تربیت اخلاقی از مهم¬ترین ساحت¬های تربیتی است که به مفهوم ایجاد شناخت و برانگیختن احساس، جهت تضعیف و اجتناب از صفات منفی (رذائل) و مراقبت و پرورش هماهنگ صفات مثبت (فضائل) در راستای ملکه شدن در عمق وجودی انسان می¬باشد. روشن شدن چگونگی تربیت اخلاقی در دوره کودکی و عوامل مؤثر بر آن می¬تواند به عنوان رهیافتی تأملی نقش مهمی در سامان¬دهی برنامه¬های تربیتی داشته باشد. از این رو در این مقاله سعی می¬گردد تا با استفاده از روش پژوهش توصیفی تحلیلی به این مهم پرداخته شود. به منظور گردآوری داده¬های لازم جهت نیل به اهداف پژوهش، منابع موجود و مرتبط با موضوع پژوهش با استفاده از فرم¬های فیش برداری از منابع، جمع¬آوری شده و با شیوه¬های کیفی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفته¬اند. یافته¬های پژوهش بیانگر آن است که تربیت اخلاقی در دوره کودکی ضمن دارا بودن هدف، بهره¬گیری از شیوه¬های اثربخش و در نظر گفتن موانع و مشکلات باید در راستای سه بُعد شناختی، عاطفی و عملکردی طراحی و اجرا گردد. البته توجه به عوامل وراثتی و محیطی (خانواده، مدرسه، همسالان، رسانه¬های مجازی و غیرمجازی، شرایط جغرافیایی) از ضروریات این نظام تربیتی است.

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