 9.5 hectares; modeled grade 25 cpht • Tonnage 40Mt (to 400m); total carats 10 Mcts (deposit / low inferred classification) Background Background N
  • 8. 8 ‹ Objective ‹ Evaluate AK06 kimberlite in order to deliver a high confidence “indicated” mineral resource ‹ Contribute towards delivering a bankable pre-feasibility study for AK06 Advanced Exploration Programme Advanced Exploration Programme
  • 9. 9 Scope ‹ Delineation and Pilot Core Drilling ‹ 23-inch (584mm) Large Diameter (LDD) Sampling to 400m ‹ On-site DMS Sample Processing ‹ Diamond Recovery at ● GEMDL ● MiDA in Kimberley ‹ Geological (core & chips) Logging ‹ On-site data management ‹ Geological Modeling and 3D Volume generation ‹ Resource Estimation & Classification Advanced Exploration Programme Advanced Exploration Programme
  • 10. 10 Advanced Exploration Programme Advanced Exploration Programme Phased Approach ‹ Phase 1: 500 carats - 70m grid centre LDD (for inferred resource) ‹ Phase 2: (for indicated resource) ● 500 carats - 50m grid centre LDD ● 3000 carats – Bulk sampling (surface trenching). ‹ Phase 3: 1000 carats - 25m grid centre LDD (not required)
  • 11. 11 Update Update - - Phase 1 Delineation & Pilot Core Drilling Phase 1 Delineation & Pilot Core Drilling ‹ Delineation and Pilot Core Drilling commenced in February 2005 ‹ Recovered core is used for detailed geological logging, petrography for kimberlite classification and modeling, Ore Dressing Studies, microdiamond assessment and for rock density measurements ‹ Delineation and pilot core drilling activities were completed in October 2005. Kimberlite larger at depth. Scope Holes Actual Metres drilled Delineation core 15 6594 Pilot core 13 3278 500m Preliminary geological model (Pyroclastic & Magmatic kimberlite present)
  • 12. 12 Update Update - - Phase 1 LDD Drilling Phase 1 LDD Drilling ‹ Commenced end July 2005, contracted-out to De Wet Drilling using the ‘Elephant 2’ rig ‹ 13 LDD holes to maximum 400m completed 10 February 2006. ‹ All holes calipered ‹ Concentrate yield in the south lobe higher than anticipated ‹ LDD programme completed June 2006
  • 13. 13 Phase 1 LDD Drilling Phase 1 LDD Drilling Scope Holes Drilled Metres drilled LDD 13 3699
  • 14. 14 Update Update – – Phase 1 Sample Processing Phase 1 Sample Processing ‹ On-site DMS 10tph plant ‹ Samples delivered to plant on daily basis ‹ Metallurgical and plant utilisation statistics collected daily ‹ Constant security monitoring & recording cameras ‹ % concentrate yields based on current DMS results • Up to 15% in south lobe due to dense nature of kimberlite (one of the highest known kimberlite densities) • Approx 1% in north lobe ‹ Monthly delivery of concentrate to the Group Exploration Macrodiamond Laboratory for final diamond recovery. Shipments escorted by Debswana security, Botswana Police and De Beers Security (RSA) ‹ Final sieving, weighing & valuation at Harry Oppenheimer House in Kimberley. Diamond layout and return diamonds to Botswana Diamond Valuing Company, Gaborone
  • 15. 15 Summary of Phase 1 Results Summary of Phase 1 Results ‹ Drilling from July 2005 to February 2006 ‹ Macro-diamond results issued for all 13 LDD holes. ‹ A total of 10,485 diamonds weighing 726 carats, un- acidised (vs. planned 500 carats) recovered from 2744 tonnes (calculated from callipered volume and measured rock density) of in situ sample from 13 LDD holes) ‹ Diamond layout on 7 July 2006 ● North/Centre lobes = $170/carat ● South lobe = $125/carat ● $150/carat vs. previous modeled $138/carat North and Central Lobes are sufficiently similar to combine them for valuation purposes.
  • 16. 16 Update Update - - SHE SHE ‹ Safety ● Project LTIFR of zero ● 1 non-LTI to date: drill contractor helper fell from 1m height (without harness) ● Calf from nearby cattle-post trapped in unbarricaded sump, later died. Owner compensated amicably. ‹ Environment ● Environmental and Social scan of Orapa area completed ƒ Impact of Debot activities to communities and environment ƒ Impact of current AK6 activities to environment and communities ƒ Impact of potential future AK6 mine to environment and communities
  • 17. 17 Update Update – – Conceptual Engineering Design Conceptual Engineering Design ‹ A multi-disciplinary team is in the process of providing a framework for a Conceptual Engineering Study report ‹ Preliminary conceptual mine and plant designs have been drafted ‹ A draft economic model has been compiled and will be populated once the revenue and grade models are available ‹ The Conceptual Study Report will be available after the completion of Phase 1 of Advanced Exploration (Q4 2006) SHALE SHALE SHALE SHALE
  • 18. 18 Plant Designs ‹ Plant Design Studies ‹ Various block flow diagrams are currently being considered ‹ Conventional block flow diagram - baseline design ‹ ‘Voorspoed’ type design with High Pressure Rolls Crusher in a secondary application ‹ ‘Canadian’type block flow diagram (Tahera etc) ‹ Application of autogenous Milling ‹ Capital and operating costing in progress ‹ Option for processing at Letlhakane still to be considered
  • 19. 19 Mine Planning ‹ Mine Planning ‹ Letlhakane Mine slope angles assumed for conceptual study ‹ Geotechnical & hydro- geological modeling planned ‹ Conventional shovel truck method. Diesel powered fleet ‹ The mine will operate 353 days per year under a Contops environment. ‹ Host rock mined from the upper benches of the pit will be used during construction.
  • 20. 20 Mineral Resource Estimation & Classification ‹ Resource classified at a ‘High Inferred' level ‹ Phase 2 ‘pre-qualification’score: ‘High Indicated’ ‹ Resource inventory to 400m: ● 11.6M carats ● 48.5M tons ● Average grade: 24cpht (+1.0mm) ‹ Diamond value estimate still a risk ‹ Conceptual Study to follow
  • 21. 21 Phase 2 Bulk Sampling Strategy ‹ Phase 2 LDD drilling completed in September 2006, with two holes going down to >700m ‹ Require c.3,000 carats ‹ Bulk sampling options ● Trenching –R5M ● Prospecting shaft > R20M ● Easy Pipe 1.5m D –Euro6M ● Bauer 1.5m D LDD ‹ No difference in diamond value with depth ‹ Commence trenching in September 06 ‹ Priority through GEMDL ‹ DMS plant upgrades +2-14mm Phase1: 23 inch LDD Completed Phase 2: 23 inch LDD in Progress Phase 2: 23 inch LDD Planned N LDD 011 LDD 010A LDD 008 LDD 012 LDD 007 LDD 014 LDD 013 LDD 018 LDD 006 LDD 015 LDD 009 LDD 016 LDD 017 7622000.0Y 7621900.0Y 7621800.0Y 7621700.0Y 341400.0X 341600.0X 341800.0X 341700.0X AK6 LDD Sampling Progress Phase2: 23 inch LDD Completed LDD 019 LDD 020 LDD 021 LDD 022 LDD 023 LDD 024 LDD 025 LDD 026 LDD 027 LDD 028 Phase1: 23 inch LDD Completed Phase 2: 23 inch LDD in Progress Phase 2: 23 inch LDD Planned N LDD 011 LDD 010A LDD 008 LDD 012 LDD 007 LDD 014 LDD 013 LDD 018 LDD 006 LDD 015 LDD 009 LDD 016 LDD 017 7622000.0Y 7621900.0Y 7621800.0Y 7621700.0Y 341400.0X 341600.0X 341800.0X 341700.0X AK6 LDD Sampling Progress Phase2: 23 inch LDD Completed Planned Trench Phase1: 23 inch LDD Completed Phase 2: 23 inch LDD in Progress Phase 2: 23 inch LDD Planned N LDD 011 LDD 010A LDD 008 LDD 012 LDD 007 LDD 014 LDD 013 LDD 018 LDD 006 LDD 015 LDD 009 LDD 016 LDD 017 7622000.0Y 7621900.0Y 7621800.0Y 7621700.0Y 341400.0X 341600.0X 341800.0X 341700.0X AK6 LDD Sampling Progress Phase2: 23 inch LDD Completed LDD 019 LDD 020 LDD 021 LDD 022 LDD 023 LDD 024 LDD 025 LDD 026 LDD 027 LDD 028 Phase1: 23 inch LDD Completed Phase 2: 23 inch LDD in Progress Phase 2: 23 inch LDD Planned N LDD 011 LDD 010A LDD 008 LDD 012 LDD 007 LDD 014 LDD 013 LDD 018 LDD 006 LDD 015 LDD 009 LDD 016 LDD 017 7622000.0Y 7621900.0Y 7621800.0Y 7621700.0Y 341400.0X 341600.0X 341800.0X 341700.0X AK6 LDD Sampling Progress Phase2: 23 inch LDD Completed Planned Trench Phase1: 23 inch LDD Completed Phase 2: 23 inch LDD in Progress Phase 2: 23 inch LDD Planned N LDD 011 LDD 010A LDD 008 LDD 012 LDD 007 LDD 014 LDD 013 LDD 018 LDD 006 LDD 015 LDD 009 LDD 016 LDD 017 7622000.0Y 7621900.0Y 7621800.0Y 7621700.0Y 341400.0X 341600.0X 341800.0X 341700.0X AK6 LDD Sampling Progress Phase2: 23 inch LDD Completed LDD 019 LDD 020 LDD 021 LDD 022 LDD 023 LDD 024 LDD 025 LDD 026 LDD 027 LDD 028 Phase1: 23 inch LDD Completed Phase 2: 23 inch LDD in Progress Phase 2: 23 inch LDD Planned N LDD 011 LDD 010A LDD 008 LDD 012 LDD 007 LDD 014 LDD 013 LDD 018 LDD 006 LDD 015 LDD 009 LDD 016 LDD 017 7622000.0Y 7621900.0Y 7621800.0Y 7621700.0Y 341400.0X 341600.0X 341800.0X 341700.0X AK6 LDD Sampling Progress Phase2: 23 inch LDD Completed Planned Trench
  • 22. 22 Phase 2 Delineation Update July 2005 August 2006
  • 23. 23 Deposit Bankable Feasibility Study (Indicated Resource) AK6 Actual 2005 (USD) Budget 2006+ (USD) AK06 Phase I 4 389 000 AK06 Phase 2 19 350 000 Programme & Budget
  • 24. 24 The future of AK06 The future of AK06 2006 2020