This document discusses electrical circuit concepts including Ohm's law, which relates voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit. It also describes nodes, branches, and loops that make up a circuit diagram and Kirchhoff's laws, specifically that the algebraic sum of currents at a node is zero according to Kirchhoff's current law and the algebraic sum of voltages around a closed loop is zero according to Kirchhoff's voltage law. Examples of applying these concepts to solve circuit problems are also provided.
1. OHM’S LAW
• Ohm’s law states that the voltage v across a resistor is
directly proportional to the current i flowing through the
resistor.
2. NODES, BRANCHES, AND
LOOPS
•A branch represents a single element such as a voltage
source or a resistor
•A node is the point of connection between two or more
branches.
•A loop is any closed path in a circuit.
4. KIRCHHOFF’S LAW
• Kirchhoff’s current law (KCL) states that the
algebraic sum of currents entering a node (or
a closed boundary) is zero
• Kirchhoff’s voltage law (KVL) states that the
algebraic sum of all voltages around a closed
path (or loop) is zero.
