Over 9 million new cases and 2 million deaths occur from tuberculosis worldwide each year. The bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes the disease, infecting the lungs through inhalation of airborne bacteria. Symptoms include cough, fever, weight loss, and night sweats. Tuberculosis is diagnosed through skin tests, chest x-rays, and sputum analysis. Treatment involves several antibiotics like isoniazid and rifampin over a long period of time. Prevention strategies include the BCG vaccine and the Stop TB Partnership launched by the WHO.

1. Tuberculosis
Prepared By : Darya younis mardan
Under supervisor : Dr . Kamal

2. Incidence and Prevalence
 Over 9 million new cases and 2 million deaths per year



worldwide
1/3rd of the world’s population is infected with M.
tuberculosis
Tuberculosis remains one of the top three killers
In the U.S.- estimated that 10-15 million people are
infected
– Less than 15,000 cases in US per year

3. tu

4. Causes
 Mycobacterium tuberculosis


– Highly aerobic
– Infects lungs
– Divides every 15-20 hours
– Unable to be digested by microphages
– Very resistant to many disinfectants, acid, alkali, drying, etc.
Contagious, spread through air by inhalation of airborne
bacteria from infected
Easier to contract with weak immune system

5. Symptoms
 Cough (with bloody
sputum), loss of appetite,
fever, loss of
energy/weight, night
sweats, SOB
 Could spread to other parts
of the body causing other
symptoms

6. Diagnosed
 Skin test
 Chest X-rays
 Analysis of sputum

7. Treatment/Prevention
 Positive Skin Test, Negative X-Ray:
– Antibiotic:
 Isoniazid
 Positive Skin Test, Positive X-Ray:
– Antibiotics
 Isoniazid, Rifampin, Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide
 Prevention: BCG Vaccine

8. Before and After

9. Stop TB Partnership
 Launched by WHO (World Health Org.) in 1998
 Its aim is to realize the goal of eliminating TB as
a public health problem and, ultimately, to
obtain a world free of TB comprised of many
organizations and international countries

10. References
http://www.medicinenet.com/tuberculosis
http://www.stoptb.org
http://www.who.int/tb
http://www.microbiologybytes.com/video/Mtuberculosis.
http://www.cdc.gov/TB/topic/basics/default.htm

11. Questions