Developmental Psychology

Developmental Psychology
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
PSYCH 101
In Developmental psychology there are four theories that psychologist apply to the development of the human mind. Developmental psychologist
always question how much of you is due to your genes or to the environment in which your in. After reading about each of these theories, I can't say
that I believe one theory to hold all the answer to the human psyche. But I do believe more strongly in some then others whether through personal
experience or through observational learning. I don't think any psychologist is right by saying one theory is right, when it can be a combination of all
of them because our minds have different sections too. Now I'll go into more details about each of the four...show more content...
Now that you know a little more about these theories in Developmental psychology I can tell you about some of my generalizations about psychology
and the things that are involved with it. I think psychology is a mind boggling class because you never know or think that one theory is completely
right, at least in my mind, because so many theories can applied to everyone's life. Most of the general population do so many things in their everyday
life that they just do naturally and don't even think anything of it, no questions on why they do those things. I learned a lot by just reading articles on
the different theories in developmental psychology, that it makes me think to much about how many details there are and probably that is in other
types of psychology. References
Kosslyn, S. M. "Developmental psychology." World Book Online Reference Center. 2005.
World Book, Inc. 17 Sept. 2005
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Developmental Psychology and Stage Essay
1. Jean Piaget's Stage Theory of Cognitive Development: At what age do you feel you entered the stage of Formal Operational Thought? Explain
the stage briefly and then focus on providing examples of ways your thinking has shifted to indicate you have developed into this stage of
reasoning. (For instance, provide an example of how your views of justice or morality have shifted as you've matured.) I believe that I entered the
Formal Operational Thought Stage when I was seventeen years old. I was a senior in high school preparing for life after graduation. It was during
this time period that I began to formulate plans for my life after high school as well as learning how to think and act come to conclusions for myself.
My mind state at...show more content...
While other children my age was outside playing and enjoying their youth I was taking on the role of my younger sibling's mother. By the time I
entered high school I had come to the realization that it was my responsibility and my responsibility only to take care of my little brother and
sister. My mother showed no interest in getting help or accepting the fact that she had an addiction and my father had disappeared completely we
only heard from him on an irregular basis. So instead of hanging out with my friends or doing tra curricular activities after school I would go
straight home cook dinner and help my siblings with their homework all before doing my own homework. When I entered into my junior year in
high school I joined the JROTC program which gave me a better understanding of the army. At seventeen I joined the IL Army National Guard. I
honestly believe that if it weren't for the things that happened prior to this stage in my life I wouldn't have made the decision to join the Army. The
events in this stage of my life taught me the true meaning of responsibility as well as what it means to be selfless. It helped me understand what my
purpose in life was. I am who I am today because of the life lessons I learned during the phase in my life. I am an awesome mother wife and soldier
because of the things I learned during that time period. 3. Lawrence Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development: Considering the moral or ethical
decisions that you have

Lifespan Development and Personality
Jasmine Coverson
PSY/103
E. W. Newlin
University of Phoenix
May 5, 2010
In developmental psychology, researchers describe the physical, emotional, and psychological stages of development while relating the specific issues
involved in the stages, which can hinder proper development. Developmental psychology, also described as human development, is the scientific
investigation of methodical psychological modifications that take place in humans in excess of the path of the average life span. Originally concerned
with infants and young children, the field has extended to include adolescence, adult development, the aging, and the entire life span. This field of
study scrutinizes adjustments across an...show more content...
Even though genes take part largely in the developmental process, the environment also has a position in determining physical development and
characteristics. If a parent exposes an unborn child to pollutants or chemicals in the womb at certain stages in the developmental process, it can modify
their deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, and cause transmutations that may not otherwise have transpired.
Understanding adolescents can tend to frustrate parents but one can begin to understand this age group if her or she looks at its position on the growth
succession. As one may notice, the adolescent stage is the last step before being an adult. Adolescents may face a range of developmental issues.
According to Havighurst (1952), two imperative areas include work and relationships. He highlights the importance of discovering a place and purpose
in society. Levinson (1978) focuses on altering relationships and on examination, while Erikson (1968) comments on intimacy and commitment to
personal goals. Super (1963) indicates that exploring and crystallizing occupational choice are vital to older adolescents and young adults. What seems
palpable is that older adolescents and young adults penetrate conversions with the goal of becoming autonomously functioning adults, as they struggle
to meet developing career and personal related needs. Rapid and increasing changes in labor market and post–secondary educational opportunities
mean that adolescents are now faced with

Developmental psychology is the scientific study of how and why human beings change over the span of their lifetime. Developmental psychology's
general focus was children and infants but now it has enlarged and now also focuses on adults. Although it would have been logical for me to choose a
biopsychologist or neuroscientist as a specialization considering that I am pursuing college to become physician, I chose the topic of developmental
psychology because the world is changing rapidly and it is significantly affecting the way the new generations view the world. I selected this
specialty since it plays a major role in people's everyday existence. The way people grow and develop in their lifetime is actually very captivating.

Developmental Psychology: Article Analysis
One thing that I found interesting in Jensen article on developmental psychology as it relates to spatial cognition in children and adults on whether or
not they're knowledgeable about their environment and where they come from. In the article, she references how one culture's spatial cognition could
differentiate between one another. For example, she states that "Namibian 8–year–olds and an adult were found to use allocentric reasoning whereas
Dutch 8–year–olds and adults used egocentric reasoning" (Jensen, 2012 p. 101). This proves a point that spatial cognition is not that same everywhere
and is heavily influenced by different cultural backgrounds. This also ties into the fact the psychologist has to be willing to do research universally

Developmental Psychology Essay
Development Psychology
Development psychology refers to the scientific study of the systematic psychological changes that normally occur to human beings throughout their
growth period from birth to old age. It was originally concerned with children and infants, but it has since expanded to include the entire life span of
mankind including adolescence and adulthood. Development psychology covers the extent to which human development occurs through gradual
accumulation of knowledge, and the extent to which children born with inmate mental structures learn through experience. Several psychological
theories and approaches like the behavioral, humanistic, psychoanalytic, biological, and cognitive approaches have been developed to explain the
...show more content...
The ability of an individual to learn from other people's experience is a unique character associated with conditioning controlled behavior. Children
are more likely and willing to repeat certain behaviors in cases where they have been rewarded, as they have developed the feeling that what they did
is acceptable.
The cognitive approach to development psychology; developed by Jean Piaget in 1934, deals with nature of knowledge, and how human intelligence is
developed and utilized (Piaget, 1983, p. 46). In this theory, Piaget asserts that reality, which is defined in two conditions that explains change brought
about by dynamic systems, involves states and transformations. Transformation refers to all kinds of changes a living organism undergoes and state is
the condition in which the living organism can be found between the transformers. He further argues that humans should have functions to represent
reality and the transformational process if their intelligence is to be adaptive.
In his theory, Piaget proposes two types of intelligence that are responsible for static and dynamic aspects of reality that is, figurative and operative
intelligence respectively. Figurative intelligence involves all the means of representation that are used to retain state that appears between
transformations, like shape, form, or location. It involves imitation, drawing, perception, language and mental imagery. Operative intelligence on the
other hand, involves

Developmental Psychology : An Introduction
Developmental Psychology: An introduction
Psychology is a field that is broken down into many subfields, each field distinctive in their nature. One of the most studied fields is developmental
psychology. Before I explain the field in depth, it is important to understand what developmental psychology is, and how it came to be. Developmental
psychology is mainly a scientific approach, which aims to explain how children and adults change overtime (Lerner, Lewin–Bizan, & Warren, 2011).
Most uniquely, it is a field that looks at change over time and what instigated those changes (Miller, 2011). The discipline itself has two main goals: to
describe the behavior at each point in the person 's development, and to identify the causal factors involved in producing changes in behavior (Vasta et
al. 1998). Developmental psychology as a field has informed many other subfields of psychology as well including educational psychology, child
psychopathology, and forensic developmental psychology. Developmental psychology also encompasses other fundamental research fields in
psychology including social psychology, cognitive psychology, ecological psychology, and comparative psychology.
The study of development is not a new discipline. In fact, many of the central controversies about human development date back to ancient Greece and
Rome, and the traditions of western philosophy (Lerner et al., 2011). Developmental psychology as a field of study however did not truly exist until
after the

development psychology Essay
Development psychology is concerned with the different stages that an individual must go through throughout their lifetime. During these life stages,
individuals are forced to face issues, make decisions, and psychosocially develop. Thomas and Laura are two individuals in different life stages that are
facing important issues. There are forced to use their fluid intelligence, go through transitions, and cope with gender schema. As these individuals
progression through these various stages they are grow mature and gaining real life experience that will help them through out their life. Thomas is a
23–year–old Puerto Rican male. His parents were both born in their native country of Puerto Rican. Thomas, however, was the first in his family...show
more content...
She was born in Moscow but moved to the United States when she was about 4 years old. She lives in a family with three other siblings. She is the
youngest of three girls, and has one older brother. Laura is currently in high school. She is a very good student that has been on the Honor Roll for
many years. She is also extremely athletic and is the best player on her basketball team. She loves playing, watching and participating in anything
that has to do with basketball. Laura's major current issues in life revolve around her future plans. Laura is planning to get her driver license
soon, however, she is very nervous and feels she might not do well on the test. To help her prepare, her older brother is giving her some driving
lessons. Her driver test is coming soon and hopeful she will be able to pull it off and pass. Laura also wants to go to college but does not know
where to go and what to study. She has always dreamt of playing college basketball, but has been teased by her sister's about this dream. Her sister
claim that she does not have the ability and that even if she did basketball is a male sport. This has made Laura uncertain about many things in her
future. To help her choose an appropriate school she is seeking the advise of family, friends, and teachers. She also plans to visit several colleges and
universities and become well informed before making her

Developmental Psychology Essay examples
Developmental Psychology Attachments in Developments =========================== Developmental psychology is concerned with how
our cognitions, emotions and behaviour change as we grow with age and experience. Babies, only a few months old develop close bonds called
attachment bonds with some people in particular. These people are able to settle the child, if upset, more easily than others and the baby will become
upset if separated from the attachment object for too long. There has been a big debate in psychology over the precise role the mother figure takes in
child development generally and especially the emotional development. Topic 4 – The Development and Variety of...show more content...
Infants physically cannot survive for themselves and so must form attachments with someone in order to feed, be cared for and be protected and so it
is likely they are born with a tendency to form these attachments to increase their chance of survival. It is also likely that the attachment bond has
longer beneficiaries apart from survival. It may form the fundamental basis for emotional relationships that will be formed in the future. Bowlby called
this the "internal working model", a mental model of the world that allows us to predict, control and manipulate the world around us. There is also
evidence that attachments between individuals affects later sexual relationships. Westermarck (1891) described the fact that if children spend a
considerable amount of time together with each other they tend NOT to form sexual relations with these individuals. This is known as the
"Westermarck effect" and there is evidence to support this. Shepher (1971) found that not one of 3000 Israeli marriage records he studied was between
individuals who had been raised together on the same kibbutz, a kind of communal farming

Developmental Psychology: Film Analysis
8. Please suggest a different movie (not one of the other movie options originally provided in the Movie Review Sign–up link) for Developmental
Psychology students to view and why you would choose it.
I would propose the movie Juno directed by Jason Reitman, because it deals with adolescence emerging into adulthood. This film is about a strange
16–year–old that is a junior in high school in Minnesota. In the beginning, we learn about Juno who gets involved in a "fling" with her friend Bleeker
(Paulie) and loses her virginity. At this moment you learn how this movie connects peers to adolescence. After having sex, Juno finds out she is
pregnant forcing her to make adult decisions. During this time she must balance school, pregnancy, relationships,

Three of the fields of psychology that have influenced me and my current major in biology are Developmental Psychology, Neurological Psychology,
and Clinical Psychology; they have influenced me by Developmental Psychology relating to my future goal to work with pediatrics, Neurological
Psychology relating to both biology in a general sense and also my potential interests in the neurology field, and Clinical Psychology relating to being a
doctor in general. One of the fields of Psychology that has influenced me and my current major of biology is developmental psychology. As a hopeful,
future–pediatrician, it only makes sense for me to understand both a child's developing body and mind. Regarding developmental psychology, a
push for children to be studied felt its origins in "concern over infant mortality, child labor, and the education of children" (Hilgard, 568). Erik
Erikson would eventually pull from Freud's idea of various stages in development; however, as opposed to focusing on sexual based stages, Erikson
would focus on relationship and social based stages. Erikson's views are more in tune with our modern ideas of childhood development stages. Such
stages are important in pediatrics. They are usually accompanied by important milestones that give clues to how well a young child is developing.
Also, if certain stages are not met socially, it potentially implies some issue. Developmental Psychology also relates back to genetics, which is
extremely important in Biology

There are various studies of disorders pertaining to psychology including Developmental, Cognitive, Behavioral, and Social. Psychology means the
scientific study of thought and behavior. Psychological disorders and or mental illnesses can be studied from three different perspectives: biological,
environmental, and behavioral. Psychotherapy, drug therapy, and modern criteria for diagnosing mental disorders are three major developments in
clinical psychology. Personality plays a big role in psychology because they use the term to measure how it is used and how important it is to
understand the brain and nervous system. The study of Developmental psychology is how thought and behavior change and remain stable across the
life span. This perspective...show more content...
The main idea behind Eysenck's model is that differences in individuals' genomes (DNA) create a different level of arousal and sensitivity to
stimulation. These differences in genetics and levels of arousal and sensitivity lead to differences in the three primary dimensions of personality:
psychoticism, extraversion, and neuroticism (P–E–N). Personality differences in dimensions, in turn, lead to differences in learning, conditioning,
perception, and memory. These cognitive–perceptual–learning differences lead to differences in social behaviors such as sociability, criminality, sexual
behavior, and creativity. The evidence supports the connection between the central nervous system arousal, personality traits, and especially
extraversion–introversion. Cortical arousal refers to how active the brain is at a

Developmental Psychology There are three main theories of development that I shall discuss in this assignment, 'Cognitive', the main theorist being,
'Piaget', (1896 – 1980), The, 'Psychosocial Theory', 'Erikson', (1902 – 1994), and, The 'Psychosexual', of, 'Freud', (1856 – 1939). Cognitive Psychology
draws the comparison between the human mind and a computer, suggesting that we like the computer process the information we acquire from around
us and then react accordingly. Hearnshaw, (1987), claims that Cognitive Psychology is both one of the oldest and also one of the newest parts of
Psychology, cited in ?T. Malim?, (1994). Information is collected through our senses i.e. vision, touch, smell etc and then processed through our...show
more content...
At the age of 4–7 the child reaches the, ?Intuitive?, stage, at this stage the child has some concept of differences i.e. the child can distinguish
between the size and colour of different coloured bricks. However the child is still what Piaget called, ?Egocentric?, unable to see things from
another?s point of view. ?One amusing example (Phillips, 1996) is of a four year old boy who is asked ?Do you have a brother?? to which he replies
?Yes?. Then he is asked ?What?s his name?? to which he replies ?Jim?. Finally in response to the question ?Does Jim have a brother?? he say?s ?No?.
The Concrete Operational Stage (7–11): – A this stage the child can operate objects and understand them providing they can se them and/or are
holding them. The child can count, spell, read etc. Although the child still needs some objects i.e. fingers, toys to count there is still a need for visual
assistance. The child is developing a less egocentric perspective. The formal Operation Stage (11–15): – At this stage the child or adolescent can now
think hypothetically, (think about situations, experiences that they may not have experienced). The adolescent can think about different outcomes to
situations. The formal adolescent can now count without the aid of objects and can read and write quite efficiently. Psychosexual Stages of

Psychological Development Essay
Psychological development is the development of a person's emotional, intellectual, cognitive, and social capabilities and functions that they acquire
throughout their lifetime. This starts from birth and carries on until death, but how does pregnancy affect the development stage? There are many
myths that when women become pregnant their cognitive capabilities begin to decrease and the mother suffers from 'baby brain' or 'placenta brain'.
Scientists are interested in this and some wondered what role pregnancy plays in the increase or decrease of a woman's cognitive function. An
experiment by Christensen et al (2010) they tested cognition speed, immediate recall, working memory, and delay memory in pregnant, non–pregnant
women, and...show more content...
132). A complimentary study focused on emotional intelligence and its link to coping ability, fatigue, depression, stress, anxiety, and mental health
during pregnancy and motherhood (Akerjordel K & Severinsson E., 2009). Emotional intelligence differs from cognitive intelligence because it helps
people cope with daily demands, adapt to the world, manage their emotions, and be more effective, with healthy moods and social support systems
(Akerjordel K & Severinsson E., 2009). In this study 250 women over the age of 18 were subdued to surveys and questioners that were shaped to
determine the mental well being of pregnant women. When the results came in it showed that pregnant women are more prone to feeling depressed,
sad, lonely, fearful as well as uncertain throughout their pregnancy, however because all women are different and come from different socio–economic
backgrounds no solid conclusions could be drawn (Akerjordel K & Severinsson E., 2009). This study showed that the development of pregnancy must
not only include genes but environmental factors must be included as well. The last experiment that was reviewed was by Onyper, S.V (2010),
reviewed cognitive functioning, emotional intelligence, and executive functioning throughout a woman's pregnancy. Executive functioning would
include mental processes that allow people to achieve goals and

Reflection Paper On Developmental Psychology
Fran D'Angelo
Final Paper
Leading up into the class I was both bit nervous and excited, since this was the first time in years that I haven't taken a class outside of my particular
major. As I was going through the course schedule, I had in my mind that I did not just want to take any old class just because I need it to graduate.
So I came across developmental psychology and thought to myself that this would be a good fit because I enjoy learning about other people. Once
class started, I was a little confused about how it the class was going to be, since I already had the thought in my head that I was going to be learning
about people older in age. After understanding more about what I was going to learn from this class, I became much more excited because this is
actually affecting me in my personal life now, as my wife is pregnant and due in December. I thought this was a great pre baby learning experience for
myself, since each week I had the ability to learn everything from development, prenatal development, physical development, intelligence, temperament
and attachment, gender role development, and development of the family.
Week one started off with developmental psychology, which is defined as identifying and explaining the continuities and changes individuals display
over time. There are two ways that cause humans to develop, these are by maturity and learning experiences. A person that observes developmental
psychology are known as developmentalist.

Professionals within the field of developmental psychology focus on how people grow and develop throughout their lifetime. Developmental
psychology concerns the interest of the humans on a physiological and biological level (Weiner & Easterbrooks, 2012). The many contributing factors
considered when observing the developmental changes that occur in any individual also include physical ecological, cultural, and historical influences
to a person. Developmental psychologists conduct research on a diverse array of topics, such as the effects of divorce on adults, parenting, and how
infants learn language, and influences on antisocial activity during adolescence (Kuther & Morgan, 2012). The type of work that can be found within
the field of developmental

Case Study: Developmental Psychology
CASE STUDY ON
OBSERVATION FOR PIAGET'S DEVELOPEMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY THEORY
PREOPERATIONAL STAGE
MAALINIE DEVI
TM16–10275
TMC ACADEMY
MODULE: DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
LECTURER : VASHNARE KUMARASURIAR
Word Count :
ABSTRACT
JEAN PIAGET 'S THORY DESCRIBES THE COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT INVLOVES
CHANGES IN COGNITIVE PROCESS AND ABILITIES.
A 5 year old child was observed through 3 experimental conservations in order to get the answers on Piaget's theory. The types of conservations were:
1) Liquid,
2) Number and
3) Length
INTRODUCTION
Psychology is the study of human mind and behavior. Developmental psychology is one of the branch of psychology studies that attempts to explain the
changes and development of a human 's life span over time, from birth of an infant and growing up till...show more content...
This manuscript was published only in year 1982 as editorial interventions and distortions. Lev Vygotsky also did major assumptions to his theories in
which where both the formal and informal conversations between adult and children example education that is conveyed to children by adults
specifically , as adults involves talks with children, they show the meanings they attached to event, objects and experiences. (Lev Vygotsky 1982). Lev
Vygotsky's theory's second assumptions are that thought and language independently increases rapidly in the first few years of life. (Lev Vygotsky
1982). Lev Vygotsky also explained that challenging tasks promote the possible intensity of cognitive development, described as zone of proximal

development. (Lev Vygotsky

Psychology is the mental characteristics or attitude of a person or group. It is stimulated by the mental and emotional factors governing any situation
encountered in our daily lives. Through vast research, this term has also come to encompass fetuses. Until just a relatively short while ago , a fetus
was considered to be an unconscious being. Today, thanks to advances in technology, such as sonograms, and fiber optics ,we have been able to see
and study babies inside their mom's womb. Recent studies that are concerned with human behavior, shows that from the first weeks of gestation , a
baby perceives vibrations. From the fifth month of pregnancy, the fetus is already a conscious being capable of seeing, feeling and hearing, and learning
...show more content...
Their testimonials have in fact confirmed the results as their experiences reveal the effects that music has had on their fetus. Sara is one of the
mothers who followed a simple routine, practicing her breathing exercises and watching a television series every night. The series theme music had
developed into her signal for relaxation. "I would forget about the tension of the day and would feel truly content," Sara said. When Sara's daughter
was six months old, Sara realized that every time the theme music would play she would listen attentively, abandoning any other activity (Prenatal
Music, n.d.). Another example is Boris Brott, Director of the Hamilton Philharmonic Symphony of Ontario Canada. He had always been astonished by
his effortless ability to interpret pieces he had never heard before. Upon mentioning the subject to his mother, a professional cellist, she was surprised
herself seeing that she used to play these pieces while she was pregnant with him (Prenatal Music,

Development Psychology
There are many specialty areas that are available to individuals seeking a career in the diverse field of psychology. Most Psychologists choose to
specialize in sub–fields that focus on specific subjects. Obtaining a profession in many of the specialty areas would require graduate study in that
area of interest. Some professionals have a broad knowledge, are skilled in several areas, and work with a range of clients. Some are specialist in
treating a specific type of psychological disorder. For those interested in specializing in a psychology career, developmental psychology and personality
psychology are among the many careers available. Developmental Psychology is the study of how people change throughout their lifespan. Studies
include psychological affects, physical and social growth, intellectual, emotional and perceptual changes that occur. Developmental Psychology focus
on a wide range of behavior changes beginning with prenatal development. Developmental Psychology also focuses on developmental disabilities and
the effects it might have on people's behavior. As with many fields related to psychology, a developmental psychologist must obtain a doctorate for
most positions; yet, some positions at the university level requires a PhD.
The work setting varies for developmental psychologist. Some might work in the field of higher education, research and in teaching positions. There
are many that are employed by the government to evaluate and

Developmental Psychology

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Developmental Psychology