Biology 9 th ch-8-mcq

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Prepared by; Miss Anzal Faiqa Yousuf (M.Sc. Botany I.U. B)
House #10/C officers Colony Bahawalnagar (Contact # 03338810387)
BIOLOGY 9Th
Unit -08 NUTRITION
1: What are the primary nutrientsthat provide quick useable energytobody?
{A}Carbohydrates {b} Proteins {c} Lipids {D} Nucleic acid
2:The wave like movementof muscle that pushesfood through the digestive systemiscalled?
{A}Churning {b} Emulsification {c}Absorption {D} Peristalsis
3:Where are the villi found?
{A}Esophagus {b} Stomach {c} Small intestine {D} Large intestine
4:Ulcers occur in
{A}Stomach {b} Duodenum {c} Esophagus {D} All of these
5:Which group of enzymesbreaks up starches and carbohydrates?
{A}Proteases {b} Lipases {c} Amylases {D} All of these
6: Pancreas producesdigestive enzymesandreleasestheminto
{A}colon {b} Gallbladder {c} Liver {D} Duodenum
7:In stomach pepsinogenis convertedinto;
{A} Pepsin {b} Bicarbonate {c} HCL {D} Gastrin
8:Hepatic portal veincarries bloodfrom ____to_____.
{A}Small intestine,liver {b} Small intestine,heart
{c} Liver,Heart {D} Small intestine,colon
9:Which ofthe followingisnot a functionof liver?
{A} Converts glucose to glycogen {b} Converts glycogen to glucose
{c} Manufacture fibrinogen {D} produces digestives enzymes
10:The diseasesofKwashiorkor and marasmus may be due to:
{A}Mineral deficiency {b} Over intake of nutrients
{c} Protein energy malnutrition {D} Ulcer
11:Which food group is our body’sbest source ofenergy?
{A}Meatgroup {b} Fats oilsandsweets
{c} Bread and cereals {D} Milkand cheese
12: The process ofbreaking down large dropletsof fat into small dropletsis called:
{A} Emulsification {b} Absorption {c} Peristalsis {D} Digestion
13:which mineral elementregulatesthe openingand closingof the stoma reduceswater lossfrom
the leaves.
{A}Nitrogen {b} Potassium {c} Calcium {D} Sulphur
14:Which is involvedinthe osmosisof water in plants?
{A} Zinc {b} Sulphur {c}Chlorine {D} Magnesium
CH-(08)MCQ’S FROM EXERCISE

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BIOLOGY 9Th
15:Magnesium deficiencycause:
{A} reduce yields {b} fallingof leaves {c}stuntgrowth {D} All ofthese
16:Which of the followingisnot a fertilizer?
{A} rock phosphate {b} gypsum
{c} molybdenumphosphate {D}elemental Sulphur
17:___ require lesswater to digest:
{A} Carbohydrates {b} lipids {c} Protein {D} vitamins
18:Micronutrients which are essential forplants growth their numbersare
{A} 9 {b} 10 {c} 19 {D} 4
19:__ is necessaryfor cellularrespirationin plants:
{A} Calcium {b}carbondioxide {c} oxygen {D} Sulphur
20: Eating food and getting energyit is called:
{A}Nutrition {b} feeding {c} autotrophy {D}heterotrophy
21:Essential for water osmosisis;
{A} Phosphorus {b}Sulphar {c} chlorine {D}fluorine
22:Mineral nutrient,absorbed by plant from;
{A} Air {b} Water {c} Soil {D} Rain
23:which ispresentin chlorophyll molecule?
{A}Sulphur {b}Nickel {c} copper {D}magnesium
24:Which one is not an inorganic fertilizer?
{A}rockphosphate {b}elementalphosphate
{c} gypsum {D}natural urea
25:Building componentof our body are:
{A}Proteinsand lipids {b}lipids
{c}watersoluble vitamins {D} carbohydrates
26: proteinscan also be converted into
{A} lipids {b} carbohydrates {c} vitamins {D} water
27: one gram of proteincontain____ kilocaloriesofenergy
{A}09 kilocalories {b} 5 kilocalories
{c}8 kilocalories {D}4 kilocalories
28: which mineral aids insulinactins?
{A} calcium {b} iron {c} fluoride {D} zinc
29:Lack of rhodopsincauses;
{A}difficultyto see indim light {b} immune systemdisorder
{c} permanentblindness {D} temporaryblindness
30: good source of vitaminC is:
{A} Meat {b} Citrus fruits {c} vegetables {D} beans

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BIOLOGY 9Th
31: conversionof absorbed foodcomponentto complexbody componentis called;
{A} assimilation {b} defecation {c} absorption {D} ingestion
32: intake of foodis;
{A} absorption {b} digestion {c} ingestion {D} defecation
33: Rickets is causedby the deficiencyof:
{A} VitaminB {b} VitaminC {c} VitaminD {D} VitaminA
34: Whichof the followingisa fat soluble vitamin?
{A} VitaminB {b} VitaminC {c} VitaminD {D} VitaminA
35: Of which deficiencycause anemia?
{A} phosphorus {b} chlorine {c} sodium {D} iron
36: Unsaturated fatty acid found in sunfloweroil is:
{A} 72% {b} 70% {c} 75% {D} 30%
37: Whichis important for the growth of bonesand teeth?
{A} Copper {b} Calcium {c} Sulphur {D} Nitrogen
38: Vitamin A was first identifiedin:
{A} 1920 {b} 1914 {c} 1913 {D} 1900
38: Vitamin A was first identifiedin:
{A} 1920 {b} 1914 {c} 1913 {D} 1900
39: Alimentarycanal endsat;
{A} Mouth {b} Anus {c} Small intestine {D} Large intestine
40: Mastication is a type of:
{A} Chemical digestion {b} Simple digestion{c}Mechanical digestion {D} Churning
41: Glandspresentin oral cavity are:
{A} Liver {b} Pancreas {c} bile {D} Salivary glands
42: Grindingof foodby teethiscalled:
{A} Mastication {b} Swallowing {c} lubrication {D} assimilation
42: Grindingof foodby teethiscalled:
{A} Mastication {b} Swallowing {c} lubrication {D} assimilation
43: Process of swallowingis
{A} Voluntary {b} automatic {c} lubrication {D} assimilation
44: Hole of trachea is called:
{A} epiglottis {b} pharynx {c} glottis {D} Larynx
45: Top ofthe trachea iscalled:
{A} larynx {b} windpipe {c} epiglottis {D} cartilage
46: Digestionof the protein starts in;
{A} mouth {b} small intestine {c} duodenum {D} stomach

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BIOLOGY 9Th
47: An active childof 2-3 years requires.
{A} 1000 kilocalories {b} 1600 kilocalories
{c} 1200 kilocalories {D} 1000-1400 kilocalories
48: one cubic millimeterbloodcontainplatelets
{A} 250,000 {b} 240,000 {c} 230,000 {D} 220,000
49: one gram of lipidscontains energy.
{A} 9 kilocalories {b} 4 kilocalories {c} 10 kilocalories {D} 11 kilocalories
50: The example ofmicronutrientsis;
{A} Iron {b} Sulphur {c} Calcium {D} Phosphorous
51: Deficiencyofwhich elementscause yellowing ofleavesinplants
{A} Mg {b} cu {c} cl {D} Zn
Q 1: What are the healthrisks if we take more saturated fatty acids inout diet?
Ans: Saturatedfattyacidscan increase a person’scholesterol level.Anincreasedincholesterollevel
may eventuallyresultincloggingof arteriesandultimatelyheartdisease.
Q 2: How can the deficiencyofvitaminA cause blindness?
Ans: Vitaminacombineswithaproteincalledopsintoform rhodopsinmakesitdifficulttosee in
dimlight.
Q 3: How will you differentiate betweenbolusandchyme?
Ans:Bolus:Duringthe processesof chewing,lubricationandsemi-digestion,the piecesof foodare
rolledupbytongue intosmall,slippery,spherical masscalledbolus.
Chyme:The starch inour bite of breadand the proteininmuttonhave beenpartiallydigestedand
the foodhas beenconvertedtoa soap-likemixture calledchyme.
Q 4: Whichsphinctersplay role in the movementof foodin and out of stomach?
Ans:Cardiacsphincterplaysrole inthe movementof foodinthe stomach.Pyloricsphincterplaysrole
inthe movementof foodoutof the stomach.
Q 5: stomach isan organ of the digestive system,butit also secretesa hormone.Whathormone is
it and what functionit performs?
Ans: Stomachwallsrelease ahormone calledGastrin.Thishormone entersbloodand isdistributed
to all parts of body.In stomach,it hasspecificeffectandstimulatesthe gastricglandstosecrete
more gastric juice.
Q 6: Differentiate betweenmicronutrientsandmacronutrients?
Ans: Micronutrients:The nutrientswhichare requiredinsmall quantitiesare micronutrients.
Example;Iron,molybdenum,boron,chlorine,zincetc.
Macronutrients:The nutrientswhichare requiredinlarge quantitiesare calledmacronutrients.
Example;Carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,magnesium, potassiumetc.
CH-(08) SHORT QUESTIONS

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BIOLOGY 9Th
Q 7: Differentiate betweennutritionandnutrients?
Ans: Nutritionis the processinwhichfoodisobtainedorpreparedabsorbedandconvertedinto
bodysubstancesforthe growthand energyiscallednutrition.
Nutrients:These are the elementsandcompoundsthatanorganismobtainwatercarbon dioxide
and mineral fromthe environmentandprepare theirfoodwhichisthenusedforgrowthandenergy.
Q 8: What is the role of iron inhuman body?
Ans: Ironis a trace mineral.Ironplaysamajor role inoxygentransportandstorage.It isa
componentof haemoglobininredbloodcells.Itisacomponentof myoglobininmuscle cells.Ironis
usedas an enzyme cofactorincellularrespiration.Ironsupportsimmune function.
Q 9: What are soluble dietaryfibresalso write itssources.
Ans: Dietwhichprovide usfibres.Solubledietaryfibresbeaksdownasitpass throughthe
alimentarycanal.Sources; Oats,beans,barley,manyfruitsandvegetablesare theirsources.
Q 10: Give significance ofdietaryfibres?
Ans:Dietaryfibresplayimportantrole inourlife.
 Fibrespreventand relieve constipationbystimulatingthe contractionof intestinal muscles;
avoidingconstipationreducesthe riskof muchotherdisease.
 Soluble fibreshelp inloweringbloodcholesterol.
 Insoluble fibresspeedupthe movementsof carcinogens.
Q 11:What are lipidsand give important sourcesof lipids.
Ans: Lipidsare composedof fattyacidsbondedto glycerol.
There are twotypesof fatty acidsof lipids
1:- Saturatedfatty acids 2:- Unsaturatedfattyacids
Sources: Milk,butter,cheese,eggs,mutton, fish,mustard,coconutanddryfruitsare important
source of lipids.
Q 12: Write downthe role ofcalcium and fluoride inhuman body?
Ans: Calcium:
 Calciumisessential forthe developmentandmaintenanceof bonesandteeth.
 Calciumisneededformaintainingcell membrane andconnective tissues.
 It isusedfor activationof several enzymes.
 It alsoaidsin bloodclotting.
Fluoride:Itstabilizesbone mineral and hardness toothenamel.
Q 13: Define Eutrophication.
Ans: Highsolubilityof fertilizers degrades ecosystemsthroughincrease inchemical nutrientsinan
ecosystem.Thisiscalledeutrophication.

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BIOLOGY 9Th
Q 14: Discussrole of macro nutrients inplant life.
Q 15: Differentiate betweensaturatedand unsaturated fatty acids?
Ans: Saturated fatty acids: these have all of theircarbonatoms bondedtohydrogenatoms. Example
buttercontainabout70% saturatedfattyacids and30% unsaturatedfattyacids.Soit issolidat room
temperature.
Unsaturated fatty acids: Structurallytheyhave some of their carbonatomsdouble boundedinplace
of hydrogenatom.Example sunfloweroil contains about75% unsaturatedfattyacidssoit isliquidat
room temperature.
Q 16: Whatare vitaminsdiscussthe role ofvitamin A.
Ans: Vitaminsare chemical compoundsthatare requiredinlow amountbutare essential fornormal
growthand metabolism.
VitaminA: It isthe firstfat soluble vitaminidentifiedin1913. VitaminA combineswithaprotein
calledopsintoformrhodopsininthe rod cellsof the retinaof eye.
VitaminA supportsbone growthandimmune function.
Q 17: Describe the function ofvitamin D.
Ans: The bestknownfunctionof vitaminDisto helpregulate bloodlevelsof calciumand
phosphorous. Ithelpinabsorptionof minerals.
Q 18 Discussthe deficiencysymptomsofvitamin D?
Ans: Ricketsinchildren:Longtermdeficiencyof vitaminD affectsthe bones.InchildrenvitaminD
deficiencyleadstoaconditioninwhichbonesweakenandbow underpressure.
Osteomalaciainadults:InadultsVitaminD deficiencycausesosteomalaciaorsoftbones. Itincreases
the riskfor fractures inbones.

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BIOLOGY 9Th
Q 19: Define balanceddiet?
Ans: Dietwhichcontainall the essential nutrientsinthe correctproportionforthe normal growth
and developmentof the body.
Q 20: Define malnutrition?
Ans: Problemrelatedtonutrition isgroupedasmalnutrition.Itisconditioncausedbyanimproper
or insufficientdiet. Three commonformof malnutritionare
Proteinenergymalnutrition
Mineral deficiencydisease
Overintake of nutrients
Q 21: Whatis Goiter?
Ans; Goiteriscausedby an insufficientamountof iodine inthe diet.If sufficientiodineisnot
available inapersondietthyroidglandbecomesenlargedanditresultsinswellinginthe neckand
the conditionisknownasgoiter.
Q 22: Whatis anemia?
Ans: Anemiaismostcommoninall of mineral deficiencydisease.The termanemialiterallymeans
lack of blood.Thisconditionisbecause of the deficiencyof iron.Personsufferingfromanemia
becomesweakandthere isshortage of oxygensupplyto body’s cells.
Q 23: Define constipation?
Ans: Malnutritionoftenleadstosituationwhere people cannotschedule theirmeals.This
irregularityresultsinanumberof healthproblemsincludingconstipation.Constipationisaconditionin
whichyouhavefewerthanthreebowelmovementsinaweek,andyourstoolsarehard,dry,andsmall,
makingthempainfulanddifficulttopass.
Q 24:Write downthefunctionofpepsininstomach.
Ans:Pepsinpartiallydigeststheproteinofthefoodintopolypeptidesshorterpeptidechains.
Q 25:Differentiatebetweenbolusandchyme?
Ans:Bolus:Partiallydigestedfoodrolledupbythetongueintosmallslipperysphericalmasscalledbolus.
Chyme:Partiallydigestedsouplikemixturewhichentersfromstomachtoduodenumiscalledchyme.
Q 26:Describemaincausesofconstipation.
Ans:Constipation canbe due to a dietthatdoesn'tinclude enoughwaterandfiber, both of which
helpthe bowels move astheyshould.
Not enoughexercise,Stress. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).Ignoringthe natural urge. Some
medicines are the majorcausesof constipation.
Q 27: What isgallbladder?
Ans: Gallbladderisa pear-shapedgreenishyellowsac,liesalongthe rightlobe of liveronventral side.

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BIOLOGY 9Th
Q 28: What are villi?
Ans: Villi are the circular folds in the inner wall of the ileum. These folds have numerous finger-like
projections called villi. These villi increase the surface area of the inner walls and to help a lot in the
absorption of digested food.
Q 29:Write down the function of liver other than help in digestion.
Ans: Besidesdigestionliveralso carries out a number of other functions. Some of which are as follows:
1: It removes amino groups from amino acids i.e. de-amination.
2: Form red blood cells in foetus.
3: Manufactures blood clotting proteins called fibrinogen.
4: Synthesize non-essential amino acids.
Q 30:What is appendix?
Ans: From the blind end of caecrm there arises a non-functional finger-like process called appendix.
Inflammation of the appendix due to infection causes severe pain. The infected appendix must be
removed surgically otherwise it may burst and the inflammation may spread in abbodem.
Q 31: What is peristalsis?
Ans: Peristalsisisthe rhythmicsequence of waves of contraction and relaxation in the smooth muscles
of alimentary canal, walls.
Q 32:What is bolus?
Ans: Afterthe processof chewing,lubricationand partial digestion of food are rolled up by the tongue
into small, slippery , spherical mass calld bolus.
Q 33: What is meant by gastric juice?
Ans: Gastric juice is secreted by gastric glands of the stomach. It has water, mucous, hydrochloric acid,
and protein digesting enzyme, pepsin.

Biology 9 th ch-8-mcq

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