Makaut PPT presentation on basic electrical ca1 . Bs EE 101

1. • Title:
• Basic Electrical (Theory)
• Name:
• College Roll:
• Subject with Code: ES-EE101

3. In 1845, the German physicist Gustav Kirchhoff
introduced two fundamental principles that play a
crucial role in understanding and analyzing electrical
circuits. These principles are collectively known as
Kirchhoff's Laws and are essential tools for engineers
dealing with complex electrical networks.
Gustav Robert Kirchhoff
Introduction to Kirchhoff's Laws:

4. 1. Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL):
• Kirchhoff’s Current Law goes by several names: Kirchhoff’s First Law
and Kirchhoff’s Junction Rule.
• According to the Junction rule, the total of the currents in a
junction is equal to the sum of currents outside the junction
in a circuit.
• Kirchhoff’s Current Law, abbreviated as KCL, is a fundamental concept
that deals with the conservation of electric charge within a circuit.
• This law is instrumental in analyzing current distribution in complex
circuits, providing a foundation for understanding the flow of
electrical charge.

5. 2. Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL):
• Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law, abbreviated as KVL, is another critical principle that
focuses on the conservation of energy in electrical circuits.
• Several names: Kirchhoff’s Second Law and Kirchhoff’s Loop Rule.
• KVL states that the sum of the electromotive forces (EMFs or
voltages) in any closed loop of a circuit is equal to the sum of the
potential drops in that loop./( the sum of the voltages around the closed
loop is equal to null.)
• This law is vital for understanding the distribution of voltage across different
components within a circuit.

6. Kirchhoff’s Laws find widespread applications in
electrical engineering. They are particularly useful in
calculating the electrical resistance of intricate networks
and determining current flows in various
branches of a circuit..
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In alternating current (AC) circuits,
Kirchhoff’s Laws extend to encompass
impedance calculations,
providing engineers with a comprehensive
toolset for analyzing diverse
electrical systems.

7. Conclusion:
��
KCL and KVL serve as
cornerstones for
engineers, enabling them
to navigate the
complexities of current
distribution, voltage drops,
and impedance
calculations in diverse
electrical networks.
In conclusion, Kirchhoff’s
Laws, developed by Gustav
Kirchhoff in 1845, are
foundational principles that
contribute significantly to
the analysis of electrical
circuits.