Deductive Argument Analysis

Deductive Argument Analysis
I argued a deductive argument with my sister or what I thought was a deductive argument over taking my niece and nephew to the orthodontist, I
argued I wasn't told about the kids orthodontist appointment and my sister said she told me weeks ago, which I have no recollection of this
conversation taking place, Deductive Validity and Language accrued because if I can't remember the conversation taking place about the appointment
for the kids. Now I see my argument is invalid and my memory loss has everything to do with the fact my sister told me about the appointment weeks
ago, and had heard the message from the dental office giving a reminder of the appointment. I was mad thinking that I wasn't told eve after hearing the
message on the answering...show more content...
Me and my sister were on the same page after I realized I could be wrong, but she got mad that I asked if she could gave me a reminder and she
proceed to make fun that I will surely forget! I did not at this point admit how I was wrong and could have asked to be reminded, this happened five
days ago and she is still mad at me and the appointment has come and gone and we are still at odds over this whole misunderstanding or
miscommunication. I denied the antecedent I was being so unreasonable by being made I could have just taken the kids and not complained, my sister
thought she had told me and I did not remember being told that I needed to take the kids to a appointment. The fallacies me and my sister argued about
neither one of us where right in our argument because the attribute did not apply to the whole situation we should have communicated better, discussed
what time the appointment was and who was going to take the kids if my sister could or couldn't get the time off to take the kids knowing the
appointments get scheduled months in
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Deduction Vs Deductive Reasoning
Induction and deduction are pervasive elements in critical thinking. They are also somewhat misunderstood terms. Arguments based on experience or
observation are best expressed inductively, while arguments based on laws or rules are best expressed deductively. Most arguments are mainly
inductive. In fact, inductive reasoning usually comes much more naturally to us than deductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning that is based on a
general statement of fact is hard to argue with. When using this method, you begin with a factual statement that describes a class of things, such as
animals. "In deductive inference, we hold a theory and based on it we make a prediction of its consequences. That is, we predict what the observations
should be if the...show more content...
Once this step has been completed, the next step involves coding the data for statistical analysis in which the results are supported with theories. The
important item that makes inductive profiling more robust than deductive profiling is, through research observable patterns in the data can be found
that lead to new theories. Rather than being stagnated with held views of behavior, inductive profiling is like a revolving door – researchers are always
striving to look for emerging patterns in crime data, which leads to new ways to assist

Examples Of Unsound Valid Deductive Argument
Deductive and Inductive Arguments Unsound Valid Deductive Argument Premise 1: My husband does not work on the weekends. Premise 2: My
husband was home today. Conclusion: It must be a weekend. This argument precludes the fact that he may be home sick, or using paid time off.
Therefore, this is not a sound argument, though the premises are true, as it does not account for other factors that may keep my husband home. Sound
Valid Deductive Argument Premise 1: My baby cries when he needs something. Premise 2: My baby is crying. Conclusion: He needs something. This
argument is sound and valid, as my baby only cries when there is something that must be done for him, whether that be feeding, changing, playing, etc.
Weak Inductive Argument

Social Media Affects Interpersonal Relationships
Introduction
The implications of social media on the ability of individuals to interact and communicate is visible in all areas of the society. Due to the growth in
technology and introduction of smart gadgets such as smartphones, there has been a significant shift in the way people communicate. Instead of face to
face communication, people prefer communicating through the use of social media platforms. The thesis for the paper is that social media hinders
interpersonal relationship. The essay will outline facts that support the argument, gives out some objections on the same, and finally give out a
conclusion that it is true, social media hinders interpersonal relationships.
Argument
The essay will provide a guarantee of truth on how adversely social media affects the interpersonal relationships leading to a valid conclusion. In this
deductive argument, the following premises support the thesis that social media hinders interpersonal relationship. They include;
P1: Social media hinder relationships as it offers no face to face interaction.
P2: Social media has negative impacts on peoples' emotions and psychology. That is, it does not provide emotional closeness provided by real
interpersonal relationship.
P3: Social media also creates unrealistic expectations for relationships. It tends to manipulate the actual psychical attributes of individuals.
P4: Social media can also invoke feelings of jealousy and stress.
C: Social media hinders relationships because it

Deductive Reasoning
Deductive Reasoning In order to fully understand deductive reasoning, there are certain points to be noted. First, what is the nature of deductive
reasoning? Logical strength is defined as the property of an argument whose premises, if true provide support for its conclusion. Deductive and
inductive arguments are also distinguished based on the point that logical strength is a matter of degree. This distinction makes it necessary to
understand the nature of deductive reasoning. Therefore, deductive arguments are those whose premises guarantee the truth of the conclusion, and
inductive arguments are those whose premises make it reasonable to accept the conclusion though do not absolutely guarantee its truth. Deductive
reasoning is...show more content...
В•The logical operators also play crucial part in telling precisely how the truth of the statement as a whole is determined by the truth values of its
component statements. They also define the different kinds of truth–functional statement as explained above. Four kinds of truth–functions: 1.It is false
that Keanu Reeves is gay. Negation – the statement p is false is true when the component statement is false and false when the component statement is
true 2.Manny Pacquiao is the world's featherweight champion and he has not been defeated so far. Conjunction В– true if and only if both statements
are true and false it both is false or either one is false 3.Either he stole it or somebody else stole it. Disjunction В– true when either one of the
components is true or if both are true, it is false when both are false В•It is to note that disjunction is to be considered among complex statements.
Consider the example, either Mac did it or Bud it. This statement will still be grammatically correct if written as either Mac or Bud did it but this
perhaps is merely a simple statement containing compound subjects. В•It is also important to note that in a disjunctive truth–function the two disjuncts
are exhaustive but not exclusive. This means that the disjuncts cannot be both false (exhaustive) but both may be true (not exclusive). 4.If one commits
homicide then he must be imprisoned. Implication В– if p then q; the first component is called the antecedent, the second

Deductive Argument On Rhetoric
Scene: After Aristotle's funeral, some of his student's get drunk following the service, which leads to a discussion of the line between how morality and
public perception shape rhetoric.
Syllogion: If there is such a thing as a complete proof, then saying that today is a depressing day for the world would be just that. It's almost
irrefutable. Would you pass me the wine, Revolutio?
Revolutio: I don't think I will. I think you've had a little too much to drink if you believe that, Syllogion. That's pretty funny coming from Mr. deductive
argument himself. Aristotle's works were riddled with fallacies and so is what you just said!
Syllogion: Excuse me, Revolutio? We just buried our mentor and your drunken self decides to have a philosophical...show more content...
But maybe I should be quiet before my knowledge has you imprisoning me for slander.
Moralus: Revolutio, do you really believe that the point of Aristotle's argument was to point out the nuances from one person to the next?
Revolutio: He clearly states that uncertainty can't solve uncertainty. How can three age groups define the characteristics of a man? Without a defined
premise, how can we create a defined argument?
Moralus: (mocking Revolutio) Aristotle said this. Aristotle said that. If we want to talk about certainty. Who says that his teachings are

The Deductive Argument Of Evil
The deductive argument for evil is more philosophical and packs a bigger punch, while the evidential argument is much more convincing, but less
powerful in the sense of philosophy. The deductive argument holds four propositions, the first is that god is all knowing, the second is that god is all
powerful, the third is that god is all good, and finally the fourth is that evil exists in this world. If God is all of those things, then why does he allow
pain and suffering to occur. This is where the evidential argument comes into play. The evidential argument holds that first, the kind of evil that exists
in the world is unexpected if God exists, and secondly if the kind of evil that exists is not surprising if God does not exist. Therefore the

Critically Evaluate the Deductive Argument from Evil
Logically, can Evil and the "three–O" God co–exist in this universe? The deductive argument from evil says they cannot. In this essay I will explain
the argument and analyze why it is valid but unsound. I will do this by discussing fallacious nature of the premise that if God were omnipotent and knew
he could prevent the existence of evil without sacrificing some greater good he would then necessarily prevent it. The essay will propose the following
evaluation of the deductive argument from Evil: that each premise logically follows from its antecedent, but that the concepts in the premises
themselves are not entirely understood and can be refuted. God's Omni benevolence,...show more content...
An even further analysis of the issue of misinterpretation of Omni benevolence, or false assumptions about God's nature, is the claim that the
deductive argument from evil contains a referential fallacy; presuming that all words refer to existing things and that their meaning lies in what the
refer to. This claim of the unsound nature of the argument asserts that the deductive argument from evil fallaciously assumes the idea of Omni
benevolence is defined by existing ideas and worldly concepts of "all good nature". It is logically possibly, however, that God's perfect goodness is
beyond man's understanding and cannot be defined by actions or non–actions relating to the evil of this world. Thus leading to the false conviction that
God need necessarily eliminate all evil from the world in order to be inherently good. These forms of counter arguments to the deductive explanation of
evil's non–compatibility with God can be refuted. The following are defenses for the deductive argument that support the primary understanding of
God's Omni benevolence as mandating the elimination of all existing evil. Firstly, Omni benevolence is a description of God's absolutely good
nature and entails that God desires everything that is good. This desire to bring about good things also means a desire to prevent evil things from
happening. Hence God's good nature doesn't need to necessarily lead to no omission of good actions, but it does lead to the necessary idea that God

Deductive Arguments For Universal Healthcare
Final Paper Universal Healthcare
Chrystal M Bare
PHI103 Informal Logic
Instructor Christopher DeFusco Ph D.
November 24, 2017
Chosen Topic:
Should Universal Healthcare be available to all regardless of their ability to pay in the same way that other services like education are available to all
for free?
Universal Healthcare means that all individuals can use medical services as preventative, curative, and rehabilitative care when they need it regardless
of their income levels. Universal healthcare guarantees that these services are available to everyone. The U.S. is in talks now for a single payer
system which would provide health insurance in place of private companies to bring more access to medical to the lower class and the thousands of
under or uninsured.
P1: Universal Healthcare would reduce long–term costs.
P2: Everyone has a right to see a doctor.
P3: Universal Healthcare would improve public health overall, with preventative care and overall health management.
C: Therefore universal healthcare should be available to every person as a government funded program.
This is a deductive argument. A deductive argument is an argument that is intended by the arguer to be deductively valid. As the deductive arguer here
I am attempting to provide the truth of the conclusion that is provided by my arguments premises and they should be true statements.

Premise one: Universal Healthcare would reduce long–term costs.
A single–payer system would eliminate

Deductive and Inductive Reasoning
Deductive and inductive reasoning A deductive argument tends to work from the generalized to the more specific. It often referred to as a top–down
approach informally. The conclusions that are made in deductive argument follow logically from the facts that are available. A deductive approach can
be taken on the statement traditional publishing has been rendered unnecessary by the rise of digital publication. Electrical publishing which is also
referred to as ePublishing or digital publishing involves the publication of e–books, electronic articles, digital libraries and EPUBS. It is becoming a
common trend to distribute books, newspapers and even magazines directly to readers through tablet reading devices. This has been generated by
vendors who operate online like Apple iTunes bookstore and books in the android market among others. Market researchers have made suggestions
that most of the magazines and newspapers that will be in circulation will be done through digital means by 2015(Sader, 2004). Most of the publishing
companies are also considering making agreements with these electronic publishing networks like Apple so that they can increase the publications
through them and eventually no more traditional publishing will be done (Rothchild, I. 2006). From the look at the general trend in publishing that
most people and firms are taking as depicted above, it is safe to take the deductive conclusion that "Traditional publishing has been rendered
unnecessary by the

Inductive Argument Paper
Logic is a science originating from Aristotle, which comprises the ideologies of validity of inference and demonstration (Merriam–Webster, n.d.).
Therefore, it is a tool to interrogate and understand the world around us, by separating the valid properties from invalid properties (Sayle, 2013).
However, it is merely a tool, and may not be the best tool for a particular situation to analyze. At its base,logic reduces to deductive and inductive
reasoning. Deductive reasoning derives a conclusion from the necessary consequence of a couple of true premises (Sayle, 2013). Moreover,
inductive reasoning comprises multiple true premises to form a valid conclusion (Sayle, 2013). Deductive reasoning may be useful when solving
simple problems with only two premises. For instance, if a car is a vehicle and a vehicle has wheels, then a car has wheels. The benefit to this is that
an invalid form of the argument is easy to identify, when two true premises lead to a false conclusion (Sayle,...show more content...
The format for this has multiple premises that tend to logically lead to a universal catchall. However, it is impossible to properly determine if the
inductive argument is truly valid, since the premises and conclusion are a relation of patterns. For example, the sky is typically blue in the daytime, and
since it is daytime, the sky must be blue without having to physically look. In fact, this is incorrect, since it can be raining, or cloudy during the day.
Although the form follows inductive reasoning, it is hard to prove the previous statement incorrect, without prior knowledge of the situation. As a
result, inductive reasoning is not entirely valuable, since the validity of the conclusion is unreliable. Additionally, with Aristotelian logic, thetruth of the
premise implies the truthful conclusion, which the Russell Paradox contradicts to an extent (Sayle,

Deductive and Inductive Approaches
CHAPTER ONE
DEDUCTIVE AND INDUCTIVE APPROACHES–
A SHORT REVIEW
1.1. Definitions and names
When it comes to teaching grammar two main trends have been competing with one another for ages, these are: deductive and inductive approaches.
While the first one seems to be more successful as it has continuously been applied since ancient times, the other was appreciated only in Classical,
Reneissance, 19th and 20th century (Johnson, 1999, p. 147). However, it seems to have gained real popularity recently. We can observe (Johnson,
1999, p. 147), that the deductive approach was extremaly in favour in the Middle Ages, 18th and 19th century, when reading, writing and translating
texts were regarded as the most important skills. Luckily,...show more content...
228). According to Trahey and White in these exercises " ...learners are exposed to a high–frequency of a particular language form in the instructional
input leading to better knowledge and understanding of that form by the learners" (Lightbown & Spada., 1999, p. 131). Pupils seem to be
surrounded by the language, on the contrary in the deductive approach learners are given selected language structures to cope with, to complete tasks
based only on this particular gramatical item. Batstone (1994) calls this type of approach "teaching grammar as product" or "form–focused approach"
and sees it as a series of controlled activities with the significant role of the teacher and a slightly limited role of the learners (pp. 224–227). However,
he does not condemn this approach, he admits it is still a very popular one and has some advantages. As a matter of fact, Batstone agrees with Long's
opinion that "structures, notions, functions, etc." cannot "be acquired separately, singly, in linear additive fashion" and this is the weak point of the
form–focused approach, yet it provides good knowledge of rules and reinforces students feeling of understanding the language structure and at the same
time it encourages them to continue learning. In regards to the inductive approach Batstone calls it teaching grammar as process or meaning focused
approach (pp. 224–227) and emphasises

Deductive Critical Thinking
INTRODUCTION
In our day to day studies, almost everything is transformed into our understanding by the creation of arguments in our brains. An argument is basically
described as a process of making what we think clear to ourselves and others .the final goal of an argument is usually to reach a conclusion which is
sufficiently persuasive to convince someone of something. Any argument that relies on collection of data, on measurement, on information collected
somehow (rather than on a general principle) is known as an inductive argument. On the other hand an argument which begins with a generally true
phrase to a particular phrase is known as a deductive argument.
BODY
Usually in a deductive argument, the premises are meant to provide a guarantee...show more content...
Inductive arguments, therefore, can take vary wide ranging forms, including arguments dealing with statistical data, generalizations from past
experience appeals to signs, evidence or authority and casual relationship. The following is an example of an inductive argument:
It has snowed in Massachusetts every December in recorded history. Therefore, it will snow in Massachusetts this coming December.
How do inductive and deductive arguments help us in critical thinking? This is a question that needs much insight so as to fully understand the role of
inductive and deductive arguments in critical thinking.
Critical thinking is the ability to think clearly and rationally. It includes the ability to engage in reflective & independent thinking. So deductive and
inductive arguments will help in the following ways in critical thinking:
1.Making accurate and logic decisions.
In arguments, facts are reviewed, wrote and reviewed again. By this, it usually helps one to make decisions accurately .arguments really helps
someone to understand every single piece of information because when you fail to understand a part of given information then it is likely to make biased

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Deductive Method
Strengths and weaknesses of Deductive and Inductive grammar teaching Erlam (2003) defines the deductive method as a process that moves from
general to specific. The learners are exposed to the general use, and they apply the rule to particular examples of language use. And this method ismost
close with the Grammar–Translation approach (Gollin, 1998). This approach, according to Brinton, Celce– Murcia and Snow (2014) was used as a way
to teach Latin and other languages. This Approach has some elements, which are as follows: – The focus is on grammatical parsing. – Using the native
language of the students. – Little use of the target language for communication. – Atypical exercise is to translate sentences from the target language
into the mother tongue. The Deductive method is related to conscious learning. This method tries to place a great emphasis on error correction and
presentation of explicit rules. The deductive method is often used with adult learners. The teacher in this method teaches the rule explicitly to learners,
and they are ready to cope with exercises given (Krashen, 2002). The deductive method has its own strengths and weaknesses, according to Widodo
(2006), which are in the following table: Strengths 1–The Deductive approach goes straight forwardly to the point and time–saving. The positive aspect
of the method is that it saves time. Teacher's explanations, independent work and subsequent checks are effective methods for learning facts and
developing basic skills (Allahyar and Ramezanpour, 2011, p. 240–243; Entwistle, 1998, p.225–258). 2– A number of rule aspects (for example, form)
can be more simply and clearly explained than elicited from examples. 3– A number of direct practice/application examples are immediately given. 4–
The deductive approach respects the intelligence and maturity of many adult learners in particular and acknowledges the role of cognitive processes in
language acquisition. 5–It confirms many learners' expectations about classroom learning, particularly for those who have an analytical style.
Weaknesses 1– Beginning the lesson with a grammar presentation may be off putting for some Learners, especially younger ones. 2– Younger learners
may not be able to

Deductive Argument
Argument 1: Is it okay for my boyfriend to not cook nor clean on his days off? Premise 1: Is it okay for my boyfriend not cook nor clean on his
days off because he deserves a break. Premise 2: Is it okay for my boyfriend not cook nor clean on his days off because he pays rent. Conclusion:
Simply is it okay for my boyfriend not cook nor clean on his days off because he deserves a break and he pays rent. This is a deductive argument
about my boyfriend does not want to do housework nor cooking during his days off. The strength of this argument is that the first two statements are
true and the conclusion is true too.The weakness of this argument is that both premises could be rebutted on sexism or ignorance. All in all, my
boyfriend

Compare And Contrastive And Deductive Reasoning
The inductive and deductive reasoning seems dissimilar to each other from all accounts. Inductive reasoning involves a scientist using series of
correlated observations to reach or infer a conclusion while deductive reasoning involves predicting a specific result by following existing laws and
general concepts that support a conclusion (OpenStax College, & Rice University, 2013). So, considering the definition of inductive reasoning and the
definition of deductive reasoning and their mode of operations highlighted above, they are apparently different from each other. In comparing and
contrasting both approaches, inductive reasoning focuses on observation while deductive reasoning considers the generally accepted facts to ascertain
the authenticity of a specific case. With the obvious difference in their modus operandi, inductive and deductive reasoning both usehypothesis, tests,
repetitions...show more content...
The two methods can, as a matter of fact, be complementary when used in experiments. In other words, the top–down logic of the deductive reasoning
can be supported by the bottom–up logic of the inductive reasoning. In addition, it may be necessary to evaluate which approach is best for getting the
required findings. The observational approach used by inductive reasoning can be solidified by the evidence gathered from the test results of a
supported hypothesis. This, in my opinion, is what an intelligent scientist should do when working on a specific experiment. In an attempt to find a
solution or answer tough questions regarding scientific or biological matters, it would be unwise or unnecessary to apply rigidity in using any of the
discussed methods as both are complementary to each

The first concepts I learned about in this chapter are the deductive and inductive reasoning. As developing techniques such as both deductive and
inductive reasoning is an important portion of becoming a critical thinker. So what is deductive reasoning? Deductive reasoning is structured in such a
way as to give as to give us certainty about what it true in a given situation. The conclusions certainty is established when deductive arguments contain
true premises reasons stated in the correct form (Diestler 2012). So basically, deductive reasoning is taking some set of data or facts and using that to
come up with other deducting facts. When using deductive reasoning its sometimes knows as the top down approach which is sometimes used for
research...show more content...
Therefore, you start to think out of the box and having different opinions it can allow you to have better decision–making skills in choosing better life
choices for yourselves. In the video that was shown during the lecture about decision–making named How To Make Better Decisions (https://youtu.be
/QW–AUTh6WOY) a mathematician believes he can solve complex human problems by using math. In decision–making mathematics share the same
language, in you have problems that need to be solved. Therefore, you look at the factors that you're going away against each other so solve the
problem with using math. In the example is trying finding a suitable girlfriend using numbers. The experiment was to see if the math could predict the
volunteers which consist of the four nerdy science guys could get numbers from girls from a bar setting. The conclusion the volunteers were a
success. Also, something that was discovered was with this simply analyzing the decision before hand seem to have given the guys more confidence
to approach and talk to girls at the bar. The only person who was not successful was one of the guys Levi who reject the magic numbers and failed at
the experiment in this performance. I don't always think that math can always be used, but you can if you want to make a logical decision then you
make choose math to help you with the decision–making. One thing that can helps me in making better decisions is identifying the factors

What Makes A Deductive Argument
With your first argument I think you should add more to your premises or add another premise to support your conclusion. This example gives a
very broad overview on alcohol related accidents. How much was the person that got into the accident drinking. You could add a premise that states
this many percent of people drive while being legally intoxicated. I would also add for premise one the percent of people that die in alcohol–related
accidents every year or for a certain number of years. This will make your argument stronger.
With your second argument is more of a deductive argument as premise one and two are true and the conclusion is guaranteed. So this would be a valid
deductive argument. For an inductive argument the conclusion should

Example Of An Unsound Deductive Argument
An example of an unsound valid deductive argument from my life is that the online course at Ashford University that I am taking is the best option for
me to continue studying because I do not have other option and is the best decision I made. (P1)–If the online course at Ashford University that I am
taking is the best option to continue studying because I do not have other option then I am taking the best decision. (P2)– I don't have other option (C)–
At least is the best decision.

Deductive Argument Analysis

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Deductive Argument Analysis