2. USEFUL LANGUAGE
Some people really love shopping, while others can’t stand it. But it is a
necessary activity that we need to do regularly. That’s why it’s a great way
to have a conversation in English about shopping. In this lesson, you will
learn how to talk about shopping in English, understand the different kinds
of shopping nowadays we use and then learn and practice speaking with
lots of useful words and phrases that are introduced for you to speak in a
natural English. (Vài người trong số chúng ta mê mua sắm trong khi lại có
vài người ghét thực hiện việc này. Nhưng đây vẫn là hoạt động cần thiết
diễn ra thường xuyên. Trong bài học này, bạn sẽ học cách làm sao để nói về
chủ đề mua sắm bằng tiếng Anh, hiểu các hình thức mua sắm khác nhau
mà chúng ta sử dung ở hiện tại và sau đó luyện nói với các từ vựng và các
cụm từ được giới thiệu để tiếng Anh của bạn trở nên tự nhiên hơn.)
3. USEFUL LANGUAGE
1. STORE/SHOP
In the UK and Australia, we use the word shop to talk about a place where
we can buy goods. In America and Canada, they use the word store. But
they are the same thing. Here are some common shops/ stores you might find
almost everywhere around your neighborhood. (Ở Anh và Úc, chúng ta sử
dụng từ ‘shop’ để chỉ những nơi mua sắm hang hoá. Ở Mỹ và Canada, chúng
ta sử dung từ ‘store’. Dưới đây là một số cửa hang bạn có thể tìm thấy ở hầu
hết khu vực xunh quanh nơi bạn sống)
corner shop local market convenience store
4. USEFUL LANGUAGE
butcher off-license (Br.E) /
liquor store (Am.E)
pharmacy (Br.E) /
drugstore (Am.E)
clothes shop/store department store
PRACTICE: Which of the
shops do you usually
visit? What kinds of goods
from these shops do you
think that you can buy
online?
5. USEFUL LANGUAGE
kinh doanh trọng điểm của một thị trấn, thành phố, ngôi làng, đặc biệt là ở
Anh)
Ex. When did you last buy something from high-street shops?(Lần cuối
bạn mua sắm ở cửa hàng mặt đường là khi nào?)
PRACTICE: Many high street shops have gone out of business in recent
years. Why do you think this has happened? Is it a positive or negative
development?
3. HIGH-STREET SHOP
High-street shops are ones that are located on
a street where the most important shops and
business in a city, a town or a village are, e,
especially in the United Kingdom. (là những cửa
tiệm nằm ở con phố nơi diễn ra những hoạt động
6. USEFUL LANGUAGE
4. DELIVERY (SERVICE)
When you deal with something or someone that needs attention, you give them
your attention, and often solve a problem or make a decision concerning them.
(là tình huống khi ai đó cần sự chú ý và bạn tập trung vào họ, thuường là giúp
giải quyết vấn đề hoặc đưa ra quyết định liên quen đến người đó)
Ex. Could you deal with this customer, please? (Anh có thể tập trung xử lý
khách hàng này được không?)
Ex. We make sure that any complaints are dealt with quickly and fairly. (Chúng
tôi đảm bảo mọi lời phàn nàn đều được xử lý nhanh gọn thoả đáng)
Ex. We need to take care when dealing with financial matters. (Chúng ta nên
cẩn thận khi xử lý các vấn đề liên quan đến tài chính)
Ex. How are you going to deal with the situation? (Bạn tính xử lý vấn đề này
như thế nào?)
PRACTICE: What kind of matters do you have to deal with at work?
7. USEFUL LANGUAGE
5. RETIRE - RETIREMENT
Retirement refers to the period in someone’s
life after they have stopped working because of
having reached a particular age. (là quãng thời gian
trong cuộc sống của một người sau khi họ đã ngừng
làm việc vì có tuổi)
Ex. My father, 65 years old, retires from his firm this year. (Bố tôi, 65 tuổi, sẽ
nghỉ hưu vào năm nay)
More people are taking early retirement. (Càng ngàng càng có nhiều người
nghỉ hưu non)
Ex. The workers in Paris oppose raising the retirement age because of safety
concerns. (Người làm công ở Paris phản đối chính sách tăng tuổi nghỉ hưu vì
những quan ngại về sự an toàn)
PRACTICE: In the UK, the standard age for retirement is around 65. What
about where you’re from? What do people usually after they retire?
8. USEFUL LANGUAGE
6. PENSION
Pension is a sum of money paid regularly by the government or the a private
company to a person who has retired. (là khoản tiền được trả định kỳ bởi
chính phủ hoặc công ty cho một người sau khi nghỉ hưu)
Ex. He won't be able to draw (= receive) his pension until he's 65. (Ông ta
không thể rút tiền lương hưu cho đến khi 65 tuổi)
Ex. His pension and the money from the government means he has a
comfortable retirement. (Tiền lương hưu và số tiền trả từ chính phủ cho ông
ta một cuộc sống nghỉ hưu thoải mái)
9. USEFUL LANGUAGE
7. DEMANDING
If something is demanding, it needs a lot of time, attention or energy. (Nếu
việc gì đó được mô tả là ‘demanding’ nó đòi hỏi ở bạn thời gian, sự tập trung
và công sức)
Ex. The project I am taking on right now is very demanding. (Dự án tôi phụ
trách rất cấp bách)
Ex. I’m trying to learn English, and I find it very demanding. (Tôi đang học
tiếng Anh, và tôi thấy nó đòi hỏi nhiều thứ)
Ex. She’s a very demanding manager. (Cô ta là một quản lý hay đòi hỏi)
PRACTICE: Complete the sentence ‘I find ……. very demanding.’
Is your job demanding? Why or why not?
10. GETTING STARTED
Before listening to the recordings, answer the following questions about
career by using the given language. (Trước khi nghe đoạn băng, hãy trả lời
các câu hỏi sau đây vận dụng từ vựng hoặc cấu trúc câu cho sẵn)
1. What job do you do?
- I work for ……. [company]. / I work in the ……… [department] of …. [company]. /
I work in the ……. industry.
2. What did you do before that?
- Before working in my company now, I ………..
3. How do you find it?
- I find my job (quite/rather/pretty) ….. [adjective] and ……. [adjective]
4. What would you like to do in the future?
- I would like to …….. in the future. / My plan is to ………….
11. RECORDING 1
In this recording, Hazel talks about her job. Answer the questions to test
your general understanding. (Trong bài nghe này, Hazel kể về công việc của
cô ấy. Trả lời các câu hỏi dưới đây để kiểm tra khả năng nghe hiểu của bạn)
1. Hazel works for…
a. a bank
b. a supermarket
2. She works in…
a. the finance department
b. the sales department
3. She has worked there for…
a. three years
b. four years
4. Her days are…
a. quite long
b. quite short
5. She looks after a team of…
a. six people
b. three people
6. She finds a job…
a. demanding
b. relaxing
12. RECORDING 1
Listen again carefully to Hazel. She talks about the past, present and future.
Fill in the gaps using the correct word from the box. (Nghe kỹ lại bài nói của
Hazel. Cô ấy đang nói về sự kiện trong quá khứ, hiện tại và tương lai. Điền
từ trong khung dưới đây vào chỗ trống)
1. So I’ve……… there for four years.
2. I ……… to work there, because I……… to work and finance.
3. There’s quite a lot of stuff that I have to kind of……… them with.
4. Hi, quite……… it and it’s busy all the time, so that’s good.
5. So, at some point in the future, I……… like to have children.
6. I think I will……… to do my job.
help like continue wanted would decided worked
13. LANGUAGE NOTE
WORK FOR & WORK IN
• Hazel works for a supermarket – this means she is employed by the
company (Hazel làm việc cho siêu thị – nghĩa là cô ấy được thuê vào làm
việc bởi công ty)
• Hazel works in the finance department – this means this is the location
where she works. (Hazel làm việc ở phòng tài chính – nghĩa là đây là địa
điểm cô ấy làm việc
• Hazel works in finance – this means her job is related to this industry.
(Hazel làm trong ngành tài chính – nghĩa là công việc của cô ấy liên quan
đến ngành này)
PRACTICE: Answering the following questions using ’work for’ and work in.
1. What company do you work for?
2. Which department do you work in?
3. Which industry do you work in?
14. RECORDING 1 - RECORDING
Read Hazel’s script and talk about your job based on hers. (Đọc bài nói của
Hazel và kể về công việc của bạn dựa vào bài nói của cô ấy)
Hazel: ‘I work for a supermarket, and I work in the finance department. So, I’ve
worked there for four years. I’ve decided to work there because I wanted to
work in the finance. I work quite a lot of hours. The days are quite long. I’ve got
a team of six people that I look after, so there’s quite a lot of stuff that I have to
kind of help them with. So it is quite demanding, but it’s - I quite like it and it’s
busy all the time, so that’s good. At some point in the future, I would like to have
children, and I think I will continue to do my job, although I might not to it as
much as I do at the moment.’
You: ’I work for ………, and I work in the …….. department. I’ve worked there
for ……….. years. My days are quite…………. I look after / deal with / take care
of……………. I find my job rather ………………… In the future, I would like to
………….., and I think ……………..’
15. RECORDING 2
Now listen to Patrick, talking about history of a job working with customers.
Which of these statements best describes how Patrick feels? (Hãy nghe đoạn
băng. Patrick kể về trải nghiệm từng làm việc với khách hang. Phát biểu nào
dưới đây mô tả chính xác nhận cảm nhận của anh ấy)
☐ Working with customers was always very pleasant.
☐ Working with customers was sometimes pleasant and sometimes stressful.
☐ Working with customers was always very stressful.
Useful adjectives : DESCRIBING JOBS
Positive Negative
demanding
challenging
busy
pleasant
difficult
dull (tẻ nhạt)
slow
stressful
Ex. I find my job rather dull.
Ex. It’s very challenging for me
and my team to complete the
project by the end of the year.
PRACTICE: How do you find your
job?
16. RECORDING 2
Listen again to both Hazel and Patrick. They use positive and negative
adjectives to describe their jobs. Complete the table with a tick to show who
uses each adjective. (Nghe lại bài nói của cả Hazel và Patrick. Trong bài nói 2
người đã sử dụng những tính từ tích cực và tiêu cực để mô tả công việc của
họ. Hoàn thành bảng sau bằng cách đánh dấu tick để chi ra tính từ họ đã sử
dụng)
demanding pleasant busy stressful challenging
Hazel
Patrick
17. RECORDING 2
Listen again carefully to Patrick. He talks about how he dealt with customers.
Fill in the gaps using the correct phrase or word from the box. (Nghe lại bài
nói của Patrick. Anh ấy mô tả về việc tập trung xử lý vấn đề cho khách hàng.
Điền vào chỗ trống sử dụng đúng từ được cho trong khung)
1. I had to deal with customers ………… (1) on a daily basis.
2. Dealing with customers could be quite………… (2)
3. A lot of my job as a manager it was to………… (3) their complaints.
4. I didn’t have the pleasure of dealing with the people who were…………(4)
all the time.
5. … but just the people who………… (5) to speak with the manager.
6. So that they could………… (6) about whatever issue was troubling them.
happy complain face-to-face deal with
stressful requested
18. RECORDING 2 - SCRIPT
Read Patrick’s script talking about his work experience in the past. Then talk
about the difficulties you have experienced with the previous job. (Đọc phần
nói của Patrick kể về trải nghiệm công việc trong quá khứ. )
Patrick: ‘I used to be the manager of a youth hostel, which is a backpackers
hostle. It was quite a challenging job, and in that I had to deal with customers,
face-to-face on a daily basis, which sometimes is very pleasant, and
sometimes is very stressful. Dealing with customers could be quite stressful
because a lot of my job as a manager was to deal with their complaints. So I
didn’t have the pleasure of dealing with people who were happy all the time,
but just the people who requested to speak with the manager, so that they
could complain about whatever issue was troubling them.’
You: ‘I used to be …………… [job title] of a …………… [company]. It was quite a
…………….. [adj.] job, and in that I had to deal with ……………… [job tasks],
which is ………….. [adj.] because ……………… [reasons].’
19. RECORDING 3
Mary works for a University. And this recording, Mary talks about retirement.
Listen to the recording. Are the statements true or false? Put a tick to show
the correct answer. (Mary đang làm việc ở trường đại học. Trong bài nói này,
Mary kể về việc nghỉ hưu. Nghe đoạn băng. Các câu phát biểu sau đúng
hay sai? Đánh dấu tick vào cột có câu trả lời phù hợp)
Statements True False
1. Mary could stop working soon.
2. She’s not entitled to a pension.
3. Universities are hiring more staff.
4. Mary likes the idea of retirement.
20. RECORDING 3 - SCRIPT
Listen to Mary and read her script. Match the phrases on the left to their similar
meaning on the right. (Nghe và đọc bài nói của Mary. Nối từ với nghĩa tương đương)
Mary: ‘I’m not far off retirement now. In fact, I could take a pension now – I am
entitled to one. There may not even be any work come September, because
universities are cutting down on the staff, so it might be a forced retirement! But I
don’t mind really because I think it will be nice just to have a less hurried life and to
do a few a little bit more of the things you want rather than the things you feel you
have to do.’
1. not far off
2. retirement
3. pension
4. entitled
5. cutting down on
6. hurried
7. do things you want
8. forced
a) allowed
b) reducing the number of
c) fast and busy
d) Activities you enjoy
e) money you receive after you stop working
f) An action done because someone else has
made you do it
g) close to
h) the time when you stop working
21. RECORDING 3
Listen again carefully to Mary. Choose the correct word to complete each
phrase that Mary uses. (Nghe lại bài nói của Mary. Chọn từ mà Mary đã dùng
để hoàn thành câu nói của cô ấy)
1. I’m not far off [retirement / pension / university] now.
2. I could take a [retirement / pension / holiday] now. I’m entitled to one.
3. There may not even be any [food / money / work] come September.
4. Universities are cutting down on the [staff / workers / employees].
5. It [will / could / might] be a forced retirement!
6. … but I don’t [mind / care / know] really.
7. It’ll be nice just to have a less hurried [job / day / life].
8. … a little bit more of the things you [want / need / like].
22. LANGUAGE NOTE
MIND [verb]
Mary says that she doesn’t mind if she has to retire. If you don’t mind
something you don’t feel annoyed or angry about it. You feel relaxed about it.
(Nếu bạn không ‘mind’ một việc gì đó có nghĩa là bạn không cảm thấy khó
chịu hay bực mình về điều đó. Bạn thấy thoải mái nếu điều đó diễn ra)
Ex. It was a very demanding task, but she didn’t mind. (Đó là công việc cấp
bách, nhưng cô ta không ngại)
Ex. I don’t mind the hot weather at all. (Tôi không ngại thời tiết nóng chút
nào)
Ex. Do you mind booking me a table for two? (Bạn có phiền đặt tôi 1 bàn 2
người không?)
Ex. Would you mind if I turn on the music? (Bạn có phiền nếu tôi bật nhạc
không?)
23. HOMEWORK
Complete the following speaking tasks:
• Talk about where you work and what you do at your company.
• Talk about your previous jobs.
• How you feel about your jobs.
• Talk about what you do in the future with your career.
